![LuptonHouseBrixhamDevon](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/ab/LuptonHouseBrixhamDevon.jpg)
Lupton is an historic
manor in the parish of
Brixham
Brixham is a coastal town and civil parish, the smallest and southernmost of the three main population centres (the others being Paignton and Torquay) on the coast of Torbay in the county of Devon, in the south-west of England. Commercial fish ...
, Devon. The surviving
manor house
A manor house was historically the main residence of the lord of the manor. The house formed the administrative centre of a manor in the European feudal system; within its great hall were held the lord's manorial courts, communal meals w ...
known as Lupton House, is a
Palladian
Palladian architecture is a European architectural style derived from the work of the Venetian architect Andrea Palladio (1508–1580). What is today recognised as Palladian architecture evolved from his concepts of symmetry, perspective and ...
Country house
An English country house is a large house or mansion in the English countryside. Such houses were often owned by individuals who also owned a town house. This allowed them to spend time in the country and in the city—hence, for these peopl ...
built by Charles II Hayne (1747–1821),
Pevsner, Nikolaus
Sir Nikolaus Bernhard Leon Pevsner (30 January 1902 – 18 August 1983) was a German-British art historian and architectural historian best known for his monumental 46-volume series of county-by-county guides, ''The Buildings of England'' (19 ...
& Cherry, Bridget, ''The Buildings of England: Devon, London'', 2004, pp. 829, 833 Sheriff of Devon
The High Sheriff of Devon is the Queen's representative for the County of Devon, a territory known as his/her bailiwick. Selected from three nominated people, they hold the office for one year. They have judicial, ceremonial and administrative f ...
in 1772 and Colonel of the
North Devon Militia
The North Devon Militia, later the Devon Artillery Militia, was a part-time military unit in the maritime county of Devonshire in the West of England. The Militia had always been important in the county, which was vulnerable to invasion, and from ...
. It received a
Grade II* listing in 1949. The park and gardens are Grade II* listed in the
National Register of Historic Parks and Gardens
The Register of Historic Parks and Gardens of Special Historic Interest in England provides a listing and classification system for historic parks and gardens similar to that used for listed buildings. The register is managed by Historic England ...
.
At some time before 1792 it was sold by Charles II Hayne, who had only lived in his new house for about twenty years, to the judge
Sir Francis Buller, 1st Baronet
Sir Francis Buller, 1st Baronet (17 March 1746 – 5 June 1800) of Churston Court in the parish of Churston Ferrers, of nearby Lupton, Brixham, Lupton in the parish of Brixham, and of Prince Hall on Dartmoor, all in Devon, was an English jud ...
(1746–1800), of nearby
Churston Court
Churston Court is the manor house of the former manor of Churston Ferrers (anciently ''Cercetone'' (Domesday Book, 1086), ''Churecheton'' ( Book of Fees, 13th c.), ''Churchstow'', ''Churchton'', ''Churchston'', etc.), near Brixham in Devon ...
, which he let to a tenant. Judge Buller had another residence, on bleak
Dartmoor
Dartmoor is an upland area in southern Devon, England. The moorland and surrounding land has been protected by National Park status since 1951. Dartmoor National Park covers .
The granite which forms the uplands dates from the Carboniferous ...
, known as Prince Hall, where he was a pioneer of moorland reclamation. In about 1840 the house was remodelled in the
neo-classical style by his grandson,
Sir John Yarde-Buller, 3rd Baronet (1799–1871; created
Baron Churston
Baron Churston, of Churston Ferrers and Lupton in the County of Devon, is a title in the Peerage of the United Kingdom. It was created in 1858 for the former Conservative Member of Parliament, Sir John Yarde, 3rd Baronet. He had earlier repr ...
of
Churston Ferrers
Churston Ferrers is an area and former civil parish, in the borough of Torbay, Devon, England, situated between the south coast towns of Paignton and Brixham. Today it is administered by local government as the Churston-with-Galmpton ward of th ...
and Lupton in 1858), to the designs of
George Wightwick
George Wightwick (26 August 1802 – 9 July 1872) was a British architect based in Plymouth, and possibly the first architectural journalist.
In addition to his architectural practice, he developed his skills and the market for architectural ...
. In 1862 further alterations, since demolished, were made to the designs of
Anthony Salvin
Anthony Salvin (17 October 1799 – 17 December 1881) was an English architect. He gained a reputation as an expert on medieval buildings and applied this expertise to his new buildings and his restorations. He restored castles and country ho ...
,
who in 1826 had designed
Mamhead House
Mamhead House, Mamhead, Devon, is a country house dating from 1827. Its origins are older but the present building was constructed for Robert William Newman, an Exeter merchant, in 1827–1833 by Anthony Salvin. The house is Grade I listed as Daw ...
for the first baron's father-in-law, Sir Robert William Newman.
Descent of the manor
Domesday Book
The
manor of Lupton was listed as ''Lochetone'' in the
Domesday Book
Domesday Book () – the Middle English spelling of "Doomsday Book" – is a manuscript record of the "Great Survey" of much of England and parts of Wales completed in 1086 by order of King William I, known as William the Conqueror. The manusc ...
of 1087 and formed one of the 107 Devonshire holdings of
Juhel of Totnes
Juhel de Totnes (died 1123/30) (''alias'' Juhel fitz Alfred, Juhel de Mayenne, Judel, Judhel, Judael, Judhael, Joel, Judhel de Totenais), Latinised to Judhellus filius Aluredi, "Juhel son of Alured") was a soldier and supporter of William the Con ...
, within his
feudal barony
A feudal baron is a vassal holding a heritable fief called a ''barony'', comprising a specific portion of land, granted by an overlord in return for allegiance and service. Following the end of European feudalism, feudal baronies have largely been ...
of
Totnes
Totnes ( or ) is a market town and civil parishes in England, civil parish at the head of the estuary of the River Dart in Devon, England, within the South Devon Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty. It is about west of Paignton, about west-so ...
. Before the
Norman Conquest
The Norman Conquest (or the Conquest) was the 11th-century invasion and occupation of England by an army made up of thousands of Norman, Breton, Flemish, and French troops, all led by the Duke of Normandy, later styled William the Conque ...
of 1066 it was held by the
Saxon
The Saxons ( la, Saxones, german: Sachsen, ang, Seaxan, osx, Sahson, nds, Sassen, nl, Saksen) were a group of Germanic
*
*
*
*
peoples whose name was given in the early Middle Ages to a large country (Old Saxony, la, Saxonia) near the Nor ...
''Otre'' (''Othere'').
Peverell/Pennells
![Peniles OfLuptonDevon Arms](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/68/Peniles_OfLuptonDevon_Arms.png)
Lupton later became a seat of the Peverell family, which according to the Devon historian
Tristram Risdon
Tristram Risdon (c. 1580 – 1640) was an English antiquarian and topographer, and the author of ''Survey of the County of Devon''. He was able to devote most of his life to writing this work. After he completed it in about 1632 it circulated ar ...
(d. 1640) occupied it for ten generations.
Pole
Pole may refer to:
Astronomy
*Celestial pole, the projection of the planet Earth's axis of rotation onto the celestial sphere; also applies to the axis of rotation of other planets
*Pole star, a visible star that is approximately aligned with the ...
(d.1635) called this family "Peniles" of "Luckton (which) lieth in this parish of Brixham".
Vivian (1895) called them "Pennells".
[Vivian, Lt. Col. J.L., (ed.), ''The Visitations of the County of Devon: Comprising the Heralds' Visitations of 1531, 1564 & 1620'', Exeter, 1895, pedigree of Upton, pp. 743-744] John Peverell (''alias'' Pennells, Peniles, etc.) was the last of the male line and his heir was his sister, Agnes Peverell (or Pennells, etc.), wife of John Upton of
Puslinch,
the descendants from which marriage thus inherited the manor. Pole gave the arms of "Peniles of Luckton" as "Argent, on a chevron azure three fishes or". These arms are visible as the 4th of 8 quarterings of the arms of Sir
William Strode
William Strode (1598 – 9 September 1645) was an English politician who sat in the House of Commons variously between 1624 and 1645. He was one of the Five Members whose impeachment and attempted unconstitutional arrest by King Charles I in ...
(1562–1637) of
Newnham on his mural monument in St Mary's Church,
Plympton St Mary
Plympton is a suburb of the city of Plymouth in Devon, England. It is in origin an ancient stannary town. It was an important trading centre for locally mined tin, and a seaport before the River Plym silted up and trade moved down river to Ply ...
.
Upton
![UptonArms](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/af/UptonArms.png)
The ancient family of Upton originated at the Cornish manor of
Upton.
A notable member of this family was
Nicholas Upton (1400? – 1457), English cleric, precentor of Salisbury, and writer on heraldry and the art of war.
*John Upton of
Puslinch, Devon
Puslinch is a small but ancient rural locality to the south of Yealmpton village in the South Hams district of the county of Devon, England. The name Puslich or Posylynch means "Pugh's land".
Its most famous landmark is Puslinch House, a Georg ...
, married Agnes Peverell (or Pennells), heiress of Lupton.
*William Upton (son), married Joan Punt, daughter of John Punt of Derby.
*John Upton (d.1582), son, married Johana Raleigh, a daughter of Wymond Raleigh of Fardell in the parish of
Cornwood
Cornwood is a village and civil parish in the South Hams in Devon, England. The parish has a population of 988. The village is part of the electoral ward called ''Cornwood'' and Sparkwell. The ward population at the 2011 census was 2,321.
Blach ...
, Devon, and an aunt of Sir
Walter Raleigh
Sir Walter Raleigh (; – 29 October 1618) was an English statesman, soldier, writer and explorer. One of the most notable figures of the Elizabethan era, he played a leading part in English colonisation of North America, suppressed rebellion ...
(c.1554-1618), the famous explorer.
*John Upton (d. 1600), son, married Anne Cooper (d. 1573), daughter of Cooper of Somerset.
*Arthur Upton (son), married in 1585 Gertrude Fortescue (d. 1598) of
Filleigh
Filleigh is a small village, civil parish and former manor in North Devon, on the southern edge of Exmoor, west of South Molton. The village centre's street was, until the 1980s opening of the North Devon Link Road, the main highway between ...
.
*
John Upton (1590-1641; 3rd surviving son and heir),
MP for
Dartmouth, married in 1613 Dorothy Rous (or Rowse) (d. 1644), a daughter of Sir Anthony Rous (c. 1555–1620), MP, of
Halton Barton
Halton Barton is a farm in the parish of St Dominic in Cornwall, England.
See also
* List of farms in Cornwall
This is a list of farms in Cornwall. Cornwall is a ceremonial county and unitary authority area of England within the United Kin ...
(one of Cornwall's richest residents)and sister of
Francis Rous
Francis Rous, also spelled Rouse (c. 1581 to 1659), was an English politician and Puritan religious author, who was Provost of Eton from 1644 to 1659, and briefly Speaker of the House of Commons in 1653.
Stepbrother of Parliamentary leader Joh ...
(1579-1659), MP and theologian.
*
Arthur Upton (1614-1662) (son), a
Member of Parliament
A member of parliament (MP) is the representative in parliament of the people who live in their electoral district. In many countries with bicameral parliaments, this term refers only to members of the lower house since upper house members of ...
for
Devon
Devon ( , historically known as Devonshire , ) is a ceremonial and non-metropolitan county in South West England. The most populous settlement in Devon is the city of Plymouth, followed by Devon's county town, the city of Exeter. Devon is ...
in 1654 and 1656 during the Protectorate of
Oliver Cromwell
Oliver Cromwell (25 April 15993 September 1658) was an English politician and military officer who is widely regarded as one of the most important statesmen in English history. He came to prominence during the 1639 to 1651 Wars of the Three Ki ...
. In 1638 he married Elizabeth Gould (d. 1685), daughter of William Gould of
Floyer Hayes
Floyer Hayes was an historic manor in the parish of St Thomas on the southern side of the City of Exeter in Devon, England, from which city it is separated by the River Exe.Risdon, 1811 Additions, p.374 It took its name from the ancient fam ...
in the parish of St Thomas, Exeter, and widow of Robert Haydon (1604-1634) of
Cadhay
Cadhay is an historic estate in the parish of Ottery St Mary in Devon, England, east of Exeter and from the sea at Sidmouth. The mansion house known as Cadhay House, north-west of Ottery St Mary village, is a grade I listed Elizabethan bu ...
in the parish of
Ottery St Mary
Ottery St Mary, known as "Ottery", is a town and civil parish in the East Devon district of Devon, England, on the River Otter, about east of Exeter on the B3174. At the 2001 census, the parish, which includes the villages of Metcombe, Fair ...
, Devon.
*
John Upton (1639-1687), son, an
MP for
Dartmouth, who married Ursula Lytcott (d.1709), a daughter of Sir John Lytcott (died c.1645), of
East Molesey
Molesey is a district of two twin towns, East Molesey and West Molesey, in the Borough of Elmbridge, Surrey, England, and is situated on the south bank of the River Thames.
East and West Molesey share a high street, and there is a second retail ...
in Surrey and widow of George Clerk of the
City of London
The City of London is a city, ceremonial county and local government district that contains the historic centre and constitutes, alongside Canary Wharf, the primary central business district (CBD) of London. It constituted most of London fr ...
, merchant. She erected a monument to her husband in St Mary's Church, Brixham, which survives.
They had 3 sons two of whom died as infants, and one daughter who died aged 16, all of whom predeceased their father:
**Arthur I Upton (1666-1666), died an infant.
[Per father's monument]
**Arthur II Upton (1667-1680), died an infant.
**John Upton (1668-1686), died aged 18 at
Wadham College, Oxford
Wadham College () is one of the constituent colleges of the University of Oxford in the United Kingdom. It is located in the centre of Oxford, at the intersection of Broad Street and Parks Road.
Wadham College was founded in 1610 by Dorothy W ...
.
**Ursula Upton (1671-1687), died aged 16, 17 days before her father.
Hayne
![Hayne (ofLupton) Arms](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5f/Hayne_%28ofLupton%29_Arms.png)
Charles I Hayne (d.1769),
Sheriff of Devon
The High Sheriff of Devon is the Queen's representative for the County of Devon, a territory known as his/her bailiwick. Selected from three nominated people, they hold the office for one year. They have judicial, ceremonial and administrative f ...
and Colonel of the 4th Battalion
Devon Militia, of Lupton and Fuge House in the parish of
Blackawton
Blackawton is a village and civil parish in the South Hams district of Devon, England. According to the 2001 census, it had a population of 647. ''Blackawton'' is a major part of the West Dart electoral ward. The ward's population at the 2 ...
in Devon, was the eldest son and heir of Cornelius Hayne (d.1733) who had inherited Lupton from his Upton ancestors. His son and heir was Charles II Hayne (1747-1821),
Sheriff of Devon
The High Sheriff of Devon is the Queen's representative for the County of Devon, a territory known as his/her bailiwick. Selected from three nominated people, they hold the office for one year. They have judicial, ceremonial and administrative f ...
in 1772 and Colonel of the
North Devon Militia
The North Devon Militia, later the Devon Artillery Militia, was a part-time military unit in the maritime county of Devonshire in the West of England. The Militia had always been important in the county, which was vulnerable to invasion, and from ...
, who inherited from his father Lupton and Fuge. The Hayne family had come to prominence in the person of John Hayne (d.1671) (grandfather of Cornelius Hayne), a merchant at Dartmouth during the reign of King Charles I (1625-1649), who had "acquired by inheritance and purchase various properties in Devon".
[Burke, 1871, p.605]
Charles II Hayne was only 22 when he inherited Lupton in 1769 and he built Lupton House which largely survives today. He did not marry but lived there alone for about twenty years. In 1788 he sold Lupton to Judge Francis Buller and made Fuge House his principal residence. He died in 1821, having bequeathed Fuge House to his great-nephew Charles I Seale-Hayne (d.1842) (on condition he should adopt the additional surname of Hayne), the second son of
Sir John Henry Seale, 1st Baronet
Sir John Henry Seale, 1st Baronet (1780–1844) of Mount Boone in the parish of Townstal near Dartmouth in Devon, was a Whig Member of Parliament for Dartmouth in 1838. He was created a baronet on 31 July 1838. He owned substantial lands in ...
(1780–1844), of
Mount Boone, Dartmouth, the son of his sister Sarah Hayne.
The son of Charles I Seale-Hayne was
Charles II Seale-Hayne (1833-1903),
Member of Parliament
A member of parliament (MP) is the representative in parliament of the people who live in their electoral district. In many countries with bicameral parliaments, this term refers only to members of the lower house since upper house members of ...
for
Ashburton in
Devon
Devon ( , historically known as Devonshire , ) is a ceremonial and non-metropolitan county in South West England. The most populous settlement in Devon is the city of Plymouth, followed by Devon's county town, the city of Exeter. Devon is ...
(1885-1903) and
Paymaster-General
His Majesty's Paymaster General or HM Paymaster General is a ministerial position in the Cabinet Office of the United Kingdom. The incumbent Paymaster General is Jeremy Quin MP.
History
The post was created in 1836 by the merger of the posit ...
(1892-1895), who by his will founded
Seale-Hayne College
Seale-Hayne College was an agricultural college in Devon, England, which operated from 1919 to 2005. It was the only agricultural college in the United Kingdom whose buildings were purpose designed and built. It was located 3 miles from Newton ...
near
Newton Abbot
Newton Abbot is a market town and civil parish on the River Teign in the Teignbridge District of Devon, England. Its 2011 population of 24,029 was estimated to reach 26,655 in 2019. It grew rapidly in the Victorian era as the home of the Sou ...
in Devon.
Buller
![BullerArms](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e8/BullerArms.PNG)
The ancient family of Buller is descended from Ralph Buller of Word in Somerset, sixth in descent from whom was Richard Buller who settled in Cornwall and married the heiress of Tregarrick.
They derived much of their political power from their kinship to the
Trelawny family of
Trelawny in the parish of
Pelynt
Pelynt ( kw, Pluwnennys, Pluwnonna) is a civil parish and village in Cornwall, England, United Kingdom. It is 20 miles (32 km) west of Plymouth and four miles (6.5 km) west-northwest of Looe. Pelynt had a population of around 1,124 ...
, Cornwall, who controlled the
pocket borough
A rotten or pocket borough, also known as a nomination borough or proprietorial borough, was a parliamentary borough or constituency in England, Great Britain, or the United Kingdom before the Reform Act 1832, which had a very small electorat ...
of nearby
East Looe
East or Orient is one of the four cardinal directions or points of the compass. It is the opposite direction from west and is the direction from which the Sun rises on the Earth.
Etymology
As in other languages, the word is formed from the fac ...
.
John Buller (1632–1716), MP, of Shillingham near
Saltash
Saltash (Cornish: Essa) is a town and civil parish in south Cornwall, England, United Kingdom. It had a population of 16,184 in 2011 census. Saltash faces the city of Plymouth over the River Tamar and is popularly known as "the Gateway to Corn ...
, in Cornwall, married Anne Coode, daughter and sole heiress of John Coode of
Morval in Cornwall, which then became the family's principal seat.
Sir Francis Buller, 1st Baronet (1746-1800)
Sir Francis Buller, 1st Baronet
Sir Francis Buller, 1st Baronet (17 March 1746 – 5 June 1800) of Churston Court in the parish of Churston Ferrers, of nearby Lupton, Brixham, Lupton in the parish of Brixham, and of Prince Hall on Dartmoor, all in Devon, was an English jud ...
(1746-1800) "since the acquisition of so fine a place (i.e. Lupton) hath quitted Churston, the antient seat of the Yarde's", as wrote Rev.
John Swete
Rev. John Swete (born John Tripe) (baptised 13 August 1752 – 25 October 1821) of Oxton House, Kenton in Devon, was a clergyman, landowner, artist, antiquary, historian and topographer and author of the ''Picturesque Sketches of Devon'' consi ...
in 1793.
Churston Court
Churston Court is the manor house of the former manor of Churston Ferrers (anciently ''Cercetone'' (Domesday Book, 1086), ''Churecheton'' ( Book of Fees, 13th c.), ''Churchstow'', ''Churchton'', ''Churchston'', etc.), near Brixham in Devon ...
is about one mile north of Lupton, and long remained a possession of the Buller family after the purchase of Lupton. Sir Francis Buller was the third son of
James Buller (1717-1765) of
Morval in Cornwall and of
Downes, Crediton and of
New Place, King's Nympton in Devon, a
Member of Parliament
A member of parliament (MP) is the representative in parliament of the people who live in their electoral district. In many countries with bicameral parliaments, this term refers only to members of the lower house since upper house members of ...
for
East Looe
East or Orient is one of the four cardinal directions or points of the compass. It is the opposite direction from west and is the direction from which the Sun rises on the Earth.
Etymology
As in other languages, the word is formed from the fac ...
in Cornwall (1741-7) and for the County of
Cornwall
Cornwall (; kw, Kernow ) is a historic county and ceremonial county in South West England. It is recognised as one of the Celtic nations, and is the homeland of the Cornish people. Cornwall is bordered to the north and west by the Atlantic ...
(1748-1765). Francis Buller's mother was Lady Jane Bathurst, his father's second wife, a daughter of
Allen Bathurst, 1st Earl Bathurst
Allen Bathurst, 1st Earl Bathurst, (16 November 168416 September 1775), of Bathurst in the County of Sussex, known as The Lord Bathurst from 1712 to 1772, was a British Tory politician. Bathurst sat in the English and British House of Commons f ...
. Morval, the most ancient Buller seat, and Downes, were inherited by his father's eldest son from his first marriage, and thus Francis as a younger son, had to make his own fortune. The Buller family had a history of service in politics, church and law. Francis was an excellent student and at the age of seventeen he entered the
Inner Temple
The Honourable Society of the Inner Temple, commonly known as the Inner Temple, is one of the four Inns of Court and is a professional associations for barristers and judges. To be called to the Bar and practise as a barrister in England and Wal ...
to study law. In the same year he married Susanna Yarde, six years his senior, daughter and heiress of Francis Yarde of
Churston. He began practicing law aged 19 and was immediately successful. Aged 32, he became a judge and in 1789 he was made a
baronet
A baronet ( or ; abbreviated Bart or Bt) or the female equivalent, a baronetess (, , or ; abbreviation Btss), is the holder of a baronetcy, a hereditary title awarded by the British Crown. The title of baronet is mentioned as early as the 14th ...
. Judge Buller also had a residence on
Dartmoor
Dartmoor is an upland area in southern Devon, England. The moorland and surrounding land has been protected by National Park status since 1951. Dartmoor National Park covers .
The granite which forms the uplands dates from the Carboniferous ...
known as Prince Hall where he was a pioneer of moorland reclamation. In 1788 Francis bought Lupton House. He immediately began an extensive programme of planting and landscape improvement. The topographer and landscaping connoisseur Rev.
John Swete
Rev. John Swete (born John Tripe) (baptised 13 August 1752 – 25 October 1821) of Oxton House, Kenton in Devon, was a clergyman, landowner, artist, antiquary, historian and topographer and author of the ''Picturesque Sketches of Devon'' consi ...
visited the house in 1793 and painted the property as shown above. He noted that the north drive passed through 'newly planted grounds' and 'a most luxuriant shrubbery' which included a "great variety of flowering shrubs".
Sir Francis Buller-Yarde-Buller, 2nd Baronet (1767–1833)
Sir Francis Buller-Yarde-Buller, 2nd Baronet (1767–1833), son and heir, who inherited Lupton and Churston. He incorporated his mother's maiden name into his surname. He married Elizabeth Holliday, only daughter and sole heiress of
John Holliday. of
Dilhorne Hall
Dilhorne Hall located in Dilhorne, Staffordshire, England, was the ancestral home of the Buller family.
History
The Hall occupied an area of approximately four acres but was demolished in the 1920s. Dilhorne Hall was rebuilt in about 1830 by th ...
in the parish of
Dilhorne
Dilhorne is an ancient parish and village in Staffordshire, three miles from Cheadle and six miles from Stoke-on-Trent. The village is within the Staffordshire Moorlands area.
Historically the village has been in the Parish of Dilhorne and ...
,
Staffordshire
Staffordshire (; postal abbreviation Staffs.) is a landlocked county in the West Midlands region of England. It borders Cheshire to the northwest, Derbyshire and Leicestershire to the east, Warwickshire to the southeast, the West Midlands Cou ...
. The couple did not live at Lupton House and for some years it was let.
John Yarde-Buller, 1st Baron Churston (1799-1871)
John Yarde-Buller, 1st Baron Churston
John is a common English name and surname:
* John (given name)
* John (surname)
John may also refer to:
New Testament
Works
* Gospel of John, a title often shortened to John
* First Epistle of John, often shortened to 1 John
* Second ...
(1799-1871), son and heir, 3rd Baronet, in 1858 created
Baron Churston
Baron Churston, of Churston Ferrers and Lupton in the County of Devon, is a title in the Peerage of the United Kingdom. It was created in 1858 for the former Conservative Member of Parliament, Sir John Yarde, 3rd Baronet. He had earlier repr ...
"of Churston-Ferrers and Lupton, Devon",
In 1833 he inherited Lupton house and some years later made extensive improvements to Lupton House and gardens, to the designs of
George Wightwick
George Wightwick (26 August 1802 – 9 July 1872) was a British architect based in Plymouth, and possibly the first architectural journalist.
In addition to his architectural practice, he developed his skills and the market for architectural ...
. In 1860 by royal licence he dropped the first "Buller" from the family surname.
He was born in 1799 in
Staffordshire
Staffordshire (; postal abbreviation Staffs.) is a landlocked county in the West Midlands region of England. It borders Cheshire to the northwest, Derbyshire and Leicestershire to the east, Warwickshire to the southeast, the West Midlands Cou ...
and was educated at
Oxford
Oxford () is a city in England. It is the county town and only city of Oxfordshire. In 2020, its population was estimated at 151,584. It is north-west of London, south-east of Birmingham and north-east of Bristol. The city is home to the ...
. In 1834 he was elected as
Member of Parliament
A member of parliament (MP) is the representative in parliament of the people who live in their electoral district. In many countries with bicameral parliaments, this term refers only to members of the lower house since upper house members of ...
for South Devon, which seat he held for about 20 years. In 1823 he married Elizabeth Wilson-Patten, a daughter of Thomas Wilson-Pattern, a wealthy land owner, and sister of
John Wilson-Patten, 1st Baron Winmarleigh
John Wilson-Patten, 1st Baron Winmarleigh PC (26 April 1802 – 11 July 1892) was a British Conservative politician.
Background and education
Winmarleigh was the second son of Thomas Wilson (formerly Patten) of Warrington, Lancashire, and El ...
. By his wife he had two children John and Bertha.
A notice appeared in 1841 in a local newspaper;
''“The recent alterations and improvements at Lupton, the splendid residence of Sir J Yarde Buller having been completed the Honourable Baronet has again returned to it with all of his establishment."''
These alterations were designed by
George Wightwick
George Wightwick (26 August 1802 – 9 July 1872) was a British architect based in Plymouth, and possibly the first architectural journalist.
In addition to his architectural practice, he developed his skills and the market for architectural ...
, a well-known architect. Twenty six plans survive of the additions he made to the house. The main entrance was moved from the south to the west side and a Doric
porte-cochere was added. A Tudor Gothic lodge was also added. At the same time formal gardens and terraces were constructed to the south and east of the house. A new south drive was constructed, and cedars and pines were planted in the park.
Wightwick also designed the stables, conservatory and kennels as surviving plans reveal. At about the same time the artist
Samuel Cook was commission to paint murals on the walls of the staircase of views immediately outside the house. Further remodeling of the house was made by the 1st Baron in 1860 when he commissioned
Anthony Salvin
Anthony Salvin (17 October 1799 – 17 December 1881) was an English architect. He gained a reputation as an expert on medieval buildings and applied this expertise to his new buildings and his restorations. He restored castles and country ho ...
to make more additions.
It seems that two famous designers were involved in the laying out of Lupton Gardens in 1840, namely
James Veitch and
George Wightwick
George Wightwick (26 August 1802 – 9 July 1872) was a British architect based in Plymouth, and possibly the first architectural journalist.
In addition to his architectural practice, he developed his skills and the market for architectural ...
. The Italian gardens appear to have been at least partially designed by George Wightwick as a detailed coloured plan survives in his portfolio entitled: "Design for the Italian gardens, Lupton House, near Brixham: general plan and elevation and section of balustrade on its dwarf wall".
![Ordnance Survey Lupton House 1869](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/bb/Ordnance_Survey_Lupton_House_1869.jpg)
A very detailed description of the whole garden was given in the ''Gardeners Chronicle and Agricultural Gazette'' in 1869. This article states that
James Veitch designed the gardens, road and the kitchen garden. Some of the highlights of the garden outlined in this two part magazine feature are as follows:
:''"The garden is bounded and likewise partially divided round the centre with a strong balustraded wall furnished with iron supports and chains drooping between the uprights. These chains prove capital training places for creepers and are well covered. The whole garden is carried out on a level with the base of the mansion. It is laid out on a solid basis of gravel and granite walks, the chief paths being edged with stone. The figure is very simple – a square cut into two by a centre walk which converges upon a fountain, the fountain itself being picked out upon the inner line of the semicircle that completes the boundary of the garden. The secondary arrangements as they may be termed or the dividing of these spaces into beds harmonise well with the general outline, architectural position and character of the garden."''
The second part of the feature describes the kitchen garden as follows:
:''"The garden is divided into two portions – the fruit garden and the vegetable garden; good wide slips of ground are also carried all round outside the walls for cultural purposes and a nice young orchard of thriving trees occupies a space between the garden and a public road. The ground in the fruit garden has been made almost if not quite level that in th vegetable garden has a regular and even fall. Immense quantities of earth had to be moved to secure these forms of surface and it was turned to account thus:- At the boundary of the fruit garden a thick retaining wall was built; in front of this the back wall for a range of glass running right across the garden was built leaving room for fruit rooms, sheds stoke holes etc. between the two walls. All the spare earth was thus used to fill up the space between the two walls and to carry a terrace walk right across the garden, eight or ten feet above the vegetable ground."''
The 1st Baron died in 1871 and was succeeded by his grandson in the title and properties, as his only son had predeceased him.
John Yarde-Buller, 2nd Baron Churston (1846–1910)
John Yarde-Buller, 2nd Baron Churston
John Yarde-Buller, 2nd Baron Churston (26 October 1846 – 19 April 1910) was a British peer and soldier.
The elder son of the Hon. John Yarde-Buller (eldest son of John Yarde-Buller, 1st Baron Churston) and of Charlotte, a daughter of Edward Sac ...
(1846–1910), grandson and heir, who inherited Lupton on the death of his grandfather the 1st Baron in 1871. He owned Lupton for about 40 years until his death in 1910. He was born in 1846 and until his inheritance served in the Scots Guards. After he inherited the title in 1871 he resigned from the military and concentrated on his estates. He married Barbara Yelverton, a daughter of Admiral Sir Hastings Reginald Yelverton, by whom he had three children, the youngest of whom, Giles Yarde-Buller, died of pneumonia at Lupton House in 1900, aged 24.
He became interested in local community affairs and was President of the Churston Cricket Club and Torquay Club and it was mainly through his efforts that the Churston Golf Club was established. He was also a keen yachtsman and belonged to the Royal Yacht Squadron. He was a friend of the Duke and Duchess of York (later King George and Queen Mary) and was a member of the house party that entertained them at
Ugbrooke
Ugbrooke House is a stately home in the parish of Chudleigh, Devon, England, situated in a valley between Exeter and Newton Abbot. The home of the Clifford family, the house and grounds are available for guided tours in summer and as an event ...
Park when they visited Devon in 1899. He died in 1910 and was succeeded in the title and estates by his son, John Reginald Lopes Yarde-Buller.
John Reginald Lopes Yarde-Buller, 3rd Baron Churston (1873–1930)
John Reginald Lopes Yarde-Buller, 3rd Baron Churston (1873–1930), son and heir, who was born in 1873 and was educated at
Winchester College
Winchester College is a public school (fee-charging independent day and boarding school) in Winchester, Hampshire, England. It was founded by William of Wykeham in 1382 and has existed in its present location ever since. It is the oldest of the ...
and later served for many years in the
Scots Guards
The Scots Guards (SG) is one of the five Foot Guards regiments of the British Army. Its origins are as the personal bodyguard of King Charles I of England and Scotland. Its lineage can be traced back to 1642, although it was only placed on the ...
. He served in the
Boer War
The Second Boer War ( af, Tweede Vryheidsoorlog, , 11 October 189931 May 1902), also known as the Boer War, the Anglo–Boer War, or the South African War, was a conflict fought between the British Empire and the two Boer Republics (the Sou ...
and was awarded the Queen's Medal. Later he was Aide-de Camp to the
Viceroy of India
The Governor-General of India (1773–1950, from 1858 to 1947 the Viceroy and Governor-General of India, commonly shortened to Viceroy of India) was the representative of the monarch of the United Kingdom and after Indian independence in 19 ...
and to
Prince Arthur Prince Arthur may refer to:
* Arthur I, Duke of Brittany (1187-1203), nephew and possible heir of Richard I of England
* Arthur, Prince of Wales (1486–1502), eldest son Henry VII of England
* Prince Arthur, Duke of Connaught and Strathearn (1850â ...
, 1st Duke of Connaught and Strathearn (1850–1942).
In 1907 at the age of 36 he married Jessie Smither, an actress whose stage name was
Denise Orme
Jessie Smither, Duchess of Leinster (25 August 1885 – 20 October 1960),Burke's Peerage, Baronetage and Knightage, 107th edition, vol. 2, ed. Charles Mosley, Burke's Peerage Ltd (2003), p. 2300 known by her stage name Denise Orme, was ...
. Three years later in 1910 after the death of his father, he inherited Lupton House. The 3rd Baron had six children, including
Joan Yarde-Buller
{{Infobox noble, type
, name = Joan Yarde-Buller
, title = Viscountess CamrosePrincess Tajuddawlah Aga Khan The Hon. Mrs. Guinness
, image = Joan Yarde-Buller.jpg
, caption =
, alt ...
, who in 1936 married
Prince Aly Khan
Prince Ali Salman Aga Khan (13 June 1911 – 12 May 1960), known as Aly Khan, was a Pakistani diplomat of Iranian and Italian descent. He was the son of the Aga Khan III, and the father of Aga Khan IV.
A socialite, racehorse owner and jockey, ...
in Paris. In 1926 a major fire damaged Lupton House and resulted in the removal of the third floor. Much of the fine paneling and decorative plasterwork were lost. He died in 1930 and was succeeded in the title and estates by his son, Richard Yarde-Buller.
Richard Francis Roger Yarde-Buller, 4th Baron Churston (1910–1991)
Richard Francis Roger Yarde-Buller, 4th Baron Churston (1910–1991), son and heir, who owned Lupton until 1960 during most of which time it was let as he did not live there. In 1943 during
World War II
World War II or the Second World War, often abbreviated as WWII or WW2, was a world war that lasted from 1939 to 1945. It involved the vast majority of the world's countries—including all of the great powers—forming two opposin ...
both the house and estate were requisitioned by the military. The estate played a major role in the support and training of the U.S. Infantry in their preparations for
Operation Overlord
Operation Overlord was the codename for the Battle of Normandy, the Allies of World War II, Allied operation that launched the successful invasion of German-occupied Western Front (World War II), Western Europe during World War II. The operat ...
and the
D-Day
The Normandy landings were the landing operations and associated airborne operations on Tuesday, 6 June 1944 of the Allied invasion of Normandy in Operation Overlord during World War II. Codenamed Operation Neptune and often referred to as D ...
landings.
Modern history
In 1926 much of the interior was destroyed by fire, and the house was rebuilt, but with the top floor omitted.
During
World War II
World War II or the Second World War, often abbreviated as WWII or WW2, was a world war that lasted from 1939 to 1945. It involved the vast majority of the world's countries—including all of the great powers—forming two opposin ...
the house and grounds were used by American forces. Following the war it became a hotel and then housed successively three schools, Fenton School, Lupton House School, and, between 1990 and 2004, Gramercy Hall School.
In 1960 the property was acquired by Rowland Smith (d. 1979), proprietor of Rowland Smith Motors in Hampstead, North London, and of the Palace Hotel in Torquay, and who in 1949 had purchased as his country residence nearby
Coleton Fishacre
Coleton Fishacre is a property consisting of a garden and a house in the Arts and Crafts style, near Kingswear in Devon, England. The property has been in the ownership of the National Trust since 1982.
The House
The house at Coleton Fishacre ...
House, now owned by the National Trust.
In 2008 the Lupton Trust was established which currently uses the house and grounds for a variety of commercial activities, mainly concerning community groups, charities and social enterprises, all designed to assist in financing a restoration.
"The Project"
discoverlupton.com; accessed 19 April 2014.
References
External links
Lupton House profile
britishlistedbuildings.co.uk
Lupton House listing
English Heritage website
{{coord, 50.3847, -3.5449, type:landmark_region:GB_dim:2000, display=title
Country houses in Devon
Grade II* listed buildings in Devon
Grade II* listed houses
Grade II* listed parks and gardens in Devon
Palladian architecture
Former manors in Devon