Shisima is a two-player
abstract strategy game
Abstract strategy games admit a number of definitions which distinguish these from strategy games in general, mostly involving no or minimal narrative theme, outcomes determined only by player choice (with no randomness), and perfect information. ...
from
Kenya
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, capital = Nairobi
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, largest_city = Nairobi
, ...
. It is related to
tic-tac-toe
Tic-tac-toe (American English), noughts and crosses (Commonwealth English), or Xs and Os (Canadian or Irish English) is a paper-and-pencil game for two players who take turns marking the spaces in a three-by-three grid with ''X'' or ''O''. T ...
, and even more so to
three men's morris
Three men's morris is an abstract strategy game played on a three by three board (counting lines)
that is similar to tic-tac-toe. It is also related to six men's morris and nine men's morris. A player wins by forming a mill, that is, three of thei ...
,
Nine Holes
Nine Holes is a two-player abstract strategy game from different parts of the world and is centuries old. It was very popular in England. It is related to tic-tac-toe, but even more related to three men's morris, Achi, Tant Fant, Shisima, Pic ...
,
Achi,
Tant Fant
Tant Fant is a two-player abstract strategy game from India. It is related to tic-tac-toe, but more closely related to three men's morris, Nine Holes, Achi, Shisima, and Dara, because pieces are moved on the board to create the 3 in-a-row. It is ...
, and
Dara
Dara is a given name used for both males and females, with more than one origin. Dara is found in the Bible's Old Testament Books of Chronicles. Dara “רעwas a descendant of Judah (son of Jacob). (The Bible. 1 Chronicles 2:6). Dara (also known ...
, because pieces are moved on the board to create the 3-in-a-row. Unlike those other games, Shisima uses an octagonal board.
''Shisima'' means "body of water" in some language spoken in Kenya. The pieces are called ''imbalavali'' which translates to "water bugs" as the pieces move quickly on the board as
water bugs do on the surface of a lake.
Setup
The board consist of an octagon, and four diametrical lines connecting each corner of the octagon to its opposite corner. The four diametrical lines intersect at the middle of the octagon forming the central intersection point of the board. Each of the eight corners of the octagon is also an intersection point, therefore there is a total of 9 intersection points (here-in-forth called "points").
Each player has 3 pieces. One plays the black pieces, and the other plays the white pieces, however, any two colors or small objects will suffice.
Each player places their 3 pieces on three successive vacant points along the octagon's perimeter. There must be a vacant point on both ends of each player's set of pieces. This leaves three vacant points at the beginning of the game including the central point of the board.
Rules
* Players alternate their turns
* A player may move one of their pieces to an adjacent vacant point on the board along a marked line in a turn.
* The first player to make a "three-in-a-row" with one's pieces along a diametrical line wins the game.
* Repeating a position three times is a draw.
Variants
Rota was proposed to be an old Roman game by Elmer Truesdell Merrill in his article "An Old Roman Game" in ''The Classical Journal'' (1916). Merrill observed that there were several diagrams scratched into the steps and pavements of Roman buildings in the design of a wheel. He conjectured that they were games and of the tic-tac-toe variety, and conjectured the rules for the game since no rules had been discovered. He also named the game Rota but its actual name is unknown. The game as described by him is almost the same as that of Shisima, except that in Rota each player may place one of their pieces in turn on any vacant intersection point at the beginning part of the game, and it is only when a player has placed all of his 3 pieces on the board that he may begin to move them; whereas in Shisima the initial positions are pre-determined thus causing the movement phase to commence at the beginning. He does not mention if game pieces were ever discovered with any of the wheel diagrams. He does mention that the first player can win every time if played optimally.
Related games
*
Achi
*
Dara (game)
Dara is a two-player abstract strategy board game played in several countries of West Africa. In Nigeria it is played by the Dakarkari people. It is popular in Niger among the Zarma, who call it dili, and it is also played in Burkina Faso. In th ...
*
Nine Holes
Nine Holes is a two-player abstract strategy game from different parts of the world and is centuries old. It was very popular in England. It is related to tic-tac-toe, but even more related to three men's morris, Achi, Tant Fant, Shisima, Pic ...
*
Picaria
Picaria is a two-player abstract strategy game from the Zuni Native American Indians or the Pueblo Indians of the American Southwest. It is related to tic-tac-toe, but more related to three men's morris, Nine Holes, Achi, Tant Fant, and Shisim ...
*
Tant Fant
Tant Fant is a two-player abstract strategy game from India. It is related to tic-tac-toe, but more closely related to three men's morris, Nine Holes, Achi, Shisima, and Dara, because pieces are moved on the board to create the 3 in-a-row. It is ...
*
Three men's morris
Three men's morris is an abstract strategy game played on a three by three board (counting lines)
that is similar to tic-tac-toe. It is also related to six men's morris and nine men's morris. A player wins by forming a mill, that is, three of thei ...
*
tic-tac-toe
Tic-tac-toe (American English), noughts and crosses (Commonwealth English), or Xs and Os (Canadian or Irish English) is a paper-and-pencil game for two players who take turns marking the spaces in a three-by-three grid with ''X'' or ''O''. T ...
References
{{Reflist
External links
* http://www.kruzno.com/Shisima.html
* http://healthy.uwaterloo.ca/museum/VirtualExhibits/rowgames/shisima.html
Abstract strategy games
Traditional board games
Kenyan culture
African games
In-a-row games