Sir Francis Osbert Sacheverell Sitwell, 5th Baronet
CH CBE
The Most Excellent Order of the British Empire is a British order of chivalry, rewarding contributions to the arts and sciences, work with charitable and welfare organisations,
and public service outside the civil service. It was established o ...
(6 December 1892 – 4 May 1969) was an English writer. His elder sister was
Edith Sitwell
Dame Edith Louisa Sitwell (7 September 1887 – 9 December 1964) was a British poet and critic and the eldest of the three literary Sitwells. She reacted badly to her eccentric, unloving parents and lived much of her life with her governess ...
and his younger brother was
Sacheverell Sitwell
Sir Sacheverell Reresby Sitwell, 6th Baronet, (; 15 November 1897 – 1 October 1988) was an English writer, best known as an art critic, music critic (his books on Mozart, Liszt, and Domenico Scarlatti are still consulted), and writer on a ...
. Like them, he devoted his life to art and literature.
Early life
![Sargent - Familie Sitwell](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/85/Sargent_-_Familie_Sitwell.jpg)
Sitwell was born on 6 December 1892 at 3 Arlington Street,
St James's
St James's is a central district in the City of Westminster, London, forming part of the West End. In the 17th century the area developed as a residential location for the British aristocracy, and around the 19th century was the focus of the de ...
, London. His parents were
Sir George Reresby Sitwell, fourth baronet,
genealogist
Genealogy () is the study of families, family history, and the tracing of their lineages. Genealogists use oral interviews, historical records, genetic analysis, and other records to obtain information about a family and to demonstrate kinsh ...
and
antiquarian
An antiquarian or antiquary () is an fan (person), aficionado or student of antiquities or things of the past. More specifically, the term is used for those who study history with particular attention to ancient artifact (archaeology), artifac ...
, and Lady Ida Emily Augusta (''née'' Denison). He grew up in the family seat at
Renishaw Hall
Renishaw Hall is a country house in Renishaw, Derbyshire, Renishaw in the parish of Eckington, Derbyshire, Eckington in Derbyshire, England. It is a Grade I listed building and has been the home of the Sitwell Baronets, Sitwell family for nearly ...
, Derbyshire, and at family mansions in the region of
Scarborough Scarborough or Scarboro may refer to:
People
* Scarborough (surname)
* Earl of Scarbrough
Places Australia
* Scarborough, Western Australia, suburb of Perth
* Scarborough, New South Wales, suburb of Wollongong
* Scarborough, Queensland, su ...
, and went to
Ludgrove School
Ludgrove School is an English independent boys preparatory boarding school. Ludgrove was founded in 1892 at Ludgrove Hall in Middlesex by the Old Etonian sportsman Arthur Dunn. Dunn had been employed as a master at Elstree School, which sent boys ...
, then
Eton College
Eton College () is a public school in Eton, Berkshire, England. It was founded in 1440 by Henry VI under the name ''Kynge's College of Our Ladye of Eton besyde Windesore'',Nevill, p. 3 ff. intended as a sister institution to King's College, C ...
from 1906 to 1909. For many years his entry in ''
Who's Who
''Who's Who'' (or ''Who is Who'') is the title of a number of reference publications, generally containing concise biography, biographical information on the prominent people of a country. The title has been adopted as an expression meaning a gr ...
'' contained the phrase "Educ
ted
TED may refer to:
Economics and finance
* TED spread between U.S. Treasuries and Eurodollar
Education
* ''Türk Eğitim Derneği'', the Turkish Education Association
** TED Ankara College Foundation Schools, Turkey
** Transvaal Education Depa ...
during the holidays from Eton."
In 1911 he joined the
Sherwood Rangers Yeomanry
The Sherwood Rangers Yeomanry (SRY) was a British Yeomanry regiment. In 1967 it was amalgamated with other units to form the Royal Yeomanry (RY), a light cavalry regiment of the Army Reserve. Originally raised as the Nottinghamshire Yeomanry Cav ...
but, not cut out to be a cavalry officer, transferred to the
Grenadier Guards
"Shamed be whoever thinks ill of it."
, colors =
, colors_label =
, march = Slow: " Scipio"
, mascot =
, equipment =
, equipment ...
at the
Tower of London
The Tower of London, officially His Majesty's Royal Palace and Fortress of the Tower of London, is a historic castle on the north bank of the River Thames in central London. It lies within the London Borough of Tower Hamlets, which is separa ...
from where, in his off-duty time, he could frequent theatres and art galleries.
Army
Late in 1914 Sitwell's civilised life was exchanged for the
trenches of France near
Ypres
Ypres ( , ; nl, Ieper ; vls, Yper; german: Ypern ) is a Belgian city and municipality in the province of West Flanders. Though
the Dutch name is the official one, the city's French name is most commonly used in English. The municipality co ...
in
Belgium
Belgium, ; french: Belgique ; german: Belgien officially the Kingdom of Belgium, is a country in Northwestern Europe. The country is bordered by the Netherlands to the north, Germany to the east, Luxembourg to the southeast, France to th ...
. It was here that he wrote his
first poetry, describing it as "Some instinct, and a combination of feelings not hitherto experienced united to drive me to paper". "Babel" was published in ''
The Times
''The Times'' is a British daily national newspaper based in London. It began in 1785 under the title ''The Daily Universal Register'', adopting its current name on 1 January 1788. ''The Times'' and its sister paper ''The Sunday Times'' (fou ...
'' on 11 May 1916. In the same year, he began literary collaborations and anthologies with his brother and sister, the trio being usually referred to simply as
the Sitwells
The Sitwells (Edith Sitwell, Osbert Sitwell, Sacheverell Sitwell), from Scarborough, North Yorkshire, were three siblings who formed an identifiable literary and artistic clique around themselves in London in the period roughly 1916 to 1930. This ...
.
Political and other activity
He acted as
best man
A groomsman or usher is one of the male attendants to the groom in a wedding ceremony and performs the first speech at the wedding. Usually, the groom selects close friends and relatives to serve as groomsmen, and it is considered an honor to be ...
at the wedding of
Alexander, 1st Marquess of Carisbrooke, son of
Prince Henry of Battenberg
Prince Henry of Battenberg (Henry Maurice; 5 October 1858 – 20 January 1896) was a morganatic descendant of the Grand Ducal House of Hesse. He became a member of the British royal family by marriage to Princess Beatrice of the United Kingdom ...
and
Princess Beatrice of the United Kingdom
Princess Beatrice (Beatrice Mary Victoria Feodore; 14 April 1857 – 26 October 1944), later Princess Henry of Battenberg, was the fifth daughter and youngest child of Queen Victoria and Albert, Prince Consort, Prince Albert. Beatrice ...
, on 19 July 1917 at the
Chapel Royal
The Chapel Royal is an establishment in the Royal Household serving the spiritual needs of the sovereign and the British Royal Family. Historically it was a body of priests and singers that travelled with the monarch. The term is now also applie ...
,
St. James's Palace,
London
London is the capital and largest city of England and the United Kingdom, with a population of just under 9 million. It stands on the River Thames in south-east England at the head of a estuary down to the North Sea, and has been a majo ...
.
In 1918 Sitwell left the Army with the rank of
Captain
Captain is a title, an appellative for the commanding officer of a military unit; the supreme leader of a navy ship, merchant ship, aeroplane, spacecraft, or other vessel; or the commander of a port, fire or police department, election precinct, e ...
, and contested the 1918 general election as the
Liberal Party
The Liberal Party is any of many political parties around the world. The meaning of ''liberal'' varies around the world, ranging from liberal conservatism on the right to social liberalism on the left.
__TOC__ Active liberal parties
This is a li ...
candidate for
Scarborough and Whitby, finishing second.
Later he moved towards the political right, though politics were very seldom explicit in his writings. In ''Who's Who'' he ultimately declared of his political views: "Advocates compulsory Freedom everywhere, the suppression of Public Opinion in the interest of Free Speech, and the rationing of brains without which innovation there can be no true democracy."
Sitwell campaigned for the preservation of
Georgian buildings and was responsible for saving
Sutton Scarsdale Hall
Sutton Scarsdale Hall is a Grade I listed Georgian ruined stately home in Sutton Scarsdale, just outside Chesterfield, Derbyshire.
Estate history
The original Hall formed part of a Saxon estate owned by Wulfric Spott, who died in 1002 and left ...
, now owned by
English Heritage
English Heritage (officially the English Heritage Trust) is a charity that manages over 400 historic monuments, buildings and places. These include prehistoric sites, medieval castles, Roman forts and country houses.
The charity states that i ...
. He was an early and active member of the
Georgian Group
The Georgian Group is a British charity, and the national authority on Georgian architecture built between 1700 and 1837 in England and Wales. As one of the National Amenity Societies, The Georgian Group is a statutory consultee on alterat ...
.
He also had an interest in the
paranormal
Paranormal events are purported phenomena described in popular culture, folk, and other non-scientific bodies of knowledge, whose existence within these contexts is described as being beyond the scope of normal scientific understanding. Nota ...
and joined
the Ghost Club
The Ghost Club is a paranormal investigation and research organization, founded in London in 1862. It is believed to be the oldest such organization in the world, though its history has not been continuous. The club still investigates mainly gho ...
, which at the time was being relaunched as a dinner society dedicated to discussing paranormal occurrences and topics.
Writing career
Sitwell devoted himself to poetry, art criticism and controversial journalism. Together with his brother, he sponsored a controversial exhibition of works by
Matisse
Henri Émile Benoît Matisse (; 31 December 1869 – 3 November 1954) was a French visual artist, known for both his use of colour and his fluid and original draughtsmanship. He was a draughtsman, printmaker, and sculptor, but is known prima ...
,
Utrillo,
Picasso
Pablo Ruiz Picasso (25 October 1881 – 8 April 1973) was a Spanish painter, sculptor, printmaker, ceramicist and Scenic design, theatre designer who spent most of his adult life in France. One of the most influential artists of the 20th ce ...
and
Modigliani. The composer
William Walton
Sir William Turner Walton (29 March 19028 March 1983) was an English composer. During a sixty-year career, he wrote music in several classical genres and styles, from film scores to opera. His best-known works include ''Façade'', the cantat ...
also greatly benefited from his largesse (though the two men afterwards fell out) and Walton's
cantata
A cantata (; ; literally "sung", past participle feminine singular of the Italian verb ''cantare'', "to sing") is a vocal composition with an instrumental accompaniment, typically in several movements, often involving a choir.
The meaning of ...
''
Belshazzar's Feast
Belshazzar's feast, or the story of the writing on the wall (chapter 5 in the Book of Daniel), tells how Belshazzar holds a great feast and drinks from the vessels that had been looted in the destruction of the Solomon's Temple, First Temple. A ...
'' was written to Sitwell's libretto. He published two books of poems: ''Argonaut and Juggernaut'' (1919) and ''At the House of Mrs Kinfoot'' (1921). In the mid-1920s he met
David Stuart Horner (1900-1983) who was his lover and companion for most of his life.
Works
Sitwell's first work of fiction, ''Triple Fugue'', was published in 1924, and visits to Italy and Germany produced ''Discursions on Travel, Art and Life'' (1925). His first novel, ''Before the Bombardment'' (1926), set in an out-of-season hotel, was well reviewed – Ralph Straus writing for ''
Bystander'' magazine called it 'a nearly flawless piece of satirical writing', and
Beverley Nichols
John Beverley Nichols (9 September 1898 – 15 September 1983) was an English writer, playwright and public speaker. He wrote more than 60 books and plays.
Career
Between his first book, the novel, ''Prelude'' (1920) and his last, a book of po ...
praised 'the richness of its beauty and wit'. His subsequent novel ''The Man Who Lost Himself'' (1929) was an altogether different affair and did not receive the same critical acclaim. However, for Osbert Sitwell it was an attempt to take further the techniques that he had experimented with in his début, and he ventured to explain this in one challenging sentence in his Preface when he said: "Convinced that movement is not in itself enough, that no particular action or sequence of actions is in itself of sufficient concern to dare lay claim to the intelligent attention of the reader, that adventures of the mind and soul are more interesting, because more mysterious, than those of the body, and yet that, on the other hand, the essence does not reside to any much greater degree in the tangle of reason, unreason, and previous history, in which each action, event and thought is founded, but is to be discovered, rather, in that balance, so difficult to achieve, which lies between them, he has attempted to write a book which might best be described as a Novel of Reasoned Action". Re-edited over three quarters of a century after its initial publication, ''The Man Who Lost Himself'' has found new popularity as an idiosyncratic mystery novel.
Sitwell, sure in himself of the techniques he was exercising, went on to write several further novels, including ''Miracle on Sinai'' (1934) and ''Those Were the Days'' (1937) neither of which received the same glowing reviews as his first. A collection of short stories ''Open the Door'' (1940), his fifth novel ''
A Place of One's Own
''A Place of One's Own'' is a 1945 British film directed by Bernard Knowles. An atmospheric ghost story based on the 1940 novel of the same title by Osbert Sitwell, it stars James Mason, Barbara Mullen, Margaret Lockwood, Dennis Price and Dulc ...
'' (1940), his ''Selected Poems'' (1943) and a book of essays ''Sing High, Sing Low'' (1944) were reasonably well received. His "The Four Continents" (1951) is a book of travel, reminiscence and observation.
''Rat Week''
Sitwell was a close friend of the Duke and Duchess of York, future
King George VI
George VI (Albert Frederick Arthur George; 14 December 1895 – 6 February 1952) was King of the United Kingdom and the Dominions of the British Commonwealth from 11 December 1936 until his death in 1952. He was also the last Emperor of Ind ...
and
Queen Elizabeth. In December 1936, when the
abdication
Abdication is the act of formally relinquishing monarchical authority. Abdications have played various roles in the succession procedures of monarchies. While some cultures have viewed abdication as an extreme abandonment of duty, in other societ ...
of
King Edward VIII
Edward VIII (Edward Albert Christian George Andrew Patrick David; 23 June 1894 – 28 May 1972), later known as the Duke of Windsor, was King of the United Kingdom and the Dominions of the British Empire and Emperor of India from 20 January 1 ...
was announced, he wrote a poem, ''Rat Week'', attacking principally the former king and
Wallis Simpson
Wallis, Duchess of Windsor (born Bessie Wallis Warfield, later Simpson; June 19, 1896 – April 24, 1986), was an American socialite and wife of the former King Edward VIII. Their intention to marry and her status as a divorcée caused ...
but also those friends of Edward who deserted him when his alliance with Simpson became common knowledge in England. Because of its libellous content it was not published but Sitwell ensured that it was circulated privately.
[Pearson, p16] In February 1937, a version appeared in ''
Cavalcade
A cavalcade is a procession or parade on horseback, or a mass trail ride by a company of riders. The focus of a cavalcade is participation rather than display. Often, the participants do not wear costumes or ride in formation. Often, a cava ...
'', which Sitwell described as a "paper, which confounded liveliness with mischief". The ''Cavalcade'' version omitted the "offensive"
references to Edward and Wallis. This resulted in the poem's gaining an unwarranted reputation as being sympathetic to the Windsors over the way some of their friends had treated them. ''Cavalcade'' also missed out a verse in which a number of the "rats" were named explicitly, as to publish this would have been libellous.
Sitwell sued ''Cavalcade'' for breach of copyright. He obtained an interim injunction preventing further publication in ''Cavalcade'', which ensured further surreptitious circulation of the poem. When the full case came to court, ''Cavalcade'' tried to get Sitwell to produce the missing verse. Sitwell resisted on the grounds that he could not be forced to make a criminally libellous statement. The case ended up in the Appeal Court, where Sitwell won and obtained damages and costs.
Sitwell knew that, because of the libel issue, the poem could not be published in his lifetime; he decided that publication should wait even longer than that to avoid "pain to those still living". The poem was first published posthumously in 1986, the year the Duchess of Windsor (as Wallis had become) died, by Michael Joseph in a book entitled ''Rat Week: An Essay on the Abdication''. Sitwell, in his essay, explained the background to the poem in some detail because he recognised that the long delay in publication would result in many readers being unfamiliar with the characters. The book also contains a foreword by
John Pearson, explaining some of the background to the publication of the book.
Autobiography
In 1943 he started an autobiography that ran to four volumes: ''Left Hand, Right Hand'' (1943), ''The Scarlet Tree'' (1946), ''Great Morning'' (1948) and ''Laughter in the Next Room'' (1949).The first volume includes a chapter on "The Sargent Group" a humorous account of
John Singer Sargent
John Singer Sargent (; January 12, 1856 – April 14, 1925) was an American expatriate artist, considered the "leading portrait painter of his generation" for his evocations of Edwardian-era luxury. He created roughly 900 oil paintings and more ...
's group portrait of
the Sitwells
The Sitwells (Edith Sitwell, Osbert Sitwell, Sacheverell Sitwell), from Scarborough, North Yorkshire, were three siblings who formed an identifiable literary and artistic clique around themselves in London in the period roughly 1916 to 1930. This ...
(Sitwell family), and the adjustments that Sargent made to Edith's and her father's noses.
Writing in ''
The Adelphi
''The'' () is a grammatical article in English, denoting persons or things already mentioned, under discussion, implied or otherwise presumed familiar to listeners, readers, or speakers. It is the definite article in English. ''The'' is the m ...
'',
George Orwell
Eric Arthur Blair (25 June 1903 – 21 January 1950), better known by his pen name George Orwell, was an English novelist, essayist, journalist, and critic. His work is characterised by lucid prose, social criticism, opposition to totalitar ...
declared that, "although the range they cover is narrow,
hey
Hey or Hey! may refer to:
Music
* Hey (band), a Polish rock band
Albums
* ''Hey'' (Andreas Bourani album) or the title song (see below), 2014
* ''Hey!'' (Julio Iglesias album) or the title song, 1980
* ''Hey!'' (Jullie album) or the title s ...
must be among the best autobiographies of our time." Sitwell's autobiography was followed by a collection of essays about various people he had known, ''Noble Essences: A Book of Characters'' (1950), and a postscript, ''Tales my Father Taught Me'' (1962).
The sometimes acidic diarist
James Agate
James Evershed Agate (9 September 1877 – 6 June 1947) was an English diarist and theatre critic between the two world wars. He took up journalism in his late twenties and was on the staff of ''The Manchester Guardian'' in 1907–1914. He later ...
commented on Sitwell after a drinking session on 3 June 1932, in ''Ego'', volume 1, "There is something self-satisfied and having-to-do-with-the-Bourbons about him which is annoying, though there is also something of the crowned-head consciousness which is disarming."
In ''Who's Who'', he summed up his career: "For the past 30 years has conducted, in conjunction with his brother and sister, a series of skirmishes and hand-to-hand battles against the
Philistine
The Philistines ( he, פְּלִשְׁתִּים, Pəlīštīm; Koine Greek (LXX): Φυλιστιείμ, romanized: ''Phulistieím'') were an ancient people who lived on the south coast of Canaan from the 12th century BC until 604 BC, when ...
. Though outnumbered, has occasionally succeeded in denting the line, though not without damage to himself."
Honours
Sitwell was made a
Commander of the Order of the British Empire
The Most Excellent Order of the British Empire is a British order of chivalry, rewarding contributions to the arts and sciences, work with charitable and welfare organisations,
and public service outside the civil service. It was established o ...
(CBE) in 1956 and a
Companion of Honour
The Order of the Companions of Honour is an order of the Commonwealth realms. It was founded on 4 June 1917 by King George V as a reward for outstanding achievements. Founded on the same date as the Order of the British Empire, it is sometimes ...
(CH) in 1958.
[
]
Baronetcy
After Sitwell's father died, in 1943, Osbert succeeded to the baronet
A baronet ( or ; abbreviated Bart or Bt) or the female equivalent, a baronetess (, , or ; abbreviation Btss), is the holder of a baronetcy, a hereditary title awarded by the British Crown. The title of baronet is mentioned as early as the 14th ...
cy.
Death
Sitwell suffered from Parkinson's disease
Parkinson's disease (PD), or simply Parkinson's, is a long-term degenerative disorder of the central nervous system that mainly affects the motor system. The symptoms usually emerge slowly, and as the disease worsens, non-motor symptoms becom ...
from the 1950s; by the mid-1960s his condition had become so severe that he had to abandon writing. He died on 4 May 1969 in Italy, at Montegufoni, a castle near Florence
Florence ( ; it, Firenze ) is a city in Central Italy and the capital city of the Tuscany region. It is the most populated city in Tuscany, with 383,083 inhabitants in 2016, and over 1,520,000 in its metropolitan area.Bilancio demografico an ...
which his father had bought derelict in 1909 and restored as his personal residence.
The castle was left to his nephew, Reresby; his money was left to his brother Sacheverell. Sitwell was cremated and his ashes buried in the Cimitero Evangelico degli Allori
The Cimitero Evangelico agli Allori ("The Evangelical Cemetery at Laurels") is located in Florence, Italy, between 'Due Strade' and Galluzzo.
History
The small cemetery was opened in 1877 when the non-Catholic communities of Florence could no long ...
in Florence, together with a copy of his first novel, ''Before the Bombardment''.[Pearson, pp. 503-504]
Gallery of Montegufoni
File:III Castello di Montegufoni, Italy (2).jpg
File:III Castello di Montegufoni, Italy 2 (2).jpg
File:III Castello di Montegufoni, Italy 3 (2).jpg
File:III Castello di Montegufoni, Italy 6 (2).jpg
File:III Castello di Montegufoni, Italy 4 (2).jpg
File:III Castello di Montegufoni, Italy 5 (2).jpg
Select bibliography
* ''Triple Fugue'' (stories) (1924)
* ''Discursions on Travel, Art and Life'' (essays) (1925)
* ''Before the Bombardment'' (novel) (1926)
* ''The Man Who Lost Himself'' (novel) (1929)
* ''Dumb-Animal and Other Stories'' (1930)
* ''Collected Poems and Satires'' (1931)
* ''Winters of Content, More Discursions on Travel, Art and Life'' (1932)
* ''Dickens'' (1932)
* ''Miracles on Sinaï'' (novel) (1934)
* ''Penny Foolish: A Book of Tirades and Panegyrics'' (1935)
* ''Those Were the Days'' (novel) (1937)
* ''Escape With Me - An Oriental Sketch-book'' (travels, China) (1939)
* ''A Place of One's Own
''A Place of One's Own'' is a 1945 British film directed by Bernard Knowles. An atmospheric ghost story based on the 1940 novel of the same title by Osbert Sitwell, it stars James Mason, Barbara Mullen, Margaret Lockwood, Dennis Price and Dulc ...
'' (novel) (1940)
* ''Selected Poems'' (1943)
* ''Left Hand! Right Hand!'' (autobiography, vol. 1) (1944)
* ''Sing High, Sing Low'' (essays) (1944)
* ''The Scarlet Tree'' (autobiography, vol. 2) (1946)
* ''Four Songs of the Italian Earth'' (1948)
* ''Great Morning'' (autobiography, vol. 3) (1947)
* ''Laughter in the Next Room'' (autobiography, vol. 4) (1948)
* ''The Death of a God and Other Stories'' (1949)
* ''Noble Essences'' (autobiography, vol. 5) (1950)
* ''Tales My Father Taught Me'' (1962)
* ''Pound Wise'' (final complete work) (1963)
* ''Wrack at Tidesend (Poetry) (1954)
References
Notes
Sources
* Sitwell, Osbert, ''Rat Week: An Essay on the Abdication'', Michael Joseph, 1986,
* Pearson, John, ''Foreword'' to ''Rat Week'' by Osbert Sitwell, Michael Joseph, 1986,
External links
*
Osbert Sitwell Collection
at the Harry Ransom Humanities Research Center
The Harry Ransom Center (until 1983 the Humanities Research Center) is an archive, library and museum at the University of Texas at Austin, specializing in the collection of literary and cultural artifacts from the Americas and Europe for the pur ...
*
*Works b
Osbert Sitwell
at Project Gutenberg
Project Gutenberg (PG) is a Virtual volunteering, volunteer effort to digitize and archive cultural works, as well as to "encourage the creation and distribution of eBooks."
It was founded in 1971 by American writer Michael S. Hart and is the ...
{{DEFAULTSORT:Sitwell, Osbert
1892 births
1969 deaths
Baronets in the Baronetage of the United Kingdom
British Army personnel of World War I
English expatriates in Italy
English memoirists
English gay writers
Grenadier Guards officers
People educated at Eton College
People educated at Ludgrove School
People from Scarborough, North Yorkshire
English LGBT poets
English LGBT novelists
LGBT memoirists
Liberal Party (UK) parliamentary candidates
LGBT politicians from England
Sherwood Rangers Yeomanry officers
British male poets
English male novelists
20th-century English poets
20th-century English novelists
Osbert Osbert is a male given name and a surname.
It may refer to: Osbert , a novel by R.A. Currier
Given name
*Osbert or Osberht of Northumbria (died 867), King of Northumbria
*Osbert or Osbeorn Bulax (died c. 1054), son of Siward, Earl of Northumbr ...
20th-century English male writers
English male non-fiction writers
20th-century LGBT people
Commanders of the Order of the British Empire
Members of the Order of the Companions of Honour