''Solenopotes capillatus'' is known as the little blue cattle louse in the United States and the tubercle-bearing louse in Australia.
[Lloyd, J. E., et al. (2001)]
Persistent efficacy of doramectin topical solution against induced infestations of ''Bovicola bovis'' and ''Solenopotes capillatus''.
''Veterinary Parasitology'' 102(3), 235-41. This louse is the smallest of the sucking lice that occur on cattle and is a relatively immobile species. They are found all around the world in distribution but are restricted mainly to areas with domestic livestock. The little blue cattle louse is most often found on the head of its host, primarily the face and jaw region, but sporadically is found on other body parts. It is relatively immobile so typically will not relocate on its host's body. The louse is spread by direct contact and is considered an
ectoparasite
Parasitism is a close relationship between species, where one organism, the parasite, lives on or inside another organism, the host, causing it some harm, and is adapted structurally to this way of life. The entomologist E. O. Wilson has ...
.
["Ectoparasites - Solenopotes." Ectoparasites - Solenopotes. Merial, n.d. Web. 21 Oct. 2013.]
Symptomatically this louse can cause irritation, restlessness, and possibly a decrease in milk production. The louse is also known to cause
alopecia
Hair loss, also known as alopecia or baldness, refers to a loss of hair from part of the head or body. Typically at least the head is involved. The severity of hair loss can vary from a small area to the entire body. Inflammation or scarri ...
from scratching that can lead to infection. Heavy infestation can cause
anemia
Anemia or anaemia (British English) is a blood disorder in which the blood has a reduced ability to carry oxygen due to a lower than normal number of red blood cells, or a reduction in the amount of hemoglobin. When anemia comes on slowly, th ...
from blood loss.
[Juneau, K. J. and P. E. Kaufman]
''Solenopotes capillatus'' (Enderlein).
Publication Number EENY-422. Entomology and Nematology. University of Florida IFAS. 2007.
The louse's life cycle consists of three
instars
An instar (, from the Latin '' īnstar'', "form", "likeness") is a developmental stage of arthropods, such as insects, between each moult (''ecdysis''), until sexual maturity is reached. Arthropods must shed the exoskeleton in order to grow or ass ...
and for completion of the cycle, from egg to egg, is between 27 and 29 days.
[Grubbs, M. A., et al. (2007)]
Life cycle details of ''Solenopotes capillatus'' (Anoplura: Linognathidae).
''Journal of Economic Entomology'' 100(2), 619-21. The adult louse has a short broad head, broad sensorial on segments 4 and 5 of its antennae. It has a hexagonal shaped sternal plate on the thorax and prominent abdominal
spiracles. Its hind and middle legs are the same length while its front tarsal claws smaller.
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References
{{Taxonbar, from=Q9339334
Lice
Insects of North America
Insects described in 1904