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(literally, "deer-frightening" or "boar-frightening"), in a wide sense, refers to
File:Shishi-odoshi scheme.jpg, Diagram of operation
File:Shisendo_Souzu.jpg, ''Sōzu'', a kind of ''shishi-odoshi'', at the Shisen-dō in
Information, diagram, and audio file
Japanese style of gardening
(literally, "deer-frightening" or "boar-frightening"), in a wide sense, refers to Japan
Japan ( ja, 日本, or , and formally , ''Nihonkoku'') is an island country in East Asia. It is situated in the northwest Pacific Ocean, and is bordered on the west by the Sea of Japan, while extending from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north ...
ese devices made to frighten away animals that pose a threat to agriculture
Agriculture or farming is the practice of cultivating plants and livestock. Agriculture was the key development in the rise of sedentary human civilization, whereby farming of domesticated species created food surpluses that enabled people to ...
, including ''kakashi'' (scarecrow
A scarecrow is a decoy or mannequin, often in the shape of a human. Humanoid scarecrows are usually dressed in old clothes and placed in open fields to discourage birds from disturbing and feeding on recently cast seed and growing crops.Lesley B ...
s), ''naruko'' (clappers) and ''sōzu''. In a narrower sense, it is synonymous with '' sōzu''.
A ''sōzu'' is a type of water fountain
A fountain, from the Latin "fons" (genitive "fontis"), meaning source or Spring (hydrology), spring, is a decorative reservoir used for discharging water. It is also a structure that jets water into the air for a decorative or dramatic effect. ...
used in Japanese garden
are traditional gardens whose designs are accompanied by Japanese aesthetics and philosophical ideas, avoid artificial ornamentation, and highlight the natural landscape. Plants and worn, aged materials are generally used by Japanese garden desig ...
s. It consists of a segmented tube, usually of bamboo
Bamboos are a diverse group of evergreen perennial flowering plants making up the subfamily Bambusoideae of the grass family Poaceae. Giant bamboos are the largest members of the grass family. The origin of the word "bamboo" is uncertain, bu ...
, pivoted to one side of its balance point. At rest, its heavier end is down and resting against a rock
Rock most often refers to:
* Rock (geology), a naturally occurring solid aggregate of minerals or mineraloids
* Rock music, a genre of popular music
Rock or Rocks may also refer to:
Places United Kingdom
* Rock, Caerphilly, a location in Wales ...
. A trickle of water into the upper end of the tube accumulates and eventually moves the tube's centre of gravity
In physics, the center of mass of a distribution of mass in space (sometimes referred to as the balance point) is the unique point where the weighted relative position of the distributed mass sums to zero. This is the point to which a force may ...
past the pivot, causing the tube to rotate and dump out the water. The heavier end then falls back against the rock, making a sharp sound, and the cycle is repeated.
These fountains were originally intended to startle any herbivores, such as deer
Deer or true deer are hoofed ruminant mammals forming the family Cervidae. The two main groups of deer are the Cervinae, including the muntjac, the elk (wapiti), the red deer, and the fallow deer; and the Capreolinae, including the reindeer ...
or boars
The wild boar (''Sus scrofa''), also known as the wild swine, common wild pig, Eurasian wild pig, or simply wild pig, is a suid native to much of Eurasia and North Africa, and has been introduced to the Americas and Oceania. The species is n ...
, which might be grazing on the plants in the garden, but ''shishi-odoshi'' are now a part of the visual and aural design of gardens, and are used primarily for their aesthetic value.
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Gallery
Kyoto
Kyoto (; Japanese: , ''Kyōto'' ), officially , is the capital city of Kyoto Prefecture in Japan. Located in the Kansai region on the island of Honshu, Kyoto forms a part of the Keihanshin metropolitan area along with Osaka and Kobe. , the ci ...
File:Morikami Museum and Gardens - Shishi Odoshi Filling Up With Water.jpg, Morikami Museum and Gardens - ''shishi-odoshi'' filling up
File:Morikami Museum and Gardens - Shishi Odoshi Emptying Water.jpg, Emptying
File:Shishi odoshi 2017-02-28.webm, Video of a ''shishi-odoshi'' in operation, taking one minute to fill
See also
* Monjolo *Suikinkutsu
A is a type of Japanese garden ornament and music device. It consists of an upside down buried pot with a hole at the top. Water drips through the hole at the top onto a small pool of water inside of the pot, creating a pleasant splashing sou ...
*Water scoop (hydropower)
A water scoop is a simple hydropower machine – that is, a machine used to extract power from the flow of water. Unlike a water wheel it operates intermittently, like a seesaw: A container (a bucket or cup) at the end of a lever is filled wit ...
*Tsukubai
In Japan, a is a washbasin provided at the entrance to a holy place for visitors to purify themselves by the ritual washing of hands and rinsing of the mouth. This type of ritual cleansing is the custom for guests attending a tea ceremony o ...
(a basin often used in conjunction)
References
External links
{{listen, filename=Shishiodoshi-LS100103.ogg, title=''Sōzu'' recording, description=Sound of a ''sōzu''. Recorded at Shisen-dō, Kyoto, Japan, format=Ogg
Ogg is a free, open container format maintained by the Xiph.Org Foundation. The authors of the Ogg format state that it is unrestricted by software patents and is designed to provide for efficient streaming and manipulation of high-quality d ...
, pos=right
Information, diagram, and audio file
Japanese style of gardening