270px, Ikeda Yoshinori 270px, Front gate of the Tottori Domain residence in Edo was a

feudal domain A demesne ( ) or domain was all the land retained and managed by a lord of the manor under the feudal system for his own use, occupation, or support. This distinguished it from land sub-enfeoffed by him to others as sub-tenants. The concept or ...

under the

Tokugawa shogunate The Tokugawa shogunate (, Japanese 徳川幕府 ''Tokugawa bakufu''), also known as the , was the military government of Japan during the Edo period from 1603 to 1868. Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric. (2005)"''Tokugawa-jidai''"in ''Japan Encyclopedia ...

Edo period The or is the period between 1603 and 1867 in the history of Japan, when Japan was under the rule of the Tokugawa shogunate and the country's 300 regional '' daimyo''. Emerging from the chaos of the Sengoku period, the Edo period was characteriz ...

Japan, in what is now

Tottori Prefecture is a prefecture of Japan located in the Chūgoku region of Honshu. Tottori Prefecture is the least populous prefecture of Japan at 570,569 (2016) and has a geographic area of . Tottori Prefecture borders Shimane Prefecture to the west, Hirosh ...

on the island of

Shikoku is the smallest of the four main islands of Japan. It is long and between wide. It has a population of 3.8 million (, 3.1%). It is south of Honshu and northeast of Kyushu. Shikoku's ancient names include ''Iyo-no-futana-shima'' (), '' ...

. It controlled all of

Inaba Province was an old province of Japan in the area that is today the eastern part of Tottori Prefecture. It was sometimes called . Inaba bordered on Harima, Hōki, Mimasaka, and Tajima Provinces. The ancient capital, and the castle town, were at Tott ...

and virtually all of

Hōki Province was an old province of Japan in the area that is today the western part of Tottori Prefecture. It was sometimes called . Hōki bordered on Inaba, Mimasaka, Bitchū, Bingo, and Izumo Provinces. The ancient capital was in the area that is ...

was centered around

Tottori Castle was a Japanese castle located in Tottori, Tottori Prefecture. History Tottori Castle was constructed in Inaba Province during the Sengoku period as a ''yamashiro'' ("mountain castle") built into the mountain itself, using natural obstacles and ...

, and was ruled throughout its history by a branch of the

Ikeda clan was a Japanese clan that claimed descent from Minamoto no Yorimitsu (948-1021) of the Seiwa Genji. Minamoto no Yasumasa, the fourth generation descending from Yorimitsu, and younger brother of Minamoto no Yorimasa (1104-1180), was the first to ...

. Tottori Domain was dissolved in the

abolition of the han system The in the Empire of Japan and its replacement by a system of prefectures in 1871 was the culmination of the Meiji Restoration begun in 1868, the starting year of the Meiji period. Under the reform, all daimyos (, ''daimyō'', feudal lords) ...

in 1871 and is now part of

. Tottori Domain had two sub-domains, and . In addition, the two branches of the Arao clan, who served as hereditary ''

karō were top-ranking samurai officials and advisors in service to the ''daimyōs'' of feudal Japan. Overview In the Edo period, the policy of ''sankin-kōtai'' (alternate attendance) required each ''daimyō'' to place a ''karō'' in Edo and anoth ...

'' of the clan and castellans of

Yonago Castle was an Edo period Japanese castle located in the city of Yonago, Tottori Prefecture, in the San'in region of Japan. Its ruins have been protected as a National Historic Site since 2006. It was also called or , Overview Yonago Castle is located ...

(15,000 ''koku'') and Kurayoshi Jin'ya (12,000 ''koku'') both had ''kokudaka'' equivalents to that of ''daimyō''.

History

In 1600, after the

Battle of Sekigahara The Battle of Sekigahara (Shinjitai: ; Kyūjitai: , Hepburn romanization: ''Sekigahara no Tatakai'') was a decisive battle on October 21, 1600 (Keichō 5, 15th day of the 9th month) in what is now Gifu prefecture, Japan, at the end of ...

Ikeda Tsuneoki , also known as Ikeda Nobuteru (池田信輝), was an Ikeda clan ''daimyō'' and military commander under Oda Nobunaga during the Sengoku period and Azuchi–Momoyama periods of 16th-century Japan. He was a retainer of the famous warlords Oda No ...

's third son,

Ikeda Nagayoshi Ikeda may refer to: * Ikeda (surname), a Japanese surname * Ikeda (comics), a character in ''Usagi Yojimbo'' * Ikeda clan, a Japanese clan * Ikeda map, chaotic attractor * ''Ikeda'' (annelid) a genus of the family Ikedidae Places * Ikeda, Osaka i ...

(

Ikeda Terumasa was a Japanese ''daimyō'' of the early Edo period. His court title was '' Musashi no Kami''. Terumasa was also known by the nickname ''saigoku no shōgun'', or, "The ''Shōgun'' of Western Japan". Terumasa fought in many of the battles of the ...

's younger brother) was awarded estates in Hōki Province with a ''

kokudaka refers to a system for determining land value for taxation purposes under the Tokugawa shogunate of Edo-period Japan, and expressing this value in terms of ''koku'' of rice. Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric. (2005)"Koku"in ''Japan Encyclopedia'', p. 54 ...

'' of 60,000 ''

koku The is a Chinese-based Japanese unit of volume. 1 koku is equivalent to 10 or approximately , or about . It converts, in turn, to 100 shō and 1000 gō. One ''gō'' is the volume of the "rice cup", the plastic measuring cup that is supplied ...

'' by

Tokugawa Ieyasu was the founder and first ''shōgun'' of the Tokugawa Shogunate of Japan, which ruled Japan from 1603 until the Meiji Restoration in 1868. He was one of the three "Great Unifiers" of Japan, along with his former lord Oda Nobunaga and fellow ...

. This marked the start of Tottori Domain. In 1615, his son Ikeda Nagayoshi (長幸) was transferred to

Bitchū-Matsuyama Domain 270px, Itakura Katukiyo was a feudal domain under the Tokugawa shogunate of Edo period Japan, in what is now western Okayama Prefecture. It controlled most of central Bitchū Province and was centered around Bitchū Matsuyama Castle. It was ...

, and in his place,

Ikeda Mitsumasa was a Japanese ''daimyō'' of the early Edo period. Papinot, Jacques Edmond Joseph. (1906). ''Dictionnaire d’histoire et de géographie du Japon''; Papinot, (2003).html" ;"title="DF 18 of 80">"Ikeda" at ''Nobiliare du Japon'', p. 14 DF 18 of ...

(the eldest son of Ikeda Toshitaka, the son of Ikeda Terumasa) was transferred from Himeji Domain to an expanded Tottori Domain (325,000 ''koku'') which now included most of

as well as Hōki Province. During his 16 year tenure, he built the foundations of the

castle town A castle town is a settlement built adjacent to or surrounding a castle. Castle towns were common in Medieval Europe. Some examples include small towns like Alnwick and Arundel, which are still dominated by their castles. In Western Europe, ...

of Tottori. In 1632, when his uncle Ikeda Tadao, of

Okayama Domain The was a Japanese domain of the Edo period. It was associated with Bizen Province in modern-day Okayama Prefecture.">DF_18_of_80">"Ikeda"_at_''Nobiliare_du_Japon'',_p._14_[PDF_18_of_80/nowiki>_retrieved_2013-4-25. # .html"_;"title="DF_18_of_8 ...

died, Mitsumasa exchanged Tottori for Okayama and the clan chieftaincy. Ikeda Tadao's son, Ikeda Mitsunaka became ''daimyō'' of Tottori at the age of two, and his descendants would continue to rule the domain to the end of the Edo period. Although the Ikeda clan of Tottori was reduced to a branch of the clan, it was Ikeda Tadao's lineage which was in direct descent from Ikeda Terumasa and Tokugawa Ieyasu's second daughter,

Tokuhime Tokuhime may refer to: * Tokuhime (Oda) (徳姫) (1559–1636), daughter of Oda Nobunaga; also known as Gotokuhime * Tokuhime (Tokugawa) (督姫) (1565–1615), daughter of Tokugawa Ieyasu * (登久姫) (1576–1607), daughter of Matsudaira ...

, so the Ikeda clan of Tottori was regarded by the

as a ''kunimochi daimyō'' clan independent of the head of the Ikeda family of Okayama Domain. In addition to being allowed to use the honorific surname "Matsudaira", the Tottori Ikeda were also allowed the use of the Tokugawa family crest, as well as being formally recognized as Tokugawa relatives ( ''shinpan''. Normally, when a ''daimyō'' entered

Edo Castle is a flatland castle that was built in 1457 by Ōta Dōkan in Edo, Toshima District, Musashi Province. In modern times it is part of the Tokyo Imperial Palace in Chiyoda, Tokyo and is therefore also known as . Tokugawa Ieyasu established the ...

, he had to leave his sword with a retainer in front of the entrance. In addition to the Tottori Ikeda family, the privilege of retaining one's sword was granted only to the Kaga-

Maeda clan was a Japanese samurai clan who occupied most of the Hokuriku region of central Honshū from the end of the Sengoku period through the Meiji restoration of 1868. The Maeda claimed descent from the Sugawara clan of Sugawara no Kiyotomo and Suga ...

and the Tokugawa clan's closest relations, which were the Tottori-Ikeda clan, the Aizu-Matsudaira clan, and the Echizen-Matsudaira clan. The domain maintained a secondary castle at

Yonago is a Cities of Japan, city in western Tottori Prefecture, Japan, facing the Sea of Japan and making up part of the boundary of Nakaumi, Lake Nakaumi. It is adjacent to Shimane Prefecture and across the lake from its capital of Matsue. It is the p ...

, and ''

jin'ya A was a type of administrative headquarters in the Tokugawa Shogunate during the Edo period of Japanese history. ''Jin'ya'' served as the seat of the administration for a small domain, a province, or additional parcels of land. ''Jin'ya'' hou ...

'' in other important towns within the domain, such as

Kurayoshi is a city located in the central part of Tottori Prefecture, Japan. As of October 1, 2016, the city has an estimated population of 48,558 and a population density of 180 persons per km², making it the third largest city in Tottori. The total a ...

, Yahashi, Matsuzaki, and Uradome. The domain suffered greatly from the

Tenpō famine The Tenpō famine (天保の飢饉, ''Tenpō no kikin''), also known as the Great Tenpō famine (天保の大飢饉, ''Tenpō no daikikin'') was a famine that affected Japan during the Edo period. Considered to have lasted from 1833 to 1837, it wa ...

from 1833 to 1837. During the

Bakumatsu period was the final years of the Edo period when the Tokugawa shogunate ended. Between 1853 and 1867, Japan ended its isolationist foreign policy known as and changed from a feudal Tokugawa shogunate to the modern empire of the Meiji govern ...

, the 12th ''daimyō'',

Ikeda Yoshinori Ikeda may refer to: * Ikeda (surname), a Japanese surname * Ikeda (comics), a character in ''Usagi Yojimbo'' * Ikeda clan, a Japanese clan * Ikeda map, chaotic attractor * ''Ikeda'' (annelid) a genus of the family Ikedidae Places * Ikeda, Osa ...

, was the older brother of the 15th

Shogun , officially , was the title of the military dictators of Japan during most of the period spanning from 1185 to 1868. Nominally appointed by the Emperor, shoguns were usually the de facto rulers of the country, though during part of the Kamakur ...

Tokugawa Yoshinobu Prince was the 15th and last ''shōgun'' of the Tokugawa shogunate of Japan. He was part of a movement which aimed to reform the aging shogunate, but was ultimately unsuccessful. He resigned of his position as shogun in late 1867, while aiming ...

and had a difficult position between loyalty to the shogunate and the growing forces for the

Meiji restoration The , referred to at the time as the , and also known as the Meiji Renovation, Revolution, Regeneration, Reform, or Renewal, was a political event that restored practical imperial rule to Japan in 1868 under Emperor Meiji. Although there were ...

. Within the domain, conflicts between the loyalists and the pro-Tokugawa factions were intense, and in 1863, an assassination of a senior vassal of the pro-shogunate faction occurred at Honkoku-ji in Kyoto. In the following year, when

Chōshū Domain The , also known as the , was a domain (''han'') of the Tokugawa Shogunate of Japan during the Edo period from 1600 to 1871.Deal, William E. (2005) ''Handbook to Life in Medieval and Early Modern Japan,'' p. 81 The Chōshū Domain was base ...

, with which he had a close relationship, was defeated in the

Kinmon Incident The , also known as the , was a rebellion against the Tokugawa shogunate in Japan that took place on August 20 unar calendar: 19th day, 7th month 1864, near the Imperial Palace in Kyoto. History Starting with the Convention of Kanagawa in 1 ...

and was declared enemy of the crown, he began to distance himself from politics, but in the

Battle of Toba-Fushimi A battle is an occurrence of combat in warfare between opposing military units of any number or size. A war usually consists of multiple battles. In general, a battle is a military engagement that is well defined in duration, area, and force ...

in 1868 and the

Boshin War The , sometimes known as the Japanese Revolution or Japanese Civil War, was a civil war in Japan fought from 1868 to 1869 between forces of the ruling Tokugawa shogunate and a clique seeking to seize political power in the name of the Imperi ...

, he was on the side of the Meiji government army. As a result, he led the clan's forces in various battles. He was awarded 30,000 ''koku'' by the new

Meiji government The was the government that was formed by politicians of the Satsuma Domain and Chōshū Domain in the 1860s. The Meiji government was the early government of the Empire of Japan. Politicians of the Meiji government were known as the Meiji o ...

. The domain became part of Tottori Prefecture with the

in 1871. Ikeda Terutomo, the 15th chieftain of the clan, was made a

marquis A marquess (; french: marquis ), es, marqués, pt, marquês. is a nobleman of high hereditary rank in various European peerages and in those of some of their former colonies. The German language equivalent is Markgraf (margrave). A woman wi ...

in the ''

kazoku The was the hereditary peerage of the Empire of Japan, which existed between 1869 and 1947. They succeeded the feudal lords () and court nobles (), but were abolished with the 1947 constitution. Kazoku ( 華族) should not be confused with ' ...

'' peerage in 1884.

Holdings at the end of the Edo period

As with most domains in the

han system ( ja, 藩, "domain") is a Japanese historical term for the estate of a daimyo in the Edo period (1603–1868) and early Meiji period (1868–1912). Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric. (2005)"Han"in ''Japan Encyclopedia'', p. 283. or (daimyo domain) s ...

, Tottori Domain consisted of several discontinuous territories calculated to provide the assigned ''

'', based on periodic

cadastral A cadastre or cadaster is a comprehensive recording of the real estate or real property's metes-and-bounds of a country.Jo Henssen, ''Basic Principles of the Main Cadastral Systems in the World,'/ref> Often it is represented graphically in a cad ...

surveys and projected agricultural yields, g. *

(entire province) **51 villages in Iwai District **60 villages in Hōmi District **89 villages in Hattō District **63 villages in Yakami District **98 villages in Chizu District **35 villages in Ōmi District **82 villages in Takakusa District **83 villages in Keta District *

**114 villages in Kawamura District **120 villages in Kume District **107 villages in Yabase District **185 villages in Aimi District **65 villages in Aseri District **170 villages in Hino District *

Musashi Province was a province of Japan, which today comprises Tokyo Metropolis, most of Saitama Prefecture and part of Kanagawa Prefecture. It was sometimes called . The province encompassed Kawasaki and Yokohama. Musashi bordered on Kai, Kōzuke, Sagami, S ...

**1 village in Chichibu District

List of daimyō

Simplified family tree (Ikeda ''daimyō'' of Tottori)

*Ikeda Tsuneoki (1536–1584) **Terumasa, 1st Lord of Himeji (1565–1613) ***Toshitaka, 2nd Lord of Himeji (1584–1616) **** I. Mitsumasa, 3rd Lord of Himeji, 1st Lord of Tottori (2nd creation) (1609–1682; Lord of Himeji: 1614–1617; Lord of Tottori: 1617–1632) *****Tsunamasa, 2nd Lord of Okayama (3rd creation) (1638–1714) ******Masazumi, 6th Lord of Amaki (1706–1766) *******Shizuko, m.

Ichijō Michika , son of regent Kaneka, was a Japanese kugyō (court noble) of the Edo period (1603–1868). He held regent positions kampaku from 1746 to 1747 and from 1755 to 1757, and sesshō from 1747 to 1755. He married an adopted daughter of Ikeda Tsugum ...

(1722–1769) ********Ichijō Mitsuruko (1752–1786), m. Tokugawa Harumori, 6th Lord of Mito (1751–1805) *********Tokugawa Harutoshi, 7th Lord of Mito (1773–1816) **********Tokugawa Nariaki, 9th Lord of Mito (1800–1860) *********** XII. Ikeda (Tokugawa) Yoshikatsu, 12th Lord of Tottori, 12th family head (1837–1877; r. 1850–1869; Governor: 1869–1871; family head: 1869–1877), m. Ikeda Hiroko (1842–1872; see below) ************Terutomo, 13th family head, 1st Marquess (1852–1890; family head: 1877–1890; 1st Marquess: 1884) *************Kyōko (1884–1923). m. Ikeda (Tokugawa) Nakahiro, 14th family head, 2nd Marquess (1877–1948; family head: 1890–1948; 2nd Marquess: 1890–1946) **************Narizane, 15th family head (1904–1993; family head: 1948–1993). He adopted a son: *************** ''Toshio, 16th family head'' (b. 1934) ****Tadakatsu, 2nd Lord of Okayama (2nd creation) (1602–1632) ***** I. Mitsunaka, 1st Lord of Tottori (3rd creation) (1630–1693; r. 1632–1685) ****** II. Tsunakiyo, 2nd Lord of Tottori (3rd creation) (1648–1711; r. 1685–1700) ******Nakasumi, Lord of Tottori-Shinden (1650–1722) ******* III. Yoshiyasu, 3rd Lord of Tottori (3rd creation) (1687–1739; r. 1700–1739) ******** IV. Muneyasu, 4th Lord of Tottori (3rd creation) (1717–1747; r. 1739–1747) ********* V. Shigenobu, 5th Lord of Tottori (3rd creation) (1746–1783; r. 1747–1783) ********** VI. Harumichi, 6th Lord of Tottori (3rd creation) (1768–1798; r. 1783–1798) *********** VII. Narikuni, 7th Lord of Tottori (3rd creation) (1787–1807; r. 1798–1807) *********** VIII. Naritoshi, 8th Lord of Tottori (3rd creation) (1788–1830; r. 1807–1830) ************ IX. Narimichi, 9th Lord of Tottori (3rd creation) (1830–1841; r. 1830–1841) **********Nakamasa, 7th Lord of Tottori-Shinden (1780–1841) ***********Nakanori, 8th Lord of Tottori-Shinden (1805–1850) ************ X. Yoshiyuki, 10th Lord of Tottori (3rd creation) (1832–1848; r. 1841–1848) ************ Seiko (1834–1879) m. XI. Ikeda (Maeda) Yoshitaka, 11th Lord of Tottori (3rd creation) (1834–1850; r. 1848–1850) ***Teruzumi, Lord of Shikano (1604–1662) ****Masatake, 2nd Lord of Fukumoto (1649–1687) *****Masachika (1684–1751) ******Masakatsu (1709–1782) *******Sadatsune, 5th Lord of Wakasa (1767–1833) ********Sadayasu, 7th Lord of Wakasa (1805–1847) *********Hiroko (1842–1872). m. XII. Ikeda (Tokugawa) Yoshikatsu, 12th Lord of Tottori (see above) ** I. Nagayoshi, 1st Lord of Tottori (1st creation) (1570–1614; r. 1600–1614) *** II. Nagayuki, 2nd Lord of Tottori (1st creation) (1587–1632; r. 1614–1617) Ikeda (Tottori) genealogy (jp)
/ref>

Shikano Domain

In 1685, Ikeda Mitsunaka gave 25,000 ''koku'' of new rice lands to his second son, Ikeda Nakazumi, and established a cadet branch of the clan. On August 7, 1702, during the last years of Ikeda Nakazumi's reign, an additional 5,000 ''koku'' was added to bring the ''kokudaka'' of the domain to 30,000 ''koku''. It existed as a "paper domain" throughout most of the Edo period with its revenues coming from the treasury of the parent domain, but on December 10, 1868, a ''jin'ya'' was established in what is now the Shikano neighborhood of the city of Tottori. Domain administration was practically non-existent, with officials dispatched from Tottori Domain in charge of domain affairs. The domain existed primarily as "insurance" to prevent attainder of the parent domain should the ruling ''daimyō'' die without a successor. In fact, Ikeda Yoshiyasu, the third ''daimyō'' of Tottori, and Ikeda Yoshiyuki, the tenth ''daimyō'' of Tottori, were adopted from Shikano Domain. On June 27, 1864, the ninth ''daimyō'' of the domain, Ikeda Nakatatsu, committed ''

seppuku , sometimes referred to as hara-kiri (, , a native Japanese kun reading), is a form of Japanese ritual suicide by disembowelment. It was originally reserved for samurai in their code of honour but was also practised by other Japanese people ...

'' after a confrontation with Ikeda Yoshinori, the ''daimyō'' of Tottori, over the dispatch of troops to Kyoto. In 1869, the domain was abolished and absorbed back into Tottori Domain. In 1884, a descendant of the last ''daimyō'' of Shikano became a

viscount A viscount ( , for male) or viscountess (, for female) is a title used in certain European countries for a noble of varying status. In many countries a viscount, and its historical equivalents, was a non-hereditary, administrative or judicial ...

in the ''kazoku'' peerage. :

Wakasa Domain

In 1700, Ikeda Tsunakiyo, the second ''daimyō'' of Tottori gave 15,000 ''koku'' of new rice lands to his younger brother Ikeda Kiyosada, and established a cadet branch of the clan. In 1720, an additional 5,000 ''koku'' was added to bring the ''kokudaka'' of the domain to 20,000 ''koku''. As with Shikano Domain, Wakasa existed as a "paper domain" throughout most of the Edo period with its revenues coming from the treasury of the parent domain, but on December 10, 1868, a ''jin'ya'' was established in what is now the Wakasa neighborhood of the city of Tottori. Domain administration was practically non-existent, and officials dispatched from Tottori Domain were in charge of all local domain affairs. The fifth ''daimyō'', Ikeda Sadatsune was a noted literary scholar. In 1884, a descendant of the last ''daimyō'' of Wakasa became a