Kavi Yogi Maharishi Dr. Shuddhananda Bharati (11 May 1897 – 7 March 1990) was an Indian philosopher and poet. His teachings are focused mainly on the search for God in

Self The self is an individual as the object of that individual’s own reflective consciousness. Since the ''self'' is a reference by a subject to the same subject, this reference is necessarily subjective. The sense of having a self—or ''selfhood ...

, through the

Sama Yoga Sama or SAMA may refer to: Places * Sama, Burkina Faso, a town in the Kouka Department, Banwa Province, Burkina Faso * Sama, China (Sanya), a city in Hainan, China * Sama, Chalus, a village in Mazandaran Province, Iran * Sama, Nowshahr, a vil ...

practice he created.

Biography

Bharati was born in

Sivaganga Sivaganga () is a city and headquarters of the Sivaganga district in the Indian state of Tamil Nadu. Sivaganga is a rani velunachiyar kingdom of Tamil Nadu. It is an important city in this district for official and commercial purposes. Its ni ...

South India South India, also known as Dakshina Bharata or Peninsular India, consists of the peninsular southern part of India. It encompasses the Indian states of Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka, Kerala, Tamil Nadu, and Telangana, as well as the union territo ...

, and attained

Jeeva Samadhi Jeeva may refer to: People * Jeeva or P. Jeevanandham (1907–1963), Indian politician * Jeeva (director) (1963–2007), Tamil movie director * Jeeva (Telugu actor) (born 1952), Indian actor * Jiiva (born 1984), Indian Tamil actor * Jeeva (artis ...

in nearby Sholapuram. He spent 25 years in silence in

Pondicherry Pondicherry (), now known as Puducherry ( French: Pondichéry ʊdʊˈtʃɛɹi(listen), on-dicherry, is the capital and the most populous city of the Union Territory of Puducherry in India. The city is in the Puducherry district on the sout ...

from 1925 to 1950, in the Ashram of

Sri Aurobindo Sri Aurobindo (born Aurobindo Ghose; 15 August 1872 – 5 December 1950) was an Indian philosopher, yogi, maharishi, poet, and Indian nationalist. He was also a journalist, editing newspapers such as ''Vande Mataram''. He joined the ...

and the Mother

Mirra Alfassa Mirra Alfassa (21 February 1878 – 17 November 1973), known to her followers as The Mother, was a spiritual guru, occultist and yoga teacher, and a collaborator of Sri Aurobindo, who considered her to be of equal yogic stature to him and ...

. From the early 1950s to the 1970s, he lived beside the IIT near

Adyar, Chennai Adyar is a large neighbourhood in south Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India. It is located on the southern banks of the Adyar River. It is surrounded by the Tharamani in the West, Tiruvanmiyur, Thiruvanmiyur to the South, Besant Nagar in the East, Kott ...

. Bharati always lived alone, without an Ashram. He founded Shuddhananda Bharati Desiya Vidyalayam High School in 1979. Several of Bharati's disciples contributed to the construction of the main building of the school at Sholapuram in 1992.

Works

Bharati wrote over 250 published works: 173 in

Tamil Tamil may refer to: * Tamils, an ethnic group native to India and some other parts of Asia **Sri Lankan Tamils, Tamil people native to Sri Lanka also called ilankai tamils **Tamil Malaysians, Tamil people native to Malaysia * Tamil language, nativ ...

, fifty in

English English usually refers to: * English language * English people English may also refer to: Peoples, culture, and language * ''English'', an adjective for something of, from, or related to England ** English national ide ...

, ten in French, four in

Hindi Hindi (Devanāgarī: or , ), or more precisely Modern Standard Hindi (Devanagari: ), is an Indo-Aryan language spoken chiefly in the Hindi Belt region encompassing parts of northern, central, eastern, and western India. Hindi has been de ...

and three in

Telugu Telugu may refer to: * Telugu language, a major Dravidian language of India *Telugu people, an ethno-linguistic group of India * Telugu script, used to write the Telugu language ** Telugu (Unicode block), a block of Telugu characters in Unicode S ...

. He was also conversational in

Sanskrit Sanskrit (; attributively , ; nominally , , ) is a classical language belonging to the Indo-Aryan branch of the Indo-European languages. It arose in South Asia after its predecessor languages had diffused there from the northwest in the late ...

Kannada Kannada (; ಕನ್ನಡ, ), originally romanised Canarese, is a Dravidian language spoken predominantly by the people of Karnataka in southwestern India, with minorities in all neighbouring states. It has around 47 million native s ...

Malayalam Malayalam (; , ) is a Dravidian language spoken in the Indian state of Kerala and the union territories of Lakshadweep and Puducherry (Mahé district) by the Malayali people. It is one of 22 scheduled languages of India. Malayalam was des ...

and

Urdu Urdu (;"Urdu"
''

He is the first translator to have done both verse and prose renderings of the ''

Tirukkural The ''Tirukkuṟaḷ'' ( ta, திருக்குறள், lit=sacred verses), or shortly the ''Kural'' ( ta, குறள்), is a classic Tamil language text consisting of 1,330 short couplets, or Kural (poetic form), kurals, of seven ...

'' into English. He also translated the novels of

Victor Hugo Victor-Marie Hugo (; 26 February 1802 – 22 May 1885) was a French Romantic writer and politician. During a literary career that spanned more than sixty years, he wrote in a variety of genres and forms. He is considered to be one of the great ...

, the plays of Moliere and

Racine Jean-Baptiste Racine ( , ) (; 22 December 163921 April 1699) was a French dramatist, one of the three great playwrights of 17th-century France, along with Molière and Corneille as well as an important literary figure in the Western traditio ...

, and

Dante Dante Alighieri (; – 14 September 1321), probably baptized Durante di Alighiero degli Alighieri and often referred to as Dante (, ), was an Italian poet, writer and philosopher. His ''Divine Comedy'', originally called (modern Italian: '' ...

's ''

Divine Comedy The ''Divine Comedy'' ( it, Divina Commedia ) is an Italian narrative poem by Dante Alighieri, begun 1308 and completed in around 1321, shortly before the author's death. It is widely considered the pre-eminent work in Italian literature and ...

'' into Tamil. In his magnum opus ''Bharata Shakti'', Bharati describes his ideal of "One humanity living in communion with a single God in a world transformed". The full work includes epic texts, lyrical dramas, operas, comedies, pastoral novels, news, biographies, comments on illustrated works, essays, poems in French corrected directly by the Mother, Sacred Odes, walks, Rondels and triplets. For this work, Bharati received the

Raja Rajan Award ''Raja'' (; from , IAST ') is a royal title used for South Asian monarchs. The title is equivalent to king or princely ruler in South Asia and Southeast Asia. The title has a long history in South Asia and Southeast Asia, being attested fr ...

from the

Tamil University The Tamil University is a public state university located in Thanjavur, Tamil Nadu, India. It was established to provide higher research in the Tamil language. Location The university is situated in a campus of about , granted by the ...

Tanjore Thanjavur (), also Tanjore, Pletcher 2010, p. 195 is a city in the Indian state of Tamil Nadu. Thanjavur is the 11th biggest city in Tamil Nadu. Thanjavur is an important center of South Indian religion, art, and architecture. Most of the Gr ...

in 1984, conferring upon him the title of

Doctor of Literature Doctor of Letters (D.Litt., Litt.D., Latin: ' or ') is a terminal degree in the humanities that, depending on the country, is a higher doctorate after the Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) degree or equivalent to a higher doctorate, such as the Doctor ...

. His autobiography, ''The Pilgrim Soul'' includes encounters with well-known personalities of the past century, including

Annie Besant Annie Besant ( Wood; 1 October 1847 – 20 September 1933) was a British socialist, theosophist, freemason, women's rights activist, educationist, writer, orator, political party member and philanthropist. Regarded as a champion of human f ...

Meher Baba Meher Baba (born Merwan Sheriar Irani; 25 February 1894 – 31 January 1969) was an Indian spiritual master who said he was the Avatar, or God in human form, of the age. A major spiritual figure of the 20th century, he had a following of ...

Shirdi Sai Baba Sai Baba of Shirdi (c. 1838? - died 15 October 1918), also known as Shirdi Sai Baba, was an Indian spiritual master and fakir, considered to be a saint, revered by both Hindu and Muslim devotees during and after his lifetime. According to a ...

V. V. S. Aiyar Varahaneri Venkatesa Subramaniam Aiyar (2 April 1881 – 3 June 1925), also known as V. V. S. Aiyar, was an Indian revolutionary from Tamil Nadu who fought against British colonial rule in India. His contemporaries include Subramanya Bhar ...

, Sringeri Sharada Peetham,

Ramana Maharshi Ramana Maharshi (; 30 December 1879 – 14 April 1950) was an Indian Hindu sage and ''jivanmukta'' (liberated being). He was born Venkataraman Iyer, but is mostly known by the name Bhagavan Sri Ramana Maharshi. He was born in Tiruchuli, Ta ...

C. V. Raman Sir Chandrasekhara Venkata Raman (; 7 November 188821 November 1970) was an Indian physicist known for his work in the field of light scattering. Using a spectrograph that he developed, he and his student K. S. Krishnan discovered that when ...

Subramanya Bharathi C. Subramania Bharathi Birth name: C. Subramaniyan, the person's given name: Subramaniyan, father's given name: Chinnaswami. (C. Subramaniyan by the prevalent patronymic initials as prefix naming system in Tamil Nadu and it is Subramaniyan C ...

Sivananda Sivananda Saraswati (or Swami Sivananda; 8 September 1887 – 14 July 1963) was a yoga guru, a Hindu spiritual teacher, and a proponent of Vedanta. Sivananda was born Kuppuswami in Pattamadai, in the Tirunelveli district of Tamil Nadu. He stu ...

Romain Rolland Romain Rolland (; 29 January 1866 – 30 December 1944) was a French dramatist, novelist, essayist, art historian and Mysticism, mystic who was awarded the Nobel Prize for Literature in 1915 "as a tribute to the lofty idealism of his literary pro ...

Jean Herbert Jean Herbert was one of the first generation of interpreters for the United Nations organization. He was a former chief interpreter of the United Nations interpretation service in New York City. Biography Herbert was one of the pioneer, veteran ...

and others.

In English

* ''Our Religion'', L'Auberson, Éditions ASSA, 171 pages, * ''Yoga for All'', L'Auberson, Éditions ASSA, 152 pages, * ''The Divine Master'', L'Auberson, Éditions ASSA, 162 pages, * ''The Secrets of Sadhana'', L'Auberson, Éditions ASSA, 95 pages, * ''Guiding Lights'', L'Auberson, Éditions ASSA, 130 pages, * ''Gospel of Perfect Life'', L'Auberson, Éditions ASSA, 226 pages, * ''Cosmic Riddles'', L'Auberson, Éditions ASSA, 144 pages, * ''Mystic Treasure'', L'Auberson, Éditions ASSA, 230 pages, * ''Pilgrim Soul'', L'Auberson, Éditions ASSA, 503 pages, * ''Mahatma Ramalingam'', L'Auberson, Éditions ASSA, 164 pages, * ''Sama Yoga'', L'Auberson, Éditions ASSA, 172 pages, * ''Secrets of Sama Yoga'', L'Auberson, Éditions ASSA, 183 pages, * ''Tamil Sentiment'', L'Auberson, Éditions ASSA, 202 pages, * ''Poet Nightingale Bharathiyar'', L'Auberson, Éditions ASSA, 213 pages, * ''Sri Krishna and His Gospel'', L'Auberson, Éditions ASSA, 171 pages, * ''Silambu Selvam'', L'Auberson, Éditions ASSA, 369 pages, * ''Secrets of Yoga'', L'Auberson, Éditions ASSA, 236 pages, * ''Alvar Saint'', L'Auberson, Éditions ASSA, 165 pages, * ''Thirukkural'', L'Auberson, Éditions ASSA, 185 pages, * ''The Soul sings'', L'Auberson, Éditions ASSA, 157 pages, * ''The Yoga Master'', L'Auberson, Éditions ASSA, 189 pages, * ''The Revelation of Saint Meikandar'', L'Auberson, Éditions ASSA, 103 pages, * ''The Magic Weapon of Shiva'', L'Auberson, Éditions ASSA, 145 pages, * ''The Delightful Tamil Garden'', L'Auberson, Éditions ASSA, 120 pages, * ''Art Temple'', L'Auberson, Éditions ASSA, 296 pages, * ''Letters of Kavi Yogi, Volume 1'', L'Auberson, Éditions ASSA, 191 pages, * ''Letters of Kavi Yogi, Volume 2'', L'Auberson, Éditions ASSA, 174 pages, * ''Adi Shankara Bhagavan'', L'Auberson, Éditions ASSA, 193 pages, * ''Bharata Shakti, Canto one, Emanation of the Pure One'', L'Auberson, Éditions ASSA, 285 pages, * ''Bharata Shakti, Canto two, Gowri Kandam'', L'Auberson, Éditions ASSA, 430 pages, * ''Bharata Shakti, Canto three, Sadhana Kandam'', L'Auberson, Éditions ASSA, 471 pages, * ''Bharata Shakti, Canto four, Satyan at Danavam'', L'Auberson, Éditions ASSA, 371 pages, * ''Bharata Shakti, Canto five, Victory of Shuddha Shakti'', L'Auberson, Éditions ASSA, 313 pages, * ''Arrival of Mira, Love story between Bhojan and Mira'', L'Auberson, Éditions ASSA, 133 pages, * ''The Integral Yoga of Sri Aurobindo, Live in Yoga with the Divine, a Life Divine !'', L'Auberson, Éditions ASSA, 113 pages, * ''The Secrets of Shiva'', L'Auberson, Éditions ASSA, 119 pages, * ''His sixtieh birthday celebration'', L'Auberson, Éditions ASSA, 131 pages, * ''Illumination Hymn and Conference'', L'Auberson, Éditions ASSA, 133 pages, * ''Voice of Tayumanar'', L'Auberson, Éditions ASSA, 205 pages, * ''Poet's Forum, Kavi Arangam'', L'Auberson, Éditions ASSA, 144 pages, * ''The Arrival of Buddha'', L'Auberson, Éditions ASSA, 101 pages, * ''Fasting and Divinity'', L'Auberson, Éditions ASSA, 104 pages, * ''The Grand Epic of Saivism'', L'Auberson, Éditions ASSA, 257 pages, * ''Songs for Children'', L'Auberson, Éditions ASSA, 100 pages, * ''Essence of Religion'', L'Auberson, Éditions ASSA, 127 pages, * ''William Blake'', L'Auberson, Éditions ASSA, 104 pages, * ''Francis Thompson'', L'Auberson, Éditions ASSA, 97 pages, * ''Kama Thilagan and Vanarasu'', L'Auberson, Éditions ASSA, 137 pages, * ''Chariot of Life'', L'Auberson, Éditions ASSA, 207 pages, * ''Vivekanandam and The Story of our Independence'', L'Auberson, Éditions ASSA, 137 pages, * ''Fire of Tamil, Thamizhkanal'', L'Auberson, Éditions ASSA, 207 pages, * Sadasiva Brahman, the Silent Sage

Biographies and sources

* Sri Dewan Bahadur. ''A Study of all the works of Dr. Shuddhananda Bharati'', L'Auberson, Éditions ASSA, 224 pages, * The best known biography of Maharishi Yogi Kavi Dr. Bharati Shuddhananda is that written in his hand in his book ''Pilgrim Soul'
Extracts of Pilgrim Soul
Editions ASSA, L'Auberson, Christian Piaget, . * ''Dancing with Shiva'', Published by Himalayan Academy India,

References

External links

"The path to spiritual communism"
Profile of Dr. Shuddhananda Bharati, ''Indian Express'', Chennai, 14 April 1990
Coverage of Dr. Shuddhananda Bharati's visit to South Africa

{{DEFAULTSORT:Bharati, Shuddhananda 1897 births 1990 deaths Indian spiritual teachers 20th-century Indian philosophers People from Sivaganga district Tamil writers Tamil epic poems Carnatic composers 20th-century Indian composers Tamil–English translators 20th-century translators Translators of the Tirukkural into English Tirukkural translators