There have been at least 8 major sieges of Baghdad.
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Abbasid caliphate
*In 812, Caliph
Al Ma'mun
Abu al-Abbas Abdallah ibn Harun al-Rashid ( ar, أبو العباس عبد الله بن هارون الرشيد, Abū al-ʿAbbās ʿAbd Allāh ibn Hārūn ar-Rashīd; 14 September 786 – 9 August 833), better known by his regnal name Al-Ma'm ...
sent his general ''Tahir ibn Husayn'' to capture Baghdad and depose his brother Caliph Al Amin.
The siege was successful; Taher captured the city and executed the caliph.
*The
Siege of Baghdad (1136) by the Seljuks
*The
Siege of Baghdad (1157)
The siege of Baghdad in 1157 was the last Seljuq attempt to capture Baghdad from the Abbasids. Caliph al-Muqtafi successfully defended his capital against the coalition armies of Seljuq Sultan Muhammad of Hamadan and Qutb ad-Din of Mosul.
B ...
in which the Seljuqs of Hamadan along with the Zengid of Mosul unsuccessfully besieged Baghdad.
*The
Siege of Baghdad (1258) was a victory for the
Mongol leader
Hulagu Khan, a grandson of
Genghis Khan
''Chinggis Khaan'' ͡ʃʰiŋɡɪs xaːŋbr />Mongol script: ''Chinggis Qa(gh)an/ Chinggis Khagan''
, birth_name = Temüjin
, successor = Tolui (as regent)Ögedei Khan
, spouse =
, issue =
, house = Borjigin
, ...
. who captured Baghdad and burnt it to the ground.
Ottoman Empire
*In 1534
Ottoman sultan
Suleyman I
Suleiman I ( ota, سليمان اول, Süleyman-ı Evvel; tr, I. Süleyman; 6 November 14946 September 1566), commonly known as Suleiman the Magnificent in Western world, the West and Suleiman the Lawgiver ( ota, قانونى سلطان س ...
(the Magnificent) captured the city (see
Capture of Baghdad (1534))
*In 1624
Abbas I of Persia (Saffavid dynasty) captured the city (see
Capture of Baghdad (1624))
*In 1638 Ottoman sultan
Murat IV recaptured the city (see
Capture of Baghdad (1638))
Modern era
*The
Fall of Baghdad (1917) in which the
British and
Indian capture of
Ottoman-controlled Baghdad during
World War I.
*The
2003 invasion of Baghdad
Battle of Baghdad, also known as the Fall of Baghdad, was a military battle that took place in Baghdad in early April 2003, as part of the invasion of Iraq.
Three weeks into the invasion of Iraq, Coalition Forces Land Component Command elem ...
with the
US capture of
Saddam Hussein-controlled Baghdad following the
Coalition's invasion of Iraq. Following the
Iraqi Attack on Kuwait, the US with its allies invaded
Iraq. The successful siege did not end the war, which was ongoing until
2011
File:2011 Events Collage.png, From top left, clockwise: a protester partaking in Occupy Wall Street heralds the beginning of the Occupy movement; protests against Libyan dictator Muammar Gaddafi, who was killed that October; a young man celebrate ...
. Later another war broke out (
2013-2017 Iraq war). The city was then not besieged but a lot of firefights and general combat actions happened in
Baghdad. 4
Baghdad