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''Shorea leprosula'' (called, along with some other species in the genus ''
Trees reach up to 60 meter tall and 100 cm in diameter. Bark is greyish brown, shallowly fissured, and V-shaped. Outer bark is dull purple brown, hard, brittle. Inner bark is fibrous, dull brown or yellowish brown grading to pale at the cambium. Sapwood is pale or cream, resinous, while heartwood is dark red or light red brown. Its leaves are elliptic to ovate, 8–14 cm long, 3.5 to 5.5 cm wide. They are cream scaly, thinly leathery. Leaf base is obtuse or broadly cuneate, apex is acuminate, up to 8 mm long. Secondary vein comes in 12–15 pairs, and are slender, curved towards margin, set at 40 to 550. Tertiary veins are densely ladder-like, slender and obscure except in young trees. Stipules are 10 mm long, 35 mm wide, with short scars. They are horizontal, obscure, oblong to broadly hastate, obtuse, fugacious, and fall off early/ Fruit pedicel reaches 2 mm long. Calyx is sparsely pubescent, with 3 longer lobes up to 10 cm long, approximately 2 cm wide. They are spatulate, obtuse, approximate 5 mm broad above the 8 by 6 mm thickened elliptic, shallowly saccate base. Two shorter lobes are up to 5.5 cm long, approximately 0.3 cm wide, unequal, and similarly saccate at base.
''Shorea leprosula'' is one of the fastest growing Dipterocarp species up to about its twentieth year, when it is surpassed by other Dipterocarps. ''S. leprosula'' can grow in a variety of site conditions with flat topography. It is found throughout hilly areas, frequently on well-drained soil, on deep clay soils or swampy soil in the mixed Dipterocarp forest of lowlands and hill up to 700 meter above sea level, but it is a strongly light-demanding species.Aldrianto, P., 2002. Dipterocarpaceae: Forest Fire and Forest Recovery. Thesis Wageningen University, The Netherlands. 214 pp
One of the key successes for ''S. leprosula'' is light control. Light control should correspond to the light requirements of a species during its growing stages. Planting methods should reflect site conditions and growth characteristics of the species. ''S. leprosula'' is a light-demanding species at the early stage, 60 to 73% (relative light intensity) for seedlings and 74 to 100% for saplings.
''S. leprosula'' can be propagated by seeds, cuttings and wildlings.
Shorea
Fruit of a ''Shorea'' species
''Shorea'' is a genus of about 196 species of mainly rainforest trees in the family Dipterocarpaceae. The genus is named after Sir John Shore, the governor-general of the British East India Company, 1793–1798. Th ...
'', light red meranti) is a species of tree in the family
Family (from la, familia) is a Social group, group of people related either by consanguinity (by recognized birth) or Affinity (law), affinity (by marriage or other relationship). The purpose of the family is to maintain the well-being of its ...
Dipterocarpaceae
Dipterocarpaceae is a family of 16 genera and about 695 known species of mainly tropical lowland rainforest trees. The family name, from the type genus ''Dipterocarpus'', is derived from Greek (''di'' = two, ''pteron'' = wing and ''karpos'' = fru ...
. It is native to Sumatra
Sumatra is one of the Sunda Islands of western Indonesia. It is the largest island that is fully within Indonesian territory, as well as the sixth-largest island in the world at 473,481 km2 (182,812 mi.2), not including adjacent i ...
, Borneo
Borneo (; id, Kalimantan) is the third-largest island in the world and the largest in Asia. At the geographic centre of Maritime Southeast Asia, in relation to major Indonesian islands, it is located north of Java, west of Sulawesi, and eas ...
, Peninsular Malaysia
Peninsular Malaysia ( ms, Semenanjung Malaysia; Jawi: سمننجڠ مليسيا), or the States of Malaya ( ms, Negeri-negeri Tanah Melayu; Jawi: نڬري-نڬري تانه ملايو), also known as West Malaysia or the Malaysian Peninsula, ...
, Java
Java (; id, Jawa, ; jv, ꦗꦮ; su, ) is one of the Greater Sunda Islands in Indonesia. It is bordered by the Indian Ocean to the south and the Java Sea to the north. With a population of 151.6 million people, Java is the world's List ...
, and Thailand
Thailand ( ), historically known as Siam () and officially the Kingdom of Thailand, is a country in Southeast Asia, located at the centre of the Indochinese Peninsula, spanning , with a population of almost 70 million. The country is bo ...
.
Description
Trees reach up to 60 meter tall and 100 cm in diameter. Bark is greyish brown, shallowly fissured, and V-shaped. Outer bark is dull purple brown, hard, brittle. Inner bark is fibrous, dull brown or yellowish brown grading to pale at the cambium. Sapwood is pale or cream, resinous, while heartwood is dark red or light red brown. Its leaves are elliptic to ovate, 8–14 cm long, 3.5 to 5.5 cm wide. They are cream scaly, thinly leathery. Leaf base is obtuse or broadly cuneate, apex is acuminate, up to 8 mm long. Secondary vein comes in 12–15 pairs, and are slender, curved towards margin, set at 40 to 550. Tertiary veins are densely ladder-like, slender and obscure except in young trees. Stipules are 10 mm long, 35 mm wide, with short scars. They are horizontal, obscure, oblong to broadly hastate, obtuse, fugacious, and fall off early/ Fruit pedicel reaches 2 mm long. Calyx is sparsely pubescent, with 3 longer lobes up to 10 cm long, approximately 2 cm wide. They are spatulate, obtuse, approximate 5 mm broad above the 8 by 6 mm thickened elliptic, shallowly saccate base. Two shorter lobes are up to 5.5 cm long, approximately 0.3 cm wide, unequal, and similarly saccate at base.
Distribution
They inhabit theSoutheast Asia
Southeast Asia, also spelled South East Asia and South-East Asia, and also known as Southeastern Asia, South-eastern Asia or SEA, is the geographical United Nations geoscheme for Asia#South-eastern Asia, south-eastern region of Asia, consistin ...
rain forest
Rainforests are characterized by a closed and continuous tree canopy, moisture-dependent vegetation, the presence of epiphytes and lianas and the absence of wildfire. Rainforest can be classified as tropical rainforest or temperate rainforest ...
; from Peninsular Thailand
Southern Thailand, Southern Siam or Tambralinga is a southernmost cultural region of Thailand, separated from Central Thailand region by the Kra Isthmus.
Geography
Southern Thailand is on the Malay Peninsula, with an area of around , bounded ...
throughout the Malay Peninsula
The Malay Peninsula (Malay: ''Semenanjung Tanah Melayu'') is a peninsula in Mainland Southeast Asia. The landmass runs approximately north–south, and at its terminus, it is the southernmost point of the Asian continental mainland. The area ...
(excluding the seasonal area), Sumatera
Sumatra is one of the Sunda Islands of western Indonesia. It is the largest island that is fully within Indonesian territory, as well as the sixth-largest island in the world at 473,481 km2 (182,812 mi.2), not including adjacent i ...
, Bangka, Belitung
Belitung ( Belitung Malay: ''Belitong'', formerly Billiton) is an island on the east coast of Sumatra, Indonesia in the Java Sea. It covers , and had a population of 309,097 at the 2020 Census. Administratively, it forms two regencies (Bel ...
, and Borneo
Borneo (; id, Kalimantan) is the third-largest island in the world and the largest in Asia. At the geographic centre of Maritime Southeast Asia, in relation to major Indonesian islands, it is located north of Java, west of Sulawesi, and eas ...
.
Ecology
''Shorea leprosula'' is one of the fastest growing Dipterocarp species up to about its twentieth year, when it is surpassed by other Dipterocarps. ''S. leprosula'' can grow in a variety of site conditions with flat topography. It is found throughout hilly areas, frequently on well-drained soil, on deep clay soils or swampy soil in the mixed Dipterocarp forest of lowlands and hill up to 700 meter above sea level, but it is a strongly light-demanding species.Aldrianto, P., 2002. Dipterocarpaceae: Forest Fire and Forest Recovery. Thesis Wageningen University, The Netherlands. 214 pp
One of the key successes for ''S. leprosula'' is light control. Light control should correspond to the light requirements of a species during its growing stages. Planting methods should reflect site conditions and growth characteristics of the species. ''S. leprosula'' is a light-demanding species at the early stage, 60 to 73% (relative light intensity) for seedlings and 74 to 100% for saplings.
Vernacular names
The trade name for ''S. leprosula'' is known as red meranti or ''meranti merah.'' In Brunai and Sawarak: it is called meranti tembaga, perawan lop. In Malaya and Sumatra it is known as meranti betul, meranti bunga, meranti lempong, meranti tamak, meranti hijau, meranti sabut, merati kait, meranti sepang (Palembang). InKutai
Kutai is a historical region in what is now known as East Kalimantan, Indonesia on the island of Borneo and is also the name of the native ethnic group of the region (known as ''Urang Kutai'' or "the Kutai people"), numbering around 300,000 who ...
it is called lampong, banti, barit, bekunsu, belaitok, belito, or damar. On Sampit
Sampit is a city located in East Kotawaringin Regency, Central Kalimantan. Previously a timber port town, it has grown to be a medium-sized city with a population of 166,773 according to Statistics Indonesia in 2019, with the economy having since d ...
: lentang. On Dayang Benuag: Mengkorau.Ashton, P.S., 1982. Diptrocarpaceae. In: Flora Malesiana Series I (sec. Mutica) Vol. 9 (2), 540-541
Propagation
''S. leprosula'' can be propagated by seeds, cuttings and wildlings.
Uses
The wood is used for construction.References
{{Authority control leprosula Trees of Thailand Trees of Sumatra Trees of Peninsular Malaysia Dipterocarps of Borneo Trees of Java Taxonomy articles created by Polbot