Sir Adam Fergusson, 3rd Baronet of Kilkerran,

FRSE Fellowship of the Royal Society of Edinburgh (FRSE) is an award granted to individuals that the Royal Society of Edinburgh, Scotland's national academy of science and Literature, letters, judged to be "eminently distinguished in their subject". ...

LLD (7 May 1733 – 25 September 1813) was a Scottish advocate, politician and slave-owner. He was described as able but humourless. Together with contemporaries such as Robert Dundas he was part of what was called the Scotch Ministry in parliament in the late 18th century. He was joint owner, with his brothers and members of the Hunter-Blair family, of plantations in Tobago and Jamaica and of several hundred enslaved African people. Dr Samuel Johnson described him as "a vile Whig" however his friend

James Boswell James Boswell, 9th Laird of Auchinleck (; 29 October 1740 ( N.S.) – 19 May 1795), was a Scottish biographer, diarist, and lawyer, born in Edinburgh. He is best known for his biography of the English writer Samuel Johnson, '' Life of Samuel ...

was less condemning, saying "few people were but mixed character, like a candle: half wax, half tallow- but Sir Adam Fergusson was all wax, with a pure taper, whom you may light and set upon any lady’s table".

Robert Burns Robert Burns (25 January 1759 – 21 July 1796), also known familiarly as Rabbie Burns, was a Scottish poet and lyricist. He is widely regarded as the List of national poets, national poet of Scotland and is celebrated worldwide. He is the be ...

who knew Fergusson through his Ayr connections, called him "the oath-detesting, chaste, Kilkerran". Boswell described him as "his excellent friend".

Life

He was born in

Ayrshire Ayrshire (, ) is a Counties of Scotland, historic county and registration county, in south-west Scotland, located on the shores of the Firth of Clyde. The lieutenancy areas of Scotland, lieutenancy area of Ayrshire and Arran covers the entirety ...

on 7 May 1733, the oldest surviving son of Lady Jean Maitland, daughter of Viscount Maitland, and

Sir James Fergusson, 2nd Baronet Sir James Fergusson of Kilkerran, 2nd Baronet, Lord Kilkerran (1688–1759) was a Scottish judge. Biography Fergusson was the eldest son of Sir John Fergusson, 1st Baronet, of Kilkerran (whom he succeeded to the Fergusson baronets, Fergusson Ba ...

. His younger brother was George Fergusson. He attended

Maybole Maybole (, ) is a town and former burgh of barony and police burgh in South Ayrshire, Scotland. It had an estimated population of in . It is situated south of Ayr and southwest of Glasgow by the Glasgow and South Western Railway. The town is ...

School before studying law at the

University of Edinburgh The University of Edinburgh (, ; abbreviated as ''Edin.'' in Post-nominal letters, post-nominals) is a Public university, public research university based in Edinburgh, Scotland. Founded by the City of Edinburgh Council, town council under th ...

, qualifying as an advocate in 1755. He then spent a year in

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doing further legal studies before undertaking a Grand Tour of Europe as was the fashion of the day, 1757-58. In 1759, his father died and he inherited his estates and baronetcy. At this point, he and his friend George Dempster of Dunnichen both decided to go into politics. Fergusson stood for the Ayr Burghs against Patrick Craufurd. His youth (26 years old) did not stand him in good stead, and he was forced to withdraw 10 days before the election, much to his embarrassment. This experience jaded him against politics for a few years. As an advocate he won fame in pursuing the young Countess of Sutherland’s claims to the peerage. In 1774 he re-entered politics with a somewhat ironic slogan of being "a champion of the county against aristocratic influence" (referring to more senior members of the aristocracy rather than himself). In this venture he was backed by the Lord President, Robert Dundas and his brother

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. They provided a fall-back position of standing for the Linlithgow Burghs should he not win

but this proved unnecessary as he won the Ayrshire seat. His first recorded speech in Parliament was on 26 October 1775 when he spoke out advocating strong measures be taken against the

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. On 24 November 1775, he seemed to sway in the other direction, insisting that the government consult parliament before sending Hanoverian troops to either

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. His interests focussed upon topics such as the Scottish Militia and subjects such as the bill to curtail adultery in 1779. In 1779 he also spoke against

Henry Cavendish Henry Cavendish ( ; 10 October 1731 – 24 February 1810) was an English experimental and theoretical chemist and physicist. He is noted for his discovery of hydrogen, which he termed "inflammable air". He described the density of inflammable a ...

in his proposal to remove troops from America to concentrate on the wars with France. He was re-elected on petition for Ayrshire in 1781, winning against the peers’ choice of Hugh Montgomerie. In this second session he was more trusted and selected for a secret committee to investigate the cause of the wars in the

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of southern

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. In July he was given an important place on the Board of Trade. He was a strong but silent supporter of

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. In further years he spoke against the turnpike taxes in their impact upon Scotland, and the curious bills prohibiting the growth of tobacco in Britain, and taxing soap. He later supported Pitt, but criticised delays in the passing of the Mutiny Bill. In 1796 he voted in Parliament against the abolition of the slave trade. Fergusson was a partner of the disastrous bank Douglas, Heron & Company. In 1783 he was a founding member of the

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and in 1786 founded the British Fishery Society. At the next election in August 1784, by agreement with Dundas and others, he stood down in Ayrshire to allow Hugh Montgomerie success, and instead was offered James Hunter Blair’s seat in

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. However, he received no office in this new role. He voted for Parliamentary Reform in 1785. His period as an Edinburgh MP was relatively silent. In 1790 he returned as an MP for Ayrshire. In 1791, Pitt suggested him as Surveyor of Crown Lands to the King but this was not accepted. His health was failing and he spoke little. He did not seek re-election in 1796. In 1796 he unsuccessfully claimed the title of

Earl of Glencairn Earl of Glencairn was a title in the Peerage of Scotland. King James III of Scotland, James III created the title in 1488 by royal charter for Alexander Cunningham, 1st Earl of Glencairn, Alexander Cunningham, 1st Lord Kilmaurs. He held the e ...

(through his mother’s lineage). He spent his final years as an advocate. He died on 25 September 1813. He never married.

References

{{DEFAULTSORT:Fergusson, Adam 1733 births 1813 deaths Nobility from South Ayrshire Alumni of the University of Edinburgh Scottish politicians Members of the Parliament of Great Britain for Scottish constituencies British MPs 1774–1780 British MPs 1780–1784 British MPs 1784–1790 British MPs 1790–1796

Adam Adam is the name given in Genesis 1–5 to the first human. Adam is the first human-being aware of God, and features as such in various belief systems (including Judaism, Christianity, Gnosticism and Islam). According to Christianity, Adam ...

3 Fellows of the Royal Society of Edinburgh