''Simpsonichthys'' is a

genus Genus ( plural genera ) is a taxonomic rank used in the biological classification of living and fossil organisms as well as viruses. In the hierarchy of biological classification, genus comes above species and below family. In binomial nom ...

killifish A killifish is any of various oviparous (egg-laying) cyprinodontiform fish (including families Aplocheilidae, Cyprinodontidae, Fundulidae, Profundulidae and Valenciidae). All together, there are 1,270 species of killifish, the biggest family ...

from the

family Family (from la, familia) is a group of people related either by consanguinity (by recognized birth) or affinity (by marriage or other relationship). The purpose of the family is to maintain the well-being of its members and of society. Idea ...

Rivulidae The Rivulidae are a family of killifishes in the order Cyprinodontiformes. They are commonly known as rivulids, South American killifish or New World killifish. The latter names are slightly misleading, however, as they are neither restricted to ...

the species of which are

endemic Endemism is the state of a species being found in a single defined geographic location, such as an island, state, nation, country or other defined zone; organisms that are indigenous to a place are not endemic to it if they are also found else ...

to temporary freshwater habitats like ponds in the upper Paraná, upper Araguaia, upper

Jequitinhonha Jequitinhonha is a Brazilian municipality located in the northeast of the state of Minas Gerais. Location The population was estimated to be 25,474 people living in a total area of 3,518 km². The city belongs to the mesoregion of Jequitinh ...

and São Francisco basins on the central

Brazilian Plateau The Brazilian Highlands or Brazilian Plateau ( pt, Planalto Brasileiro) are an extensive geographical region, covering most of the eastern, southern and central portions of Brazil, in all approximately half of the country's land area, or some 4,5 ...

. They are small annual

that reach up to in standard length.

Species

As delineated by Fishbase the following species are included within the genus ''Simpsonichthys'': * '' Simpsonichthys alternatus'' ( W. J. E. M. Costa & G. C. Brasil, 1994) * '' Simpsonichthys boitonei'' A. L. de Carvalho, 1959 (Lyrefin pearlfish) * '' Simpsonichthys bokermanni'' (Carvalho, da & Cruz, 1987) * '' Simpsonichthys cholopteryx'' W. J. E. M. Costa, C. L. R. Moreira & F. C. T. Lima, 2003 * '' Simpsonichthys constanciae'' ( G. S. Myers), 1942 (Featherfin pearlfish) * '' Simpsonichthys delucai'' Costa, 2003 * '' Simpsonichthys espinhacensis'' Nielsen, Pessali & Dutra, 2017 Abstract * '' Simpsonichthys fasciatus'' Costa & Brasil, 2006 * '' Simpsonichthys gibberatus'' Costa & Brasil, 2006 * '' Simpsonichthys margaritatus'' Costa, 2012 * '' Simpsonichthys marginatus'' Costa & Brasil, 1996 * '' Simpsonichthys multiradiatus'' Costa & Brasil, 1994 * '' Simpsonichthys nielseni'' Costa, 2005 * '' Simpsonichthys nigromaculatus'' Costa, 2007 * '' Simpsonichthys ocellatus'' Costa, Nielsen & de Luca 2001 * '' Simpsonichthys parallelus'' Costa, 2000 * '' Simpsonichthys perpendicularis'' Costa, Nielsen, de & Luca, 2001 * '' Simpsonichthys punctulatus'' Costa & Brasil, 2007 * '' Simpsonichthys rosaceus'' Costa, Nielsen, de & Luca, 2001 * '' Simpsonichthys rufus'' Costa, Nielsen, de & Luca, 2001 * '' Simpsonichthys santanae'' ( Shibatta & Garavello, 1992) * '' Simpsonichthys similis'' Costa & Hellner, 1999 * '' Simpsonichthys stellatus'' (Costa & Brasil, 1994) * '' Simpsonichthys suzarti'' ''Costa, 2004'' * '' Simpsonichthys trilineatus'' (Costa & Brasil, 1994) * '' Simpsonichthys virgulatus'' (Costa & Brasil, 2006) * '' Simpsonichthys zonatus'' (Costa & Brasil, 1990) ''Simpsonichthys'' ''

sensu lato ''Sensu'' is a Latin word meaning "in the sense of". It is used in a number of fields including biology, geology, linguistics, semiotics, and law. Commonly it refers to how strictly or loosely an expression is used in describing any particular c ...

'' was formerly one of the larger genera in the

, but four former subgenera were elevated to full genera in 2010: '' Hypsolebias'', '' Ophthalmolebias'', '' Spectrolebias'' and '' Xenurolebias''. Some uncertainty remains, with one genetic study supporting them, while another genetic study indicates that ''Simpsonichthys'' ('' sensu stricto''), ''Hypsolebias'' and ''Spectrolebias'' are not monophyletic. With these as separate genera, there are currently 9 recognized species in ''Simpsonichthys'': * ''Simpsonichthys boitonei'' * ''Simpsonichthys cholopteryx'' * ''Simpsonichthys espinhacensis'' * ''Simpsonichthys margaritatus'' * ''Simpsonichthys nigromaculatus'' * ''Simpsonichthys parallelus'' * ''Simpsonichthys punctulatus'' * ''Simpsonichthys santanae'' * ''Simpsonichthys zonatus'' The name of this genus is a compound of the name of a friend of Antenor Leitão de Carvalho's, Charles J. Simpson of San Francisco, and the

Greek Greek may refer to: Greece Anything of, from, or related to Greece, a country in Southern Europe: *Greeks, an ethnic group. *Greek language, a branch of the Indo-European language family. **Proto-Greek language, the assumed last common ancestor ...

for fish, ''ichthys''.

References

Rivulidae Freshwater fish genera {{Cyprinodontiformes-stub