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The service of marriage ( fro, service de mariage) was a legal obligation in the Kingdom of Jerusalem of a female vassal towards her lord. Since her sex precluded her from rendering personal military service, marriage was regarded as a service a liegewoman could perform instead.
When summoned, the vassal had to choose a husband among three candidates presented to her by her lord. The lord was obliged to suggest only men who were not inferior in rank to her or to any former husband she may have had. The intention was to attach to her fief a consort who could render personal service to her lord. A widowed heiress could not be compelled to remarry for a year and a day after her husband's death.
A vassal's widow had the right to rule his lands on behalf of their minor child, but if she refused to perform the service of marriage, the lord was allowed by law to take over the management of the child's land. Otherwise, jurists Balian of Sidon, John of Beirut, and Ralph of Tiberias disagreed on which penalty a liegewoman should be subjected to if she withheld the service of marriage.
In the early 13th century, lords frequently treated cases arbitrarily. Beatrice, heiress of Joscelin of Courtenay, violated her feudal contract by marrying Otto of Henneberg without
The service of marriage ( fro, service de mariage) was a legal obligation in the Kingdom of Jerusalem of a female vassal towards her lord. Since her sex precluded her from rendering personal military service, marriage was regarded as a service a liegewoman could perform instead.
When summoned, the vassal had to choose a husband among three candidates presented to her by her lord. The lord was obliged to suggest only men who were not inferior in rank to her or to any former husband she may have had. The intention was to attach to her fief a consort who could render personal service to her lord. A widowed heiress could not be compelled to remarry for a year and a day after her husband's death.
A vassal's widow had the right to rule his lands on behalf of their minor child, but if she refused to perform the service of marriage, the lord was allowed by law to take over the management of the child's land. Otherwise, jurists Balian of Sidon, John of Beirut, and Ralph of Tiberias disagreed on which penalty a liegewoman should be subjected to if she withheld the service of marriage.
In the early 13th century, lords frequently treated cases arbitrarily. Beatrice, heiress of Joscelin of Courtenay, violated her feudal contract by marrying Otto of Henneberg without King Aimery
Aimery of Lusignan ( la, Aimericus, , ''Amorí''; before 11551 April 1205), erroneously referred to as Amalric or Amaury in earlier scholarship, was the first King of Cyprus, reigning from 1196 to his death. He also reigned as the King of Jer ...
's permission, but the couple were not hindered from granting their lands to the Teutonic Knights after the king's death. A regent could punish the liegewoman for such an infringement of her lord's rights by confiscating her fief, but the measure ceased to have effect when the regency ended. King Hugh failed to enforce the service of marriage from the lady of Beirut
The Crusader state of the Kingdom of Jerusalem, created in 1099, was divided into a number of smaller seigneuries. According to the 13th-century jurist John of Ibelin, the four highest crown vassals (referred to as barons) in the kingdom proper ...
, Isabella, who was put under the protection of the Egyptian ruler Baibars
Al-Malik al-Zahir Rukn al-Din Baybars al-Bunduqdari ( ar, الملك الظاهر ركن الدين بيبرس البندقداري, ''al-Malik al-Ẓāhir Rukn al-Dīn Baybars al-Bunduqdārī'') (1223/1228 – 1 July 1277), of Turkic Kipchak ...
by her husband, Hamo le Strange.
References
Sources
* * {{cite book , last=Riley-Smith, first=Jonathan, author-link=Jonathan Riley-Smith, year=1973 , title=The feudal nobility and the kingdom of Jerusalem, 1147 - 1277, publisher=Macmillan Feudalism in the Kingdom of Jerusalem Marriage law Women's history