Skrzeczkowice (german: Eichendorf) is a sołectwo in the northern part

Jastrzębie-Zdrój Jastrzębie-Zdrój (; german: Bad Königsdorff-Jastrzemb, originally ''Jastrzemb'', cs, Lázně Jestřebí, szl, Jastrzymbie-Zdrōj or ''Jastrzymbje-Zdrůj'') is a city in south Poland with 86,632 inhabitants (2021). Its name comes from the Poli ...

, Silesian Voivodeship, southern

Poland Poland, officially the Republic of Poland, is a country in Central Europe. It is divided into 16 administrative provinces called voivodeships, covering an area of . Poland has a population of over 38 million and is the fifth-most populous ...

. It was an independent village but became administratively part of Jastrzębie-Zdrój in 1975. It has na area of 248,84 ha (historically it was 326 ha) and on December 31, 2012 it had 728 inhabitants. The name of the village is possessive in origins derived from personal name ''Skrzek''. Since the 14th century the name had been scribed as ''Skrzetzkowitz'', ''Skrzeczkowicz'', ''Skreczkowitz''. The German name ''Eichendorf'', after a German poet ( Joseph Freiherr von Eichendorff), appeared in 1907, which was a result of the arrival of German settlers in 1904.

History

The village could have been first mentioned in a Latin document of Diocese of Wrocław called ''

Liber fundationis episcopatus Vratislaviensis Liber fundationis episcopatus Vratislaviensis ( pl, Księga uposażeń biskupstwa wrocławskiego, ''Book of endowments of the Bishopric of Wrocław'') is a Latin manuscript catalog of documents compiled in the later 13th or in the early 14th centu ...

'' from around 1305 as ''Friczkonis villa''. Politically the village belonged initially to the

Duchy of Racibórz Duchy of Racibórz (german: Herzogtum Ratibor, cs, Ratibořské knížectví) was one of the duchies of Silesia. Its capital was Racibórz in Upper Silesia. History After Bolesław I the Tall and his younger brother Mieszko I Tanglefoot backed b ...

(in 1377 it was merged with

Duchy of Opava The Principality of Opava ( cs, Opavské knížectví; pl, Księstwo Opawskie) or Duchy of Troppau (german: Herzogtum Troppau) was a historic territory split off from the Margraviate of Moravia before 1269 by King Ottokar II of Bohemia to prov ...

, in 1491 Wodzisław was separated, including Skrzeczkowice), within feudally fragmented Poland. In 1327 the duchy became a

fee A fee is the price one pays as remuneration for rights or services. Fees usually allow for overhead, wages, costs, and markup. Traditionally, professionals in the United Kingdom (and previously the Republic of Ireland) receive a fee in contra ...

of the

Kingdom of Bohemia The Kingdom of Bohemia ( cs, České království),; la, link=no, Regnum Bohemiae sometimes in English literature referred to as the Czech Kingdom, was a medieval and early modern monarchy in Central Europe, the predecessor of the modern Czec ...

, which after 1526 became part of the

Habsburg monarchy The Habsburg monarchy (german: Habsburgermonarchie, ), also known as the Danubian monarchy (german: Donaumonarchie, ), or Habsburg Empire (german: Habsburgerreich, ), was the collection of empires, kingdoms, duchies, counties and other polities ...

. After Silesian Wars it became a part of the

Kingdom of Prussia The Kingdom of Prussia (german: Königreich Preußen, ) was a German kingdom that constituted the state of Prussia between 1701 and 1918.Marriott, J. A. R., and Charles Grant Robertson. ''The Evolution of Prussia, the Making of an Empire''. Re ...

. As a private village it was sold in 1323 by a knight Piotr Steiner to somebody called ''Jeske-Riske''. Henceforth the ownership was changing numerous times. In 1818 the territorial administration in Prussian Silesia was re-organized. Skrzeczkowice became a part of Rybnik County. In 1840 the village had 109 inhabitants, living in 17 houses, in 1890 it was 60 and in 1906 only 48. This number grew after parcellation of land in 1904, when 9 ethnic Germans settled here (another settled in Borynia Górna and Osiny). In 1910 30% of the inhabitants declared using only German-language, another 22% using both Polish and German, combined it was the highest percentage of German-speakers in Rybnik County. After

World War I World War I (28 July 1914 11 November 1918), often abbreviated as WWI, was one of the deadliest global conflicts in history. Belligerents included much of Europe, the Russian Empire, the United States, and the Ottoman Empire, with fightin ...

in the

Upper Silesia plebiscite The Upper Silesia plebiscite was a plebiscite mandated by the Versailles Treaty and carried out on 20 March 1921 to determine ownership of the province of Upper Silesia between Weimar Germany and Poland. The region was ethnically mixed with bot ...

49 out of 76 voters in Skrzeczkowice voted in favour of staying in Germany, against 27 who opted for joining Poland. It became later a part of Silesian Voivodeship,

Second Polish Republic The Second Polish Republic, at the time officially known as the Republic of Poland, was a country in Central Europe, Central and Eastern Europe that existed between 1918 and 1939. The state was established on 6 November 1918, before the end of ...

. Around 80% of local Germans moved out, afterwards the village had about 330 inhabitants. It was then annexed by

Nazi Germany Nazi Germany (lit. "National Socialist State"), ' (lit. "Nazi State") for short; also ' (lit. "National Socialist Germany") (officially known as the German Reich from 1933 until 1943, and the Greater German Reich from 1943 to 1945) was ...

at the beginning of

World War II World War II or the Second World War, often abbreviated as WWII or WW2, was a world war that lasted from 1939 to 1945. It involved the vast majority of the world's countries—including all of the great powers—forming two opposin ...

. After the war it was restored to Poland. In 1954 it became a part of a municipality with the seat in Borynia. In 1975 it was together with Borynia and Szeroka absorbed by Jastrzębie-Zdrój. In a local referendum held in 2000 the inhabitants of Borynia, Szeroka and Skrzeczkowice voted in favour of remaining within the city.

Notes

References

* {{DEFAULTSORT:Skrzeczkowice Neighbourhoods in Silesian Voivodeship Jastrzębie-Zdrój