''Serruria'', or spiderhead is a

genus Genus ( plural genera ) is a taxonomic rank used in the biological classification of extant taxon, living and fossil organisms as well as Virus classification#ICTV classification, viruses. In the hierarchy of biological classification, genus com ...

flowering plant Flowering plants are plants that bear flowers and fruits, and form the clade Angiospermae (), commonly called angiosperms. The term "angiosperm" is derived from the Greek words ('container, vessel') and ('seed'), and refers to those plants th ...

s in the family

Proteaceae The Proteaceae form a family of flowering plants predominantly distributed in the Southern Hemisphere. The family comprises 83 genera with about 1,660 known species. Together with the Platanaceae and Nelumbonaceae, they make up the order Pro ...

endemic Endemism is the state of a species being found in a single defined geographic location, such as an island, state, nation, country or other defined zone; organisms that are indigenous to a place are not endemic to it if they are also found elsew ...

South Africa South Africa, officially the Republic of South Africa (RSA), is the southernmost country in Africa. It is bounded to the south by of coastline that stretch along the South Atlantic and Indian Oceans; to the north by the neighbouring countri ...

Names

''Serruria'' was named in honor of Joseph Serrurier, a professor of botany at the Utrecht University early in the eighteenth century. It is called spiderhead in English and spinnekopbos in

Afrikaans Afrikaans (, ) is a West Germanic language that evolved in the Dutch Cape Colony from the Dutch vernacular of Holland proper (i.e., the Hollandic dialect) used by Dutch, French, and German settlers and their enslaved people. Afrikaans gra ...

, because of the silky, finely divided leaves looking like they are covered in spiders webs.

Selected species

Species include: *''

Serruria acrocarpa ''Serruria acrocarpa'', the common rootstock spiderhead. is a flower-bearing shrub that belongs to the genus ''Serruria'' and forms part of the fynbos. The plant is native to the Western Cape and occurs from the Cederberg to the Southern Cape. T ...

'' *'' Serruria adscendens'' *''

Serruria aemula ''Serruria aemula'' is a critically endangered species of flowering plant in the family Proteaceae, endemic to South Africa. It is known by the common name of strawberry spiderhead. This plant used to occur in large numbers on the Cape Flats of ...

'' *''

Serruria aitonii ''Serruria aitonii'', the marshmallow spiderhead, is a flower-bearing shrub that belongs to the genus ''Serruria'' and forms part of the fynbos. The plant is native to the Western Cape and occurs from the Cederberg and Sandveld to the Groot-Wint ...

'' *''

Serruria altiscapa ''Serruria altiscapa'', the stately spiderhead, is a flower-bearing shrub that belongs to the genus ''Serruria'' and forms part of the fynbos. The plant is native to the Western Cape and occurs at Blokkop in Villiersdorp as far as the Hottentots- ...

'' *'' Serruria balanocephala'' *''

Serruria bolusii ''Serruria bolusii'', the Agulhas spiderhead, is a flower-bearing shrub that belongs to the genus ''Serruria'' and forms part of the fynbos Fynbos (; meaning fine plants) is a small belt of natural shrubland or heathland vegetation located ...

'' *'' Serruria brownii'' *''

Serruria candicans ''Serruria candicans'', the shiny spiderhead, is a flower-bearing shrub that belongs to the genus ''Serruria'' and forms part of the fynbos. The plant is native to the Western Cape, where it occurs from Elandskloof to the Slanghoek Mountains a ...

'' *'' Serruria collina'' *''

Serruria confragosa ''Serruria confragosa'', the wavy spiderhead, is a flower-bearing shrub that belongs to the genus ''Serruria'' and forms part of the fynbos. The plant is native to the Western Cape and occurs in the Koue Bokkeveld Mountains and Great Winterhoek ...

'' *'' Serruria cyanoides'' *''

Serruria cygnea ''Serruria'', or spiderhead is a genus of flowering plants in the family Proteaceae, endemic to South Africa. Names ''Serruria'' was named in honor of Joseph Serrurier, a professor of botany at the Utrecht University early in the eighteenth ce ...

'' *''

Serruria decipiens ''Serruria'', or spiderhead is a genus of flowering plants in the family Proteaceae, endemic to South Africa. Names ''Serruria'' was named in honor of Joseph Serrurier, a professor of botany at the Utrecht University early in the eighteenth c ...

'' *''

Serruria decumbens ''Serruria'', or spiderhead is a genus of flowering plants in the family Proteaceae, endemic to South Africa. Names ''Serruria'' was named in honor of Joseph Serrurier, a professor of botany at the Utrecht University early in the eighteenth ce ...

'' *''

Serruria deluvialis ''Serruria'', or spiderhead is a genus of flowering plants in the family Proteaceae, endemic to South Africa. Names ''Serruria'' was named in honor of Joseph Serrurier, a professor of botany at the Utrecht University early in the eighteenth ce ...

'' *''

Serruria dodii ''Serruria'', or spiderhead is a genus of flowering plants in the family Proteaceae, endemic to South Africa. Names ''Serruria'' was named in honor of Joseph Serrurier, a professor of botany at the Utrecht University early in the eighteenth ce ...

'' *''

Serruria effusa ''Serruria'', or spiderhead is a genus of flowering plants in the family Proteaceae, endemic to South Africa. Names ''Serruria'' was named in honor of Joseph Serrurier, a professor of botany at the Utrecht University early in the eighteenth ce ...

'' *''

Serruria elongata ''Serruria elongata'' or long-stalk spiderhead is a plant belonging to the protea family. It is an erect, hairless shrublet of 1–1½ m (3½–5 ft) high with densely set, alternate, finely divided leaves lower down the plant, with needle- ...

'' *''

Serruria fasciflora ''Serruria fasciflora'' or common pin spiderhead is a species of flowering plant in the family Proteaceae. It is a sprawling to upright shrublet of 40 cm to 1 m (1–3 ft) high and about m (1 ft) wide. It has finely divided, upward curving ...

'' *''

Serruria flagellifolia ''Serruria'', or spiderhead is a genus of flowering plants in the family Proteaceae, endemic to South Africa. Names ''Serruria'' was named in honor of Joseph Serrurier, a professor of botany at the Utrecht University early in the eighteenth ce ...

'' *''

Serruria flava ''Serruria'', or spiderhead is a genus of flowering plants in the family Proteaceae, endemic to South Africa. Names ''Serruria'' was named in honor of Joseph Serrurier, a professor of botany at the Utrecht University early in the eighteenth ce ...

'' *'' Serruria florida'' *'' Serruria fucifolia'' *''

Serruria furcellata ''Serruria furcellata'', the Kraaifontein spiderhead, is a flower-bearing shrub that belongs to the genus ''Serruria'' and forms part of the fynbos. The plant is native to the Western Cape, it has always been found at Brackenfell, Kraaifontein an ...

'' *''

Serruria glomerata ''Serruria glomerata'', the cluster spiderhead, is a flower-bearing shrub that belongs to the genus ''Serruria'' and forms part of the fynbos. The plant is native to the Western Cape, it occurs on the Cape Flats and Cape Peninsula. The shrub is ...

'' *'' Serruria gracilis'' *''

Serruria gremialis ''Serruria'', or spiderhead is a genus of flowering plants in the family Proteaceae, endemic to South Africa. Names ''Serruria'' was named in honor of Joseph Serrurier, a professor of botany at the Utrecht University early in the eighteenth ce ...

'' *'' Serruria heterophylla'' *'' Serruria hirsuta'' *'' Serruria inconspicua'' *''

Serruria incrassata ''Serruria'', or spiderhead is a genus of flowering plants in the family Proteaceae, endemic to South Africa. Names ''Serruria'' was named in honor of Joseph Serrurier, a professor of botany at the Utrecht University early in the eighteenth ce ...

'' *'' Serruria kraussii'' *'' Serruria lacunosa'' *''

Serruria leipoldtii ''Serruria'', or spiderhead is a genus of flowering plants in the family Proteaceae, endemic to South Africa. Names ''Serruria'' was named in honor of Joseph Serrurier, a professor of botany at the Utrecht University early in the eighteenth ce ...

'' *'' Serruria linearis'' *'' Serruria meisneriana'' *'' Serruria millefolia'' *'' Serruria nervosa'' *'' Serruria nivenii'' *''

Serruria pedunculata ''Serruria'', or spiderhead is a genus of flowering plants in the family Proteaceae, endemic (ecology), endemic to South Africa. Names ''Serruria'' was named in honor of Joseph Serrurier, a professor of botany at the Utrecht University early i ...

'' *''

Serruria phylicoides ''Serruria phylicoides'', the bearded spiderhead, is a flower-bearing shrub that belongs to the genus ''Serruria'' and forms part of the fynbos. The plant is native to the Western Cape, where it occurs in the Du Toits Peak, the Hottentots Holland ...

'' *''

Serruria pinnata ''Serruria'', or spiderhead is a genus of flowering plants in the family Proteaceae, endemic to South Africa. Names ''Serruria'' was named in honor of Joseph Serrurier, a professor of botany at the Utrecht University early in the eighteenth ce ...

'' *'' Serruria rebeloi'' *''

Serruria reflexa ''Serruria reflexa'', the milky spiderhead, is a flowering shrub that belongs to the genus ''Serruria'' and forms part of the fynbos. The plant is endemic to the Western Cape The Western Cape is a province of South Africa, situated on the s ...

'' *'' Serruria rosea'' *'' Serruria rostellaris'' *'' Serruria roxburghii'' *'' Serruria rubricaulis'' *''

Serruria scoparia ''Serruria'', or spiderhead is a genus of flowering plants in the family Proteaceae, endemic to South Africa. Names ''Serruria'' was named in honor of Joseph Serrurier, a professor of botany at the Utrecht University early in the eighteenth c ...

'' *'' Serruria stellata'' *''

Serruria trilopha ''Serruria'', or spiderhead is a genus of flowering plants in the family Proteaceae, endemic to South Africa. Names ''Serruria'' was named in honor of Joseph Serrurier, a professor of botany at the Utrecht University early in the eighteenth ce ...

'' *'' Serruria triternata'' *'' Serruria villosa'' *'' Serruria viridifolia'' *''

Serruria williamsii ''Serruria williamsii'', commonly known as the king spiderhead, is a flower-bearing shrub that belongs to the genus ''Serruria'' and forms part of the fynbos. The plant is native to the Western Cape and only occurs in the Riviersonderend Mountain ...

'' *''

Serruria zeyheri ''Serruria'', or spiderhead is a genus of flowering plants in the family Proteaceae, endemic to South Africa. Names ''Serruria'' was named in honor of Joseph Serrurier, a professor of botany at the Utrecht University early in the eighteenth ce ...

References

Proteaceae genera Endemic flora of South Africa {{proteaceae-stub