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Görbersdorf didn't differentiate from neighbouring villages until it was visited in 1849 by Countess Maria von Colomb, a niece of Prussian General Gebhard Leberecht von Blücher. The countess, delighted by the scenery, persuaded her brother-in-law Hermann Brehmer to establish a health resort for consumptive patients. In 1854 she and Brehmer opened the world's first sanatorium for the treatment of tuberculosis at Görbersdorf. The care included the Priessnitz method of hydrotherapy and also a precursory method of climatic-dietetic treatment was applied. The treatment of consumption practised by
Website of PTTK hostel Andrzejówka containing pictures of surroundings, Sokołowsko included
{{DEFAULTSORT:Sokolowsko Villages in Wałbrzych County
Sokołowsko (german: Görbersdorf) is a village and traditional climatic health resort in Gmina Mieroszów, within Wałbrzych County,
in 1212 and promoted the German Ostsiedlung. SokoÅ‚owsko was probably founded about 1250 by monks of the Order of Saint Benedict, Benedictine Order at Police nad MetujÃ, Police, a filial monastery of BÅ™evnov Monastery, BÅ™evnov Abbey in Prague.
The first record of ''Girbrechtsdorff'' is documented in a 1357 deed itemising the villages within the burgraviate of Radosno castle (German: ''Freudenburg''), that fell to the Piast Duke Bolko II the Small of Åšwidnica shortly afterwards, whose duchy in turn was finally incorporated as a Silesian fief of the Lower Silesian Voivodeship
Lower Silesian Voivodeship, or Lower Silesia Province, in southwestern Poland, is one of the 16 voivodeships (provinces) into which Poland is divided. The voivodeship was created on 1 January 1999 out of the former Wrocław, Legnica, Wałbrz ...
, in south-western Poland. First information about Goerbersdorff appears in 1357,as an existing village set most likely by Benedicts monastery in Broumov (Czech Republic). It lies approximately north-east of Mieroszów
Mieroszów (german: Friedland in Niederschlesien) is a town in Wałbrzych County, Lower Silesian Voivodeship, in south-western Poland, near the border with the Czech Republic. It is the seat of the administrative district ( gmina) called Gmina M ...
, south of Wałbrzych, and south-west of the regional capital Wrocław.
Geography
Located about north-east ofMieroszów
Mieroszów (german: Friedland in Niederschlesien) is a town in Wałbrzych County, Lower Silesian Voivodeship, in south-western Poland, near the border with the Czech Republic. It is the seat of the administrative district ( gmina) called Gmina M ...
, south of Wałbrzych, and south-west of the regional capital Wrocław, Sokołowsko is the largest village within the Stone Mountains of the Central Sudetes
The Central Sudetes ( cs, Orlická oblast or ''Střednà Sudety'', pl, Sudety Środkowe, german: Mittelsudeten) are the central part of the Sudetes mountain range on the border of the Czech Republic and Poland. They stretch from the Nysa Kłodz ...
. It is situated in a deep forest-covered hollow traversed by the ''Sokołowiec'' and ''Dziczy'' streams, at an altitude of above sea level. The border with the town of Meziměstà in the Czech Republic is about in the south.
Sokołowsko is surrounded by several forested mountains, predominantly made up from porphyry rocks: ''Stożek Mały'' () in the north-west and ''Masyw Bukowca'' () in the north-east, as well as ''Garbatka'' () in the south-west, ''Włostowa'' () in the south and south-east and ''Radosno'' ( in the east. The range offers numerous trails for hiking and cross-country skiing in winter.
History
It is difficult to indicate the exact foundation date of the village. The area had originally been part of the County of Kłodzko">It is difficult to indicate the exact foundation date of the village. The area had originally been part of the Soběslav I in 1137. His successors of the Přemyslid dynasty">County of Kłodzko, acquired by Bohemia under Duke Sobeslaus I, Duke of Bohemia">Soběslav I in 1137. His successors of the Přemyslid dynasty became hereditary Bohemian kings by order of Frederick II, Holy Roman Emperor">Emperor Frederick II Frederick II (German: ''Friedrich''; Italian: ''Federico''; Latin: ''Federicus''; 26 December 1194 – 13 December 1250) was King of Sicily from 1198, King of Germany from 1212, King of Italy and Holy Roman Emperor from 1220 and King of Jerusa ...Bohemian crown
The Lands of the Bohemian Crown were a number of incorporated states in Central Europe during the medieval and early modern periods connected by feudal relations under the Bohemian kings. The crown lands primarily consisted of the Kingdom of Bo ...
in 1392. During the 15th century Görbersdorf had several possessors and suffered from the Hussite Wars
The Hussite Wars, also called the Bohemian Wars or the Hussite Revolution, were a series of civil wars fought between the Hussites and the combined Catholic forces of Holy Roman Emperor Sigismund, the Papacy, European monarchs loyal to the Cat ...
. Together with the southern part of the former Duchy of Świdnica the village passed to the Imperial counts of Hoberg (Hochberg) at Książ, the later Princes of Pless. With the Bohemian kingdom the area fell to the Habsburg monarchy
The Habsburg monarchy (german: Habsburgermonarchie, ), also known as the Danubian monarchy (german: Donaumonarchie, ), or Habsburg Empire (german: Habsburgerreich, ), was the collection of empires, kingdoms, duchies, counties and other polities ...
in 1526 and was seized by Prussia under King Frederick II in the First Silesian War of 1742. From 1815 Görbersdorf was part of the Prussian Province of Silesia.
Görbersdorf didn't differentiate from neighbouring villages until it was visited in 1849 by Countess Maria von Colomb, a niece of Prussian General Gebhard Leberecht von Blücher. The countess, delighted by the scenery, persuaded her brother-in-law Hermann Brehmer to establish a health resort for consumptive patients. In 1854 she and Brehmer opened the world's first sanatorium for the treatment of tuberculosis at Görbersdorf. The care included the Priessnitz method of hydrotherapy and also a precursory method of climatic-dietetic treatment was applied. The treatment of consumption practised by Alexander Spengler
Alexander Spengler (20 March 1827 – 1 November 1901) was a German physician and the first physician specializing in tuberculosis in Davos.
Spengler was born as the eldest son of Johann Philipp Spengler, a teacher at a school in Mannheim
M ...
at Davos
, neighboring_municipalities= Arosa, Bergün/Bravuogn, Klosters-Serneus, Langwies, S-chanf, Susch
, twintowns =
}
Davos (, ; or ; rm, ; archaic it, Tavate) is an Alpine resort town and a municipality in the Prättigau/Davos R ...
, perpetuated by Thomas Mann's novel '' The Magic Mountain'', was modelled after Görbersdorf, which at times was called the "Silesian Davos," although perhaps Davos should be called the "Swiss Görbersdorf." The resort was relatively expensive, but well organised, and before 1888 it had both a post office and phone lines. At the same time the quantity of 730 curates well exceeded the number of inhabitants. Several further sanatoriums were established in the following years and until World War I, Görbersdorf had become popular with guests from all over Europe, who had numerous mansions and even a Russian Orthodox chapel erected. At the beginning of the 20th century Scandinavian guests introduced snow skiing and a ski jumping hill was opened in 1930.
Post World War II
In 1945 Görbersdorf, now belonging to Poland, was named Sokołowsko in honour of the Polish internistAlfred Sokołowski
Alfred Marcin Sokołowski (11 November 1849 in Włodawa - 8 March 1924 in Warsaw) was a Polish pulmonologist and professor of the University of Warsaw. He specialised in the field of Phthisiatry (study of tuberculosis) and he was one of the pion ...
who had been a close co-worker of Hermann Brehmer. The now-called ''Grunwald'' sanatorium has continued to operate as a public anti-consumptive resort, while large parts of the facilities decayed. On the initiative of medical director Stanisław Domin the treatment profile was broadened to all kind of lung diseases, later also dementia. The filmmaker Krzysztof Kieślowski, whose father suffered from tuberculosis, spent several years of his youth at Sokołowsko.
In the 1970s the settlement was being transformed into Provincial Centre of Winter Sports, but due to lack of resources the project was not completed. Sokołowsko didn't regain its village status until the beginning of the 21st century. In the recent years, some of the mansions were renovated. The Russian Orthodox Archangel Michael chapel has been rebuilt by the Catholic Renovabis
Renovabis is a charitable organization of the Roman Catholic Church in Germany, established in 1993 to help people in Eastern and Central Europe. Its main office is located in Freising, Germany
Germany,, officially the Federal Republi ...
organisation.
References
External links
*Website of PTTK hostel Andrzejówka containing pictures of surroundings, Sokołowsko included
{{DEFAULTSORT:Sokolowsko Villages in Wałbrzych County