Sirdaryo Region (, russian: Сырдарьинская область, Syrdaryinskaya oblast) is one of the
regions of Uzbekistan
Uzbekistan is divided into 12 regions (''viloyatlar'', singularviloyat, ''viloyati'' in compound, e.g. Toshkent ''viloyati''), 1 autonomous republic (''respublika'', ''respublikasi'' in compound, e.g. Qaraqalpaqstan Avtonom ''Respublikasi''), a ...
, located in the center of the country on the left bank of
Syr Darya
The Syr Darya (, ),, , ; rus, Сырдарья́, Syrdarjja, p=sɨrdɐˈrʲja; fa, سيردريا, Sirdaryâ; tg, Сирдарё, Sirdaryo; tr, Seyhun, Siri Derya; ar, سيحون, Seyḥūn; uz, Sirdaryo, script-Latn/. historically known ...
River. It borders with
Kazakhstan
Kazakhstan, officially the Republic of Kazakhstan, is a transcontinental country located mainly in Central Asia and partly in Eastern Europe. It borders Russia to the north and west, China to the east, Kyrgyzstan to the southeast, Uzbeki ...
,
Tajikistan
Tajikistan (, ; tg, Тоҷикистон, Tojikiston; russian: Таджикистан, Tadzhikistan), officially the Republic of Tajikistan ( tg, Ҷумҳурии Тоҷикистон, Jumhurii Tojikiston), is a landlocked country in Centr ...
,
Tashkent Region
Tashkent Region ( uz, Toshkent viloyati, Тошкент вилояти, russian: Ташкентская область) is a viloyat (region) of Uzbekistan, located in the northeastern part of the country, between the Syr Darya River and the Tien ...
, and
Jizzakh Region
Jizzakh Region ( uz, Jizzax viloyati, Жиззах вилояти, جٮززﻩخ ۋٮلايەتى, russian: Джизакская область, Dzhizakskaya Oblast') is one of the regions of Uzbekistan. It is located in the center/east of the co ...
. It covers an area of , and is mostly desert, with the
Starving Steppe taking up a significant part of the region's area. The population is estimated to be 860,900 (2021).
The capital is the city of
Guliston
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(pop. est. 91,300, 2021).
[ Other cities and towns include Baxt, Boyovut, Farhod, ]Qahramon
tg, Қаҳрамон
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, Sayxun, Sirdaryo
Sirdaryo ( uz, script=Latn, Sirdaryo / uz, label=none, script=Cyrl, Сирдарё; russian: Сырдарья, Syrdarya) is a city in Sirdaryo Region of Uzbekistan. It serves as the administrative center of Sirdaryo District
Sirdaryo is a distr ...
, Khavast
Xovos ( uz, Xovos, russian: Хаваст, Khavast) is an urban-type settlement in Sirdaryo Region, Uzbekistan. It is the administrative center of Xovos District.
History
The history of the region starts with the construction of railroad by the ...
, Shirin
Shirin ( fa, شیرین; died 628) was a Christian wife of the Sasanian King of Kings (''shahanshah'') Khosrow II (). In the revolution after the death of Khosrow's father Hormizd IV, the General Bahram Chobin took power over the Persian empire. S ...
and Yangiyer
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.
Demography
The population of the region is distributed along the main highway, which divides the whole region into two parts: the western and the eastern. The population in mainly Uzbek, with Tajik minorities on the border in the south with Tajikistan (mainly Khavast district).
Administration
The Sirdaryo Region consists of 8 district
A district is a type of administrative division that, in some countries, is managed by the local government. Across the world, areas known as "districts" vary greatly in size, spanning regions or counties, several municipalities, subdivisions o ...
s (listed below) and three district-level cities: Guliston
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, Shirin
Shirin ( fa, شیرین; died 628) was a Christian wife of the Sasanian King of Kings (''shahanshah'') Khosrow II (). In the revolution after the death of Khosrow's father Hormizd IV, the General Bahram Chobin took power over the Persian empire. S ...
and Yangiyer
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.
There are 5 cities (Guliston
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, Shirin
Shirin ( fa, شیرین; died 628) was a Christian wife of the Sasanian King of Kings (''shahanshah'') Khosrow II (). In the revolution after the death of Khosrow's father Hormizd IV, the General Bahram Chobin took power over the Persian empire. S ...
, Yangiyer
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, Sirdaryo
Sirdaryo ( uz, script=Latn, Sirdaryo / uz, label=none, script=Cyrl, Сирдарё; russian: Сырдарья, Syrdarya) is a city in Sirdaryo Region of Uzbekistan. It serves as the administrative center of Sirdaryo District
Sirdaryo is a distr ...
, Baxt) and 25 urban-type settlement
Urban-type settlementrussian: посёлок городско́го ти́па, translit=posyolok gorodskogo tipa, abbreviated: russian: п.г.т., translit=p.g.t.; ua, селище міського типу, translit=selyshche mis'koho typu, ab ...
s in the Sirdaryo Region.[ In 2004 the Mehnatobod District was abolished and its territory was divided between the Mirzaobod District and the ]Xovos District
Xovos is a district of Sirdaryo Region in Uzbekistan. The capital lies at the town Xovos. It has an area of and its population is 97,100 (2021 est.). The district consists of 2 urban-type settlements (Xovos
Xovos ( uz, Xovos, russian: Хавас ...
.
Climate
The climate is a typically arid continental climate
Continental climates often have a significant annual variation in temperature (warm summers and cold winters). They tend to occur in the middle latitudes (40 to 55 north), within large landmasses where prevailing winds blow overland bringing som ...
with extreme differences between winter and summer temperatures.
Economy
The economy is based on cotton
Cotton is a soft, fluffy staple fiber that grows in a boll, or protective case, around the seeds of the cotton plants of the genus ''Gossypium'' in the mallow family Malvaceae. The fiber is almost pure cellulose, and can contain minor perce ...
and cereal
A cereal is any Poaceae, grass cultivated for the edible components of its grain (botanically, a type of fruit called a caryopsis), composed of the endosperm, Cereal germ, germ, and bran. Cereal Grain, grain crops are grown in greater quantit ...
crops, with strong reliance on irrigation
Irrigation (also referred to as watering) is the practice of applying controlled amounts of water to land to help grow Crop, crops, Landscape plant, landscape plants, and Lawn, lawns. Irrigation has been a key aspect of agriculture for over 5,00 ...
and on cattle
Cattle (''Bos taurus'') are large, domesticated, cloven-hooved, herbivores. They are a prominent modern member of the subfamily Bovinae and the most widespread species of the genus ''Bos''. Adult females are referred to as cows and adult mal ...
breeding. Minor crops include forage plants, vegetables, melons
A melon is any of various plants of the family Cucurbitaceae with sweet, edible, and fleshy fruit. The word "melon" can refer to either the plant or specifically to the fruit. Botanically, a melon is a kind of botanical berry, berry, specifical ...
, gourds
Gourds include the fruits of some flowering plant species in the family Cucurbitaceae, particularly ''Cucurbita'' and ''Lagenaria''. The term refers to a number of species and subspecies, many with hard shells, and some without. One of the earli ...
, potatoes
The potato is a starchy food, a tuber of the plant ''Solanum tuberosum'' and is a root vegetable native to the Americas. The plant is a perennial in the nightshade family Solanaceae.
Wild potato species can be found from the southern United ...
, maize
Maize ( ; ''Zea mays'' subsp. ''mays'', from es, maíz after tnq, mahiz), also known as corn (North American and Australian English), is a cereal grain first domesticated by indigenous peoples in southern Mexico about 10,000 years ago. Th ...
, a variety of fruit
In botany, a fruit is the seed-bearing structure in flowering plants that is formed from the ovary after flowering.
Fruits are the means by which flowering plants (also known as angiosperms) disseminate their seeds. Edible fruits in particu ...
and grapes
A grape is a fruit, botanically a berry, of the deciduous woody vines of the flowering plant genus ''Vitis''. Grapes are a non- climacteric type of fruit, generally occurring in clusters.
The cultivation of grapes began perhaps 8,000 years ago ...
. Industry consists of construction materials, irrigation equipment and raw-cotton processing.
Syrdarya contains one of Uzbekistan's largest hydroelectric power plant
Hydroelectricity, or hydroelectric power, is electricity generated from hydropower (water power). Hydropower supplies one sixth of the world's electricity, almost 4500 TWh in 2020, which is more than all other renewable sources combined and ...
s, which generates one third of the country's electricity.
References
External links
*
{{Authority control
Regions of Uzbekistan