In Libya there are currently 106 districts, second level administrative subdivisions known in Arabic as ''baladiyat'' (singular ''baladiyah''). The number has varied since 2013 between 99 and 108. The first level administrative divisions in Libya are currently the governorates (''muhafazat''), which have yet to be formally delineated, but which were originally tripartite as: Tripolitania in the northwest,

Cyrenaica Cyrenaica ( ) or Kyrenaika (, , after the city of Cyrene), is the eastern region of Libya. Cyrenaica includes all of the eastern part of Libya between the 16th and 25th meridians east, including the Kufra District. The coastal region, als ...

in the east, and

Fezzan Fezzan ( , ; ; ; ) is the southwestern region of modern Libya. It is largely desert, but broken by mountains, uplands, and dry river valleys (wadis) in the north, where oases enable ancient towns and villages to survive deep in the otherwise in ...

in the southwest; and later divided into ten governorates. Prior to 2013 there were twenty-two first level administrative subdivisions known by the term ''shabiyah'' (

Arabic Arabic (, , or , ) is a Central Semitic languages, Central Semitic language of the Afroasiatic languages, Afroasiatic language family spoken primarily in the Arab world. The International Organization for Standardization (ISO) assigns lang ...

singular ''šaʿbiyya'', plural ''šaʿbiyyāt'') which constituted the districts of

Libya Libya, officially the State of Libya, is a country in the Maghreb region of North Africa. It borders the Mediterranean Sea to the north, Egypt to Egypt–Libya border, the east, Sudan to Libya–Sudan border, the southeast, Chad to Chad–L ...

. In the 1990s the shabiyat had replaced an older baladiyat system. Historically the area of Libya was considered three provinces (or states), Tripolitania in the northwest,

in the east, and

in the southwest. It was the conquest by Italy in the

Italo-Turkish War The Italo-Turkish (, "Tripolitanian War", , "War of Libya"), also known as the Turco-Italian War, was fought between the Kingdom of Italy and the Ottoman Empire from 29 September 1911 to 18 October 1912. As a result of this conflict, Italy captur ...

that united them in a single political unit. Under the Italians Libya was eventually divided into four provinces and one territory: Tripoli, Misrata, Benghazi, Derna, (in the north) and the Territory of the Libyan Sahara (in the south). After the French and British occupied Libya in 1943, it was again split into three provinces: Tripolitania in the northwest,

in the east, and Fezzan-Ghadames in the southwest. Article 176 of the 1951 constitution of Libya stated "The Kingdom of Libya shall be divided into administrative units in conformity with the law to be promulgated in this connection. Local and regional councils may be formed in the Kingdom. The extent of these units shall be determined by law which shall likewise organize these Councils." in exact quote. After independence (1951), Libya was divided into three governorates ('' muhafazat''), matching the three provinces of before, but in 1963 it was divided into ten governorates. In 1983 a new system was introduced dividing the country into forty-six districts ('' baladiyat''). In 1987 this was reduced to twenty-five districts. On 2 August 1995, Libya reorganized into thirteen districts ('' shabiyat''). In 1998 this was increased to 26 shabiyat districts. In 2001 it was increased to thirty-two districts plus three administrative regions. Finally in 2007 it was reduced to twenty-two districts. For historical evolution see also: Subdivisions of Libya. Libyan districts were further subdivided into Basic People's Congresses which act as

township A township is a form of human settlement or administrative subdivision. Its exact definition varies among countries. Although the term is occasionally associated with an urban area, this tends to be an exception to the rule. In Australia, Canad ...

s or

borough A borough is an administrative division in various English language, English-speaking countries. In principle, the term ''borough'' designates a self-governing walled town, although in practice, official use of the term varies widely. History ...

s until 2011.

Etymology

The term in Arabic can mean both "popularity" or "That that is of the people" or more simply "pertaining to the people". The second meaning was used by the Libyan government to refer to the districts of Libya, in tandem with the general ideology of the state. Sha'biyat in Libya are the highest administrative level. A lower level, equivalent to a county, exists and divides each Shabiyah into smaller entities. The term was new and exclusive to Libya, in line with exclusive terms for republic ( jamahiriya), ministry (amanah) and embassy (people's-bureau)—all of which are different from what is used throughout Arabic-speaking countries, including even Libya itself before its adoption of the neology.

Districts (''Shabiya'')

''Shabiyah'' ( ''šaʿbiyyah'', plural: ''šaʿbiyyāt'') is a

neologism In linguistics, a neologism (; also known as a coinage) is any newly formed word, term, or phrase that has achieved popular or institutional recognition and is becoming accepted into mainstream language. Most definitively, a word can be considered ...

exclusive to Libya under Gaddafi, in line with exclusive terms for republic ( jamahiriya), ministry (amanah) and embassy (people's-bureau). The term basically means a district, that is, a top level administrative division. Etymologically, it is an adjective meaning "of or pertaining to the people, popular".

22 districts (2007)

In 2007 the twenty-two districts (''shabiya'') replaced the older thirty-two district system.''شعبيات الجماهيرية العظمى''Sha'biyat of Great Jamahiriya
, accessed 10 May 2009, in Arabic The list is as following:

32 districts (2001)

The 2001 reorganization of Libya into districts (''shabiya'') resulted in thirty-two districts and three administrative regions (المنطقة الإدارية): Libya Municipalities 2001-2007

The three administrative regions are missing from the above map, Qatrun, Marada, and Jaghbub

26 districts (1998)

In 1998 Libya was reorganized into twenty-six districts which were: Butnan, Jafara, Jufra, Kufra, Marj, Murqub, Quba, Al Wahat, Bani Walid, Benghazi, Derna, Gharyan, Jabal al Akhdar, Murzuq, Misrata, Nalut, Nuqat al Khams, Sabha, Sabrata/Sorman, Sirte, Tarhuna/Msalata, Tripoli, Wadi al Hayaa, Wadi al Shatii, Yafran, and Zawiya"Libya" ''2006 Statesman's Yearbook''

13 districts (1995)

On 2 August 1995 Libya dropped the baladiyat system and reorganized into thirteen districts (''shabiyat''). Among them were Butnan (formerly Tobruk), Jabal al Akhdar, Jabal al Gharbi, Zawiya, Benghazi, and Tripoli. However, there is not agreement about the other seven names.

Former ''baladiya''

'' Baladiyah'' (singular) or ''baladiyat'' (plural), are

words used in many Arab countries to denote administrative divisions of the country. In Libya, the baladiyat system of districts was introduced in 1983 to replace the governorate system. Originally there were forty-six baladiyat districts, but in 1988 that number was reduced to twenty-five baladiyat. The table hereunder lists the old twenty-five baladiyat in alphabetical order with a link to each one and numbered to be located on the map. Note that each district linked may be both a baladiyah and a shabiyah. The many changes may not always be reflected in the article. * 1 Ajdabiya * 2 ‘Aziziya * 3 Butnan * 4 Fati * 5 Jabal al Akhdar * 6 Jufra * 7 Khoms * 8 Kufra * 9 Nuqat al Khams * 10 Wadi al Shatii * 11 Ubari * 12 Zawiya * 13

Benghazi Benghazi () () is the List of cities in Libya, second-most-populous city in Libya as well as the largest city in Cyrenaica, with an estimated population of 859,000 in 2023. Located on the Gulf of Sidra in the Mediterranean Sea, Mediterranean, Ben ...

* 14 Derna * 15 Ghadames * 16 Gharyan * 17 Misrata * 18 Murzuq * 19 Sabha * 20 Sawfajjin * 21 Sirte * 22 Tripoli * 23 Tarhuna * 24 Yafran * 25 Zlitan Libia regions with numbers

Evolution

For 1995 data, and are the two different sources mentioned in the bibliography: "The Europa World Year Book 2001" and "Ershiyi (21) Shiji Shijie Diming Lu", Beijing, 2001. For 1988, name is provided if different from nowadays. As said above, AR stands for the three "Administrative Region" of 2001. Fazzan wasn't strictly a district, but a historical muhafazah or

wilayah A wilayah ( or ''wilāya'', plural ; Urdu, Pashto and ; ) is an administrative division, usually translated as "state", " province" or occasionally as " governorate". The word comes from the Arabic root "''w-l-y''", "to govern": a '' wāli''� ...

along with Tripolitania (capital Tripoli) and

(capital Cyrene -near nowadays Shahhat- with

Diocletian Diocletian ( ; ; ; 242/245 – 311/312), nicknamed Jovius, was Roman emperor from 284 until his abdication in 305. He was born Diocles to a family of low status in the Roman province of Dalmatia (Roman province), Dalmatia. As with other Illyri ...

, moved to Ptolemais after the earthquake of 365, and to Barce -nowadays Barca- with Omer Bin Khattab in 643).

Notes

External links

Historical population data by district
from Universiteitsbibliotheek Utrecht (Library, University of Utrecht), retrieved by WebArchive.

{{DEFAULTSORT:Districts Of Libya

Districts, Libya Libya geography-related lists Libya, Districts