Sir Toby Caulfeild, 1st Baron Caulfeild of Charlemont (1565–1627) was an English army officer active in Ireland.

Life

He was born on 2 December 1565 the son of Alexander Caulfeild of

Great Milton Great Milton is a village and Civil parishes in England, civil parish in Oxfordshire, about east of Oxford. The United Kingdom Census 2011, 2011 Census recorded the parish's population as 1,042. The School Great Milton church of England primar ...

Oxfordshire Oxfordshire is a ceremonial and non-metropolitan county in the north west of South East England. It is a mainly rural county, with its largest settlement being the city of Oxford. The county is a centre of research and development, primarily ...

. As a youth, he served under Martin Frobisher, and then under

Lord Howard of Effingham Earl of Effingham, in the County of Surrey, is a title in the Peerage of the United Kingdom, created in 1837 for Kenneth Howard, 11th Baron Howard of Effingham, named after the village of Effingham, Surrey, where heads of thf family owned ...

. He was also with

Robert Devereux, 2nd Earl of Essex Robert Devereux, 2nd Earl of Essex, KG, PC (; 10 November 1565 – 25 February 1601) was an English nobleman and a favourite of Queen Elizabeth I. Politically ambitious, and a committed general, he was placed under house arrest following a ...

at the

capture of Cadiz Capture may refer to: *Asteroid capture, a phenomenon in which an asteroid enters a stable orbit around another body *Capture, a software for lighting design, documentation and visualisation *"Capture" a song by Simon Townshend *Capture (band), an ...

, 21 June 1596. Castel Caulfield Ruins

In 1598 Caulfeild accompanied the Earl of Essex to Ireland, in command of a troop of horse, and was for a time stationed at

Newry Newry (; ) is a city in Northern Ireland, divided by the Clanrye river in counties Armagh and Down, from Belfast and from Dublin. It had a population of 26,967 in 2011. Newry was founded in 1144 alongside a Cistercian monastery, althoug ...

. In 1601, under

Lord Mountjoy The titles of Baron Mountjoy and Viscount Mountjoy have been created several times for members of various families, including the Blounts and their descendants and the Stewarts of Ramelton and their descendants. The first creation was for Walter ...

, he took part in the recapture of

Kinsale Kinsale ( ; ) is a historic port and fishing town in County Cork, Ireland. Located approximately south of Cork City on the southeast coast near the Old Head of Kinsale, it sits at the mouth of the River Bandon, and has a population of 5,281 (a ...

from the Spanish invaders. Mountjoy left Caulfeild in charge of a bridge built by him over the River Blackwater, in command of 150 men, where the fort erected for its protection was called Charlemont. After the accession of

James I of England James VI and I (James Charles Stuart; 19 June 1566 – 27 March 1625) was King of Scotland as James VI from 24 July 1567 and King of England and King of Ireland, Ireland as James I from the Union of the Crowns, union of the Scottish and Eng ...

, Caulfeild was knighted. After the

Flight of the Earls The Flight of the Earls ( ir, Imeacht na nIarlaí)In Irish, the neutral term ''Imeacht'' is usually used i.e. the ''Departure of the Earls''. The term 'Flight' is translated 'Teitheadh na nIarlaí' and is sometimes seen. took place in Sep ...

of 1607, he was appointed receiver of the rents of

Hugh O'Neill, Earl of Tyrone Hugh O'Neill (Irish: ''Aodh Mór Ó Néill''; literally ''Hugh The Great O'Neill''; – 20 July 1616), was an Irish Gaelic lord, Earl of Tyrone (known as the Great Earl) and was later created ''The Ó Néill Mór'', Chief of the Name. O'Neil ...

until 1610. On the division of the estates, Caulfeild received a grant of a thousand acres on which he built a now ruined house,

Castle Caulfield Castle Caulfield is a large ruined house situated in Castlecaulfield, County Tyrone, Northern Ireland. The house was built for Sir Toby Caulfeild between 1611 and 1619. He was granted 1,000 acres at the start of the Plantation of Ulster. Thi ...

. He had, in 1608, been appointed to the command of the upper part of Tyrone and of

Armagh Armagh ( ; ga, Ard Mhacha, , "Macha's height") is the county town of County Armagh and a city in Northern Ireland, as well as a civil parish. It is the ecclesiastical capital of Ireland – the seat of the Archbishops of Armagh, the Pri ...

. On 17 April 1613 he was named a privy councillor, and the same year he was chosen knight of the shire for

in the Irish Parliament. On 19 February 1615 he was made

master of the ordnance The Master-General of the Ordnance (MGO) was a very senior British military position from 1415 to 2013 (except 1855–1895 and 1939–1958) with some changes to the name, usually held by a serving general. The Master-General of the Ordnance was ...

and on 10 May of the same year one of the council for the

province of Munster Munster ( gle, an Mhumhain or ) is one of the provinces of Ireland, in the south of Ireland. In early Ireland, the Kingdom of Munster was one of the kingdoms of Gaelic Ireland ruled by a "king of over-kings" ( ga, rí ruirech). Following the ...

. Subsequently, he was appointed a member of the commission for the parcelling out of

escheat Escheat is a common law doctrine that transfers the real property of a person who has died without heirs to the crown or state. It serves to ensure that property is not left in "limbo" without recognized ownership. It originally applied to a ...

ed (confiscated) lands. In consideration of his services to the crown, Caulfeild was created Baron Charlemont and, as he had not married, the succession of the honour was granted to his nephew, Sir William Caulfeild, son of his brother James. He died on 17 August 1627, and was buried in

Christ Church Cathedral, Dublin Christ Church Cathedral, more formally The Cathedral of the Holy Trinity, is the cathedral of the United Dioceses of Dublin and Glendalough and the cathedral of the ecclesiastical province of the United Provinces of Dublin and Cashel in the ( ...

Notes

;Attribution {{DEFAULTSORT:Caulfeild, Toby 1565 births 1627 deaths English army officers Members of the Parliament of Ireland (pre-1801) for County Armagh constituencies Barons in the Peerage of Ireland Peers of Ireland created by James I People from Oxfordshire (before 1974)