The Shvetsov M-11 is a five-cylinder air-cooled

radial Radial is a geometric term of location which may refer to: Mathematics and Direction * Vector (geometric), a line * Radius, adjective form of * Radial distance, a directional coordinate in a polar coordinate system * Radial set * A bearing f ...

aircraft engine An aircraft engine, often referred to as an aero engine, is the power component of an aircraft propulsion system. Most aircraft engines are either piston engines or gas turbines, although a few have been rocket powered and in recent years many ...

produced in the

Soviet Union The Soviet Union,. officially the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. (USSR),. was a transcontinental country that spanned much of Eurasia from 1922 to 1991. A flagship communist state, it was nominally a federal union of fifteen national ...

between 1923 and 1952.Gunston 1989, p.158.

Design and development

The

Shvetsov UEC-Aviadvigatel JSC (Russian: АО "ОДК-Авиадвигатель", lit. Aeroengine) is a Russian developer and builder of aircraft engines, most notably jet engines for commercial aircraft. Based at the Perm Engine Plant, its products power ...

M-11 was designed under a 1923 competition in the

for a new engine to power

trainer aircraft A trainer is a class of aircraft designed specifically to facilitate flight training of pilots and aircrews. The use of a dedicated trainer aircraft with additional safety features—such as tandem flight controls, forgiving flight characteristi ...

. It is a single-row five-cylinder air-cooled

piston engine A reciprocating engine, also often known as a piston engine, is typically a heat engine that uses one or more reciprocating pistons to convert high temperature and high pressure into a rotating motion. This article describes the common featu ...

with aluminum cylinder heads. Like the American

Kinner B-5 The Kinner B-5 was a popular five cylinder American radial engine for light general and sport aircraft of the 1930s. Design and development The B-5 was a development of the earlier K-5 with slightly greater power and dimensions. The main change ...

5-cylinder radial of similar size, the M-11 had individual

camshaft A camshaft is a shaft that contains a row of pointed cams, in order to convert rotational motion to reciprocating motion. Camshafts are used in piston engines (to operate the intake and exhaust valves), mechanically controlled ignition systems ...

s for each cylinder, operating the

pushrod A valvetrain or valve train is a mechanical system that controls the operation of the intake and exhaust valves in an internal combustion engine. The intake valves control the flow of air/fuel mixture (or air alone for direct-injected engines) ...

s, rather than a single central cam ring. The initial versions of the M-11 suffered from a short

service life A product's service life is its period of use in service. Several related terms describe more precisely a product's life, from the point of manufacture, storage, and distribution, and eventual use. Service life has been defined as "a product's ...

of only 50 hours. The basic M-11 engine had a power output of 100 hp (73 kW), the newer M-11D variant was higher at 125 hp (92 kW). The ultimate version, M-11FR, introduced in 1946, increased power output to 160 hp at 1,900 rpm on takeoff and 140 hp at cruise and had provisions for a variable-pitch

propeller A propeller (colloquially often called a screw if on a ship or an airscrew if on an aircraft) is a device with a rotating hub and radiating blades that are set at a pitch to form a helical spiral which, when rotated, exerts linear thrust upon ...

, accessory drive (for

vacuum pump A vacuum pump is a device that draws gas molecules from a sealed volume in order to leave behind a partial vacuum. The job of a vacuum pump is to generate a relative vacuum within a capacity. The first vacuum pump was invented in 1650 by Otto v ...

compressors A compressor is a mechanical device that increases the pressure of a gas by reducing its volume. An air compressor is a specific type of gas compressor. Compressors are similar to pumps: both increase the pressure on a fluid and both can transp ...

, generators, etc.) and featured a floatless

carburetor A carburetor (also spelled carburettor) is a device used by an internal combustion engine to control and mix air and fuel entering the engine. The primary method of adding fuel to the intake air is through the venturi tube in the main meteri ...

Variants

Data from: ;M-100: Designation of prototype and initial designs. ;M-11:Initial production version at , compression ratio 5:1 ;M-11a: / ;M-11/A: / ;M-11B: / ;M-11D: / ;M-11E:Compression ratio 6:1 - / ;M-11F: / ;M-11FM: ;M-11FR:Compression ratio 5.5:1 - / ;M-11FR-1:Compression ratio 5.5:1 - / ;M-11FN: ;M-11G: / ;M-11I:Compression ratio 5.5:1 - / ;M-11K: / ;M-11L: / ;M-11M: ;M-11V: / :M-11Ya:A projected development of the M-11 at GAZ-41. The prototype was run but results were unsatisfactory, re-designated M-12 ;M-11Ye:Developed by Okromechko

Further developments

;3M-11: An alternative designation for the M-50 three cylinder derivative of the M-11 ;M-12: A development of the M-11 by M.A. Kossov, un-related to the NAMI-100, which had been earlier designated M-12. ;M-12 (M-11Ya):A projected development of the M-11 at GAZ-41. The prototype was run but results were unsatisfactory, re-designated from M-11Ya ;M-13 (M-13K): A 1944 development by M.A. Kossov to be assembled from various M-11 variants ;M-13: In parallel with the M-13K, E.V. Urmin at GAZ-41 mated cylinders from the M-11D with new crankshaft and crankcase ;M-13: A later M-13 was created by I.A. Muzhilov at OKB-41 in 1946. Despite passing state acceptance test in June 1948, this engine was not put into production. ; M-48:A 7-cylinder further development at GAZ-29 ; M-49:A 9-cylinder further development at GAZ-29 / ; M-50:A 3-cylinder further development at GAZ-29 ;

M-51 M51 or M-51 may refer to: * M-51 (Michigan highway), a state highway in Michigan * M51 highway (Russia) * M51 (Cape Town), a Metropolitan Route in Cape Town, South Africa * M51 Skysweeper, an anti-aircraft gun * M51 MACI mine * M51 SLBM, a French ...

:A 5-cylinder further development at GAZ-29 / ; MG-11:Development of the M-51 at the NIIGVF (''Nauchno-Issledovatel'skiy Institut Grazdahnskovo Vozdooshnovo Flota'' - civil air fleet scientific test institute) by M.A. Kossov. / ; MG-21:Development of the M-48 at the NIIGVF by M.A. Kossov. / ; MG-31:Development of the M-49 at the NIIGVF by M.A. Kossov. / ; MG-50: A projected 18 cylinder, two-row radial derived from M-11 components by M.A. Kossov. /

Applications

The M-11 powered a number of Soviet, Bulgarian and Polish aircraft. The M-11 remained in production until 1952 with an estimated total of over 100,000 engines made. Several hundreds of M-11D and M-11FR-1 variants were manufactured under license in the Polish WSK-Kalisz works in

Kalisz (The oldest city of Poland) , image_skyline = , image_caption = ''Top:'' Town Hall, Former "Calisia" Piano Factory''Middle:'' Courthouse, "Gołębnik" tenement''Bottom:'' Aerial view of the Kalisz Old Town , image_flag = POL Kalisz flag.svg ...

. It was also used for the up-engined GAZ-98K

aerosani Aerosani (both singular and plural; russian: aэросани, literally aerosled) is a type of propeller-driven snowmobile, running on skis, used for communications, mail deliveries, medical aid, emergency recovery and border patrolling in northern ...

winter-used sled in a

pusher configuration In an aircraft with a pusher configuration (as opposed to a tractor configuration), the propeller(s) are mounted behind their respective engine(s). Since a pusher propeller is mounted behind the engine, the drive shaft is in compression in nor ...

, and as the standard powerplant for the similar

NKL-26 The NKL-26 was an armoured aerosan introduced by the Soviet Union during the Second World War World War II or the Second World War, often abbreviated as WWII or WW2, was a world war that lasted from 1939 to 1945. It involved the ...

propeller-driven sledges during the World War II years. * Anbo II (replica) * Gribovsky G-15 * Gribovsky G-20 * Gribovsky G-21 * Gribovsky G-23 * Gribovsky G-27 * Kharkiv KhAI-3 * Laz-7M *

LWD Junak The LWD/WSK Junak was a Polish trainer aircraft, used from 1952 to 1961 by the Polish Air Force and until 1972 by Polish civilian operators. It was designed by the LWD bureau and produced by the WSK Warszawa-Okęcie factory. Development The a ...

Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-8 The Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-8 ''Utka'' (russian: Микоян и Гуревич МиГ-8 «Утка», "duck") was a Soviet experimental aircraft. Built of wood, the aircraft was designed and built in 1945 to test the novel canard configuration. I ...

''Utka'' *

Polikarpov Po-2 The Polikarpov Po-2 (also U-2, for its initial ''uchebnyy'', 'training', role as a flight instruction aircraft) served as an all-weather multirole Soviet biplane, nicknamed ''Kukuruznik'' (russian: Кукурузник,Gunston 1995, p. 292. NAT ...

PZL S-4 Kania The PZL S-4 Kania 2 was a Polish trainer and glider towing aircraft of the 1950s, not built in series. The first prototype was designated S-3 Kania. There is also a helicopter named PZL Kania. Design and development The aircraft was designed by ...

Shavrov_Sh-2 The Shavrov Sh-2 (later ASh-2)Andersson, 1995, p.222 was a 1930s Soviet amphibious sesquiplane flying boat developed from the Sh-1, with a more powerful engine, slightly increased size and amphibious undercarriage. The Sh-2 could carry three ...

amphibian * Shcherbakov Shche-2 *

Yakovlev UT-1 The Yakovlev UT-1 (russian: Яковлев УТ-1) was a single-seater trainer aircraft used by the Soviet Air Force from 1937 until the late 1940s. Development The Yakovlev UT-1 was designed as a single-seater advanced trainer and aerobatic air ...

Yakovlev UT-2 The Yakovlev UT-2 (russian: Яковлев УТ-2; NATO reporting name "Mink") was a single-engine tandem two-seat low-wing monoplane that was the standard Soviet trainer during the Great Patriotic War. It was used by the Soviet Air Force fro ...

* Yakovlev Yak-6 *

Yakovlev Yak-12 The Yakovlev Yak-12 (russian: Яковлев Як-12, also transcribed as Jak-12, NATO reporting name: "Creek") is a light multirole STOL aircraft used by the Soviet Air Force, Soviet civilian aviation and other countries from 1947 onwards. ...

Yakovlev Yak-18 The Yakovlev Yak-18 (russian: Яковлев Як-18; NATO reporting name Max) is a tandem two-seat military primary trainer aircraft manufactured in the Soviet Union. Originally powered by one 119 kW (160 hp) Shvetsov M-11FR-1 radial p ...

Specifications (M-11A)

References

Notes

Bibliography

* Gunston, Bill. ''World Encyclopedia of Aero Engines''. Cambridge, England. Patrick Stephens Limited, 1989. * Kotelnikov, Vladimir. ''Russian Piston Aero Engines''. Marlborough, Wiltshire. The Crowood Press Ltd. 2005. . {{Shvetsov aeroengines 1920s aircraft piston engines Aircraft air-cooled radial piston engines Shvetsov aircraft engines