Sholom Mordechai Schwadron (1835 – 1911) (

Hebrew Hebrew (; ; ) is a Northwest Semitic language of the Afroasiatic language family. Historically, it is one of the spoken languages of the Israelites and their longest-surviving descendants, the Jews and Samaritans. It was largely preserved ...

: שלום מרדכי בן משה הכהן שוודרן), known by his

acronym An acronym is a word or name formed from the initial components of a longer name or phrase. Acronyms are usually formed from the initial letters of words, as in ''NATO'' (''North Atlantic Treaty Organization''), but sometimes use syllables, as ...

Maharsham, was a rabbi and foremost

halachic ''Halakha'' (; he, הֲלָכָה, ), also transliterated as ''halacha'', ''halakhah'', and ''halocho'' ( ), is the collective body of Jewish religious laws which is derived from the written and Oral Torah. Halakha is based on biblical commandm ...

authority. His main works "Shailos Uteshuvos Maharsham" and "Daas Torah" are widely studied sources of practical Jewish law. Among his prominent works are ''Mishpat Shalom'' on Choshen Mishpat. He was well known as a very lenient rabbi. He also authored ''Techeiles Mordechai'', a three-volume commentary of the

Torah The Torah (; hbo, ''Tōrā'', "Instruction", "Teaching" or "Law") is the compilation of the first five books of the Hebrew Bible, namely the books of Genesis, Exodus, Leviticus, Numbers and Deuteronomy. In that sense, Torah means the s ...

Biography

He was born in 1835 in

Złoczów Zolochiv ( uk, Золочів, pl, Złoczów, german: Solotschiw, yi, זלאָטשאָוו, ''Zlotshov'') is a small city of district significance in Lviv Oblast of Ukraine, the administrative center of Zolochiv Raion, Lviv Oblast, Zolochiv Rai ...

to Moshe Schwadron, a Torah scholar, and studied under Rabbi Yoel Ashkenazy. After his marriage he was bequeathed a wood business and was hesitant to become a rabbi. However, he did so at the age of 31. It is known that after each ''din Torah'' (case in a rabbinical court), he would explain to the loser the reason he lost until he understood clearly. If the person was unable to understand, he would tell him: "You must have a good friend or family member that is a Torah scholar. Send him to me and I will explain it to him so you will feel that you were done justice." He lived in

Berezhany Berezhany ( uk, Бережани, ; pl, Brzeżany; yi, ברעזשאַן, Brezhan; he, בּז'יז'אני/בּז'ז'ני ''Bzhezhani''/''Bzhizhani'') is a city in Ternopil Raion, Ternopil Oblast (province) of western Ukraine. It lies about fr ...

, where he acquired the nickname Gaon of Berezhany. He died there on the 16th of

Shevat Shevat (Hebrew: שְׁבָט, Standard ''Šəvaṭ'', Tiberian ''Šeḇāṭ''; from Akkadian ''Šabātu'') is the fifth month of the civil year starting in Tishre (or Tishri) and the eleventh month of the ecclesiastical year on the Hebrew calend ...

in 1911. His grandson, Rabbi

Sholom Schwadron Sholom Mordechai Hakohen Schwadron ( he, הרב שלום מרדכי הכהן שבדרון) (1912–21 December 1997) was a Haredi Judaism, Haredi rabbi and orator. He was known as the "Maggid of Jerusalem" for his fiery, inspirational musar m ...

, was known as the "

Maggid A maggid ( he, מַגִּיד), also spelled as magid, is a traditional Jewish religious itinerant preacher, skilled as a narrator of Torah and religious stories. A chaplain of the more scholarly sort is called a '' darshan'' (). The title of '' ...

of Jerusalem". His son, Isaac, was the rabbi of Khotymyr and wrote a commentary on the

Tosefta The Tosefta (Jewish Babylonian Aramaic: תוספתא "supplement, addition") is a compilation of the Jewish oral law from the late 2nd century, the period of the Mishnah. Overview In many ways, the Tosefta acts as a supplement to the Mishnah ( ...

called מנחת יצחק (''Minhat Yitzhak''). His daughter, Chana Sura, married Rabbi Sholom Shapiro, the Rabbi and

Av Beit Din The ''av beit din'' ( ''ʾabh bêth dîn'', "chief of the court" or "chief justice"), also spelled ''av beis din'' or ''abh beth din'' and abbreviated ABD (), was the second-highest-ranking member of the Sanhedrin during the Second Temple period, ...

of Lanchyn, Galicia (now

Ukraine Ukraine ( uk, Україна, Ukraïna, ) is a country in Eastern Europe. It is the second-largest European country after Russia, which it borders to the east and northeast. Ukraine covers approximately . Prior to the ongoing Russian inv ...

). Their son, Grand Rebbe Pinchos Shapiro, was the Grand Rebbe of Kechnie, and father-in-law of the current

Kaliv Kaliv is a Hasidic dynasty founded by Yitzchak Isaac Taub (1744–1821) of Nagykálló (in Yiddish ''Kalev, Kaalov, Kaliv''), Hungary. History Rabbi Yitzchak Isaac Taub Rabbi Taub (1751 - 7 Adar 2, March 21 1821) was the rabbi of Kalov and the ...

er Rebbe, Grand Rabbi

Menachem Mendel Taub Menachem Mendel Taub ( he, מנחם מנדל טאוב) (1923–2019) was the Rebbe of the Kaliv (Rozlo) Hasidic dynasty in Jerusalem, Israel. Born in Transylvania in 1923, he was seventh in a direct paternal line to the founder of the dynasty, Ra ...

. He had another son rebbe Tzvi Hearsh but not many details are known about him. 1835 births 1911 deaths Jews from Galicia (Eastern Europe) Ukrainian Jews Haredi rabbis in Europe {{Ukraine-rabbi-stub