''Smaragdinella'' is a genus of medium-sized

sea snail Sea snail is a common name for slow-moving marine gastropod molluscs, usually with visible external shells, such as whelk or abalone. They share the taxonomic class Gastropoda with slugs, which are distinguished from snails primarily by the ...

s or bubble snails,

marine Marine is an adjective meaning of or pertaining to the sea or ocean. Marine or marines may refer to: Ocean * Maritime (disambiguation) * Marine art * Marine biology * Marine debris * Marine habitats * Marine life * Marine pollution Military * ...

opisthobranch Opisthobranchs () is now an informal name for a large and diverse group of specialized complex gastropods which used to be united in the subclass Opisthobranchia. That taxon is no longer considered to represent a monophyletic grouping. Euopisth ...

gastropod The gastropods (), commonly known as snails and slugs, belong to a large taxonomic class of invertebrates within the phylum Mollusca called Gastropoda (). This class comprises snails and slugs from saltwater, from freshwater, and from land. T ...

mollusc Mollusca is the second-largest phylum of invertebrate animals after the Arthropoda, the members of which are known as molluscs or mollusks (). Around 85,000 extant species of molluscs are recognized. The number of fossil species is esti ...

s in the family

Haminoeidae Haminoeidae, commonly known as the haminoeid bubble snail family, is a taxonomic family of sea snails, marine opisthobranch gastropod mollusks in the superfamily Haminoeoidea. The name of this family has long been controversial, and used to be A ...

, the haminoea bubble snails, part of the clade Cephalaspidea, the headshield slugs and bubble snails.Bouchet, P.; Gofas, S. (2013). Smaragdinella A. Adams, 1848. In: MolluscaBase (2016). Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=138055 on 2016-07-13

Species

Species within the genus ''Smaragdinella'' include: * ''

Smaragdinella calyculata ''Smaragdinella calyculata'', also called calyx bubble shell, is a small shelled slug common on rocky shores in the Indo-Pacific including Hawaii Hawaii ( ; haw, Hawaii or ) is a state in the Western United States, located in the Pa ...

'' (Broderip & G. B. Sowerby I, 1829) * ''

Smaragdinella fragilis ''Smaragdinella fragilis'' is a species of sea snail, a bubble snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Haminoeidae. The scientific name of the species was first published in 2008 by Bozzetti. Description The length of the shell attain ...

'' Bozzetti, 2008 * ''

Smaragdinella kirsteueri ''Smaragdinella'' is a genus of medium-sized sea snails or bubble snails, marine opisthobranch gastropod molluscs in the family Haminoeidae, the haminoea bubble snails, part of the clade Cephalaspidea, the headshield slugs and bubble snails.Bouc ...

'' Ev. Marcus & Er. Marcus, 1970 * ''

Smaragdinella sieboldi ''Smaragdinella'' is a genus of medium-sized sea snails or bubble snails, marine opisthobranch gastropod molluscs in the family Haminoeidae, the haminoea bubble snails, part of the clade Cephalaspidea, the headshield slugs and bubble snails.Bouc ...

'' A. Adams, 1864 ;Species brought into synonymy: * ''Smaragdinella algirae'' (A. Adams in G. B. Sowerby II, 1850): synonym of ''

Melanochlamys algirae ''Melanochlamys'' is a genus of headshield slugs in the family Aglajidae. Despite the appearance of its species, this genus must not be confused with nudibranchs.Bouchet, P.; Gofas, S. (2010). Melanochlamys Cheesman, 1881. In: Bouchet, P.; Gofa ...

'' (A. Adams in G. B. Sowerby II, 1850) * ''Smaragdinella andersoni'' (G. Nevill & H. Nevill, 1871): synonym of ''Smaragdinella sieboldi'' A. Adams, 1864 * ''Smaragdinella canaliculata'' (Broderip & G.B. Sowerby I, 1829): synonym of ''Smaragdinella calyculata'' (Broderip & G. B. Sowerby I, 1829) * ''Smaragdinella thecaphora'' Carpenter, 1857: synonym of ''

Julia thecaphora ''Julia thecaphora'' is a species of a sea snail with a shell comprising two separate hinged pieces or valves. It is a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Juliidae. Distribution The type locality for this species is probably Mazatlán, Mexi ...

'' (Carpenter, 1857) * ''Smaragdinella viridis'' (Rang in Quoy & Gaimard, 1832): synonym of ''Smaragdinella calyculata'' (Broderip & G. B. Sowerby I, 1829)

References

* Rudman, W. B. (1972). The herbivorous opisthobranch genera Phanerophthalmus A. Adams and Smaragdinella A. Adams. Proceedings of the Malacological Society of London. 40: 189-210

External links

Adams A. 1850.'' Monograph of the family Bullidae. In: G.B. Sowerby II (ed.), Thesaurus Conchyliorum, vol. 2: 553-608, pl. 119-125

Adams, A. & Reeve, L. A. (1848-1850). Mollusca. In A. Adams (ed.), The zoology of the voyage of H.M.S. Samarang, under the command of Captain Sir Edward Belcher, C.B., F.R.A.S., F.G.S., during the years 1843-1846. Reeve & Benham, London, x + 87 pp., 24 pls.

Gray, J. E. (1850). (text). In: Gray, M. E., Figures of molluscous animals, selected from various authors. Longman, Brown, Green and Longmans, London. Vol. 4, iv + 219 pp.

Oskars T.R., Too C.C., Rees D., Mikkelsen P.M., Willassen E. & Malaquias M.A.E. (2019). A molecular phylogeny of the gastropod family Haminoeidae sensu lato (Heterobranchia: Cephalaspidea): a generic revision. Invertebrate Systematics. 33: 426-472.
{{Commons category Haminoeidae