''Sicyonia'' is a
genus
Genus ( plural genera ) is a taxonomic rank used in the biological classification of extant taxon, living and fossil organisms as well as Virus classification#ICTV classification, viruses. In the hierarchy of biological classification, genus com ...
of
prawns
Prawn is a common name for small aquatic crustaceans with an exoskeleton and ten legs (which is a member of the order decapoda), some of which can be eaten.
The term "prawn"Mortenson, Philip B (2010''This is not a weasel: a close look at nature ...
, placed in its own family, Sicyoniidae.
It differs from other prawns in that the last three pairs of its
pleopod
The decapod ( crustaceans such as a crab, lobster, shrimp or prawn) is made up of 20 body segments grouped into two main body parts: the cephalothorax and the pleon (abdomen). Each segment may possess one pair of appendages, although in various ...
s are
uniramous, rather than biramous as seen in all other prawns.
''Sicyonia'' contains 52 extant species,
and one species known only from
fossil
A fossil (from Classical Latin , ) is any preserved remains, impression, or trace of any once-living thing from a past geological age. Examples include bones, shells, exoskeletons, stone imprints of animals or microbes, objects preserved ...
s
from the
Upper Cretaceous
The Late Cretaceous (100.5–66 Ma) is the younger of two epochs into which the Cretaceous Period is divided in the geologic time scale. Rock strata from this epoch form the Upper Cretaceous Series. The Cretaceous is named after ''creta'', the ...
.
Analyses using
molecular phylogenetics
Molecular phylogenetics () is the branch of phylogeny that analyzes genetic, hereditary molecular differences, predominantly in DNA sequences, to gain information on an organism's evolutionary relationships. From these analyses, it is possible to ...
suggest that the family Sicyoniidae is nested within the larger family
Penaeidae
Penaeidae is a family of marine crustaceans in the suborder Dendrobranchiata, which are often referred to as penaeid shrimp or penaeid prawns. The Penaeidae contain many species of economic importance, such as the tiger prawn, whiteleg shrimp, ...
, and that the latter family may need to be divided up, elevating each of its traditionally recognised tribes to the rank of family.
The extant species are:
*''
Sicyonia abathophila''
(Crosnier, 2003)
*''
Sicyonia adunca''
(Crosnier, 2003)
*''
Sicyonia affinis
''Sicyonia'' is a genus of prawns, placed in its own family, Sicyoniidae. It differs from other prawns in that the last three pairs of its pleopods are uniramous, rather than biramous as seen in all other prawns.
''Sicyonia'' contains 52 exta ...
''
(Faxon, 1893)
*''
Sicyonia aliaffinis''
(Burkenroad, 1934)
*''
Sicyonia altirostrum''
(Crosnier, 2003)
*''
Sicyonia australiensis''
Hanamura & Wadley, 1998
*''
Sicyonia benthophila''
(De Man, 1907)
*''
Sicyonia bispinosa''
(De Haan, 1844)
*''
Sicyonia brevirostris
''Sicyonia brevirostris'', the brown rock shrimp, is a species of prawn. It is found along the coasts of the western Atlantic Ocean and Gulf of Mexico from Norfolk, Virginia to Yucatán, including Cuba and the Bahamas. It is used in cooking and ...
''
(Stimpson, 1871)
*''
Sicyonia burkenroadi
''Sicyonia'' is a genus of prawns, placed in its own family, Sicyoniidae. It differs from other prawns in that the last three pairs of its pleopods are uniramous, rather than biramous as seen in all other prawns.
''Sicyonia'' contains 52 extan ...
''
(Cobb, 1971)
*''
Sicyonia carinata
''Sicyonia'' is a genus of prawns, placed in its own family, Sicyoniidae. It differs from other prawns in that the last three pairs of its pleopods are uniramous, rather than biramous as seen in all other prawns.
''Sicyonia'' contains 52 extan ...
''
(Brünnich, 1768)
*''
Sicyonia curvirostris
''Sicyonia'' is a genus of prawns, placed in its own family, Sicyoniidae. It differs from other prawns in that the last three pairs of its pleopods are uniramous, rather than biramous as seen in all other prawns.
''Sicyonia'' contains 52 extan ...
''
(Balss, 1913)
*''
Sicyonia dejouanneti
''Sicyonia'' is a genus of prawns, placed in its own family, Sicyoniidae. It differs from other prawns in that the last three pairs of its pleopods are uniramous, rather than biramous as seen in all other prawns.
''Sicyonia'' contains 52 extan ...
''
(Crosnier, 2003)
*''
Sicyonia disdorsalis
''Sicyonia'' is a genus of prawns, placed in its own family, Sicyoniidae. It differs from other prawns in that the last three pairs of its pleopods are uniramous, rather than biramous as seen in all other prawns.
''Sicyonia'' contains 52 exta ...
''
(Burkenroad, 1934)
*''
Sicyonia disedwardsi
''Sicyonia'' is a genus of prawns, placed in its own family, Sicyoniidae. It differs from other prawns in that the last three pairs of its pleopods are uniramous, rather than biramous as seen in all other prawns.
''Sicyonia'' contains 52 exta ...
''
(Burkenroad, 1934)
*''
Sicyonia disparri
''Sicyonia'' is a genus of prawns, placed in its own family, Sicyoniidae. It differs from other prawns in that the last three pairs of its pleopods are uniramous, rather than biramous as seen in all other prawns.
''Sicyonia'' contains 52 exta ...
''
(Burkenroad, 1934)
*''
Sicyonia dorsalis''
(Kingsley, 1878)
*''
Sicyonia fallax''
(De Man, 1907)
*''
Sicyonia furcata''
(Miers, 1878)
*''
Sicyonia galeata''
(Holthuis, 1952)
*''
Sicyonia inflexa''
(Kubo, 1949)
*''
Sicyonia ingentis
''Sicyonia ingentis'' is a species of prawn in the family Sicyoniidae known by the common name ridgeback prawn. It is native to the eastern Pacific Ocean, where it occurs along the coast of California and Baja California, its distribution extendi ...
''
(Burkenroad, 1938)
*''
Sicyonia japonica''
(Balss, 1914)
*''
Sicyonia komai''
(Crosnier, 2003)
*''
Sicyonia laevigata''
(Stimpson, 1871)
*''
Sicyonia laevis''
(Spence Bate, 1881)
*''
Sicyonia lancifer''
(Olivier, 1811)
*''
Sicyonia longicauda''
(Rathbun, 1906)
*''
Sicyonia longicornis''
(Crosnier, 2003)
*''
Sicyonia martini''
(Pérez Farfante & Boothe, 1981)
*''
Sicyonia metavitulans''
(Crosnier, 2003)
*''
Sicyonia mixta''
(Burkenroad, 1946)
*''
Sicyonia nasica''
(Burukovsky, 1990)
*''
Sicyonia ocellata''
(Stimpson, 1860)
*''
Sicyonia olgae''
(Pérez Farfante, 1980)
*''
Sicyonia parafallax''
(Crosnier, 1995)
*''
Sicyonia parajaponica''
(Crosnier, 2003)
*''
Sicyonia parri''
(Burkenroad, 1934)
*''
Sicyonia parvula''
(De Haan, 1844)
*''
Sicyonia penicillata
''Sicyonia'' is a genus of prawns, placed in its own family, Sicyoniidae. It differs from other prawns in that the last three pairs of its pleopods are uniramous, rather than biramous as seen in all other prawns.
''Sicyonia'' contains 52 exta ...
''
(Lockington, 1878)
*''
Sicyonia picta''
(Faxon, 1893)
*''
Sicyonia rectirostris''
(De Man, 1907)
*''
Sicyonia robusta''
(Crosnier, 2003)
*''
Sicyonia rocroi''
(Crosnier, 2003)
*''
Sicyonia rotunda''
(Crosnier, 2003)
*''
Sicyonia stimpsoni
''Sicyonia'' is a genus of prawns, placed in its own family, Sicyoniidae. It differs from other prawns in that the last three pairs of its pleopods are uniramous, rather than biramous as seen in all other prawns.
''Sicyonia'' contains 52 extan ...
''
(Bouvier, 1905)
*''
Sicyonia taiwanensis''
(Crosnier, 2003)
*''
Sicyonia trispinosa''
(De Man, 1907)
*''
Sicyonia truncata''
(Kubo, 1949)
*''
Sicyonia typica''
(Boeck, 1864)
*''
Sicyonia vitulans''
(Kubo, 1949)
*''
Sicyonia wheeleri''
(Gurney, 1943)
References
External links
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{{Authority control
Dendrobranchiata
Extant Late Cretaceous first appearances
Taxa named by Henri Milne-Edwards