Serbian Hajduk
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hajduks A hajduk ( hu, hajdúk, plural of ) is a type of irregular infantry found in Central and parts of Southeast Europe from the late 16th to mid 19th centuries. They have reputations ranging from bandits to freedom fighters depending on time, p ...
( sr, хајдуци / ''hajduci'') were
brigands Brigandage is the life and practice of highway robbery and plunder. It is practiced by a brigand, a person who usually lives in a gang and lives by pillage and robbery.Oxford English Dictionary second edition, 1989. "Brigand.2" first recorded usa ...
(
bandits Banditry is a type of organized crime committed by outlaws typically involving the threat or use of violence. A person who engages in banditry is known as a bandit and primarily commits crimes such as extortion, robbery, and murder, either as an ...
) and guerrilla freedom fighters (
rebels Rebels may refer to: * Participants in a rebellion * Rebel groups, people who refuse obedience or order * Rebels (American Revolution), patriots who rejected British rule in 1776 Film and television * ''Rebels'' (film) or ''Rebelles'', a 2019 F ...
) throughout Ottoman-held
Balkans The Balkans ( ), also known as the Balkan Peninsula, is a geographical area in southeastern Europe with various geographical and historical definitions. The region takes its name from the Balkan Mountains that stretch throughout the who ...
, mainly in
Serbia Serbia (, ; Serbian: , , ), officially the Republic of Serbia (Serbian: , , ), is a landlocked country in Southeastern and Central Europe, situated at the crossroads of the Pannonian Basin and the Balkans. It shares land borders with Hung ...
, organized into bands headed by a ''
harambaša Harambaša ( sr-cyr, Харамбаша) was the rank for a senior commander of a '' hajduk'' band ( brigand gangs). Etymology It is derived from Turkish word for bandit leader ( tr, haramibaşı; - "Bandit" + - "Head"), and was like some other ...
'' ("bandit leader"), who descended from the mountains and forests and robbed and attacked the Ottomans. They were often aided by foreign powers, such as the
Republic of Venice The Republic of Venice ( vec, Repùblega de Venèsia) or Venetian Republic ( vec, Repùblega Vèneta, links=no), traditionally known as La Serenissima ( en, Most Serene Republic of Venice, italics=yes; vec, Serenìsima Repùblega de Venèsia ...
and Habsburg monarchy, during greater conflicts. The hajduks are seen as part of the
Serbian national identity Serbia is the nation state of the Serbs, who are Serbia's dominant ethnic group. Serbs are also dominant in Republika Srpska, an entity of Bosnia and Herzegovina. In the 19th century, the Serbian national identity was manifested, with awareness of ...
. In stories, the hajduks were described as heroes; they had played the role of the Serbian elite during Ottoman rule, they had defended the
Serbs The Serbs ( sr-Cyr, Срби, Srbi, ) are the most numerous South Slavic ethnic group native to the Balkans in Southeastern Europe, who share a common Serbian ancestry, culture, history and language. The majority of Serbs live in their ...
against Ottoman oppression, and prepared for the national liberation and contributed to it in the
Serbian Revolution The Serbian Revolution ( sr, Српска револуција / ''Srpska revolucija'') was a national uprising and constitutional change in Serbia that took place between 1804 and 1835, during which this territory evolved from an Ottoman pro ...
. The
Chetniks The Chetniks ( sh-Cyrl-Latn, Четници, Četnici, ; sl, Četniki), formally the Chetnik Detachments of the Yugoslav Army, and also the Yugoslav Army in the Homeland and the Ravna Gora Movement, was a Yugoslav royalist and Serbian nation ...
also saw themselves as hajduks, freedom fighters. The hajduk movement is known as hajdučija (хајдучија) or hajdukovanje (хајдуковање). Ranks included '' buljubaša'' and ''
harambaša Harambaša ( sr-cyr, Харамбаша) was the rank for a senior commander of a '' hajduk'' band ( brigand gangs). Etymology It is derived from Turkish word for bandit leader ( tr, haramibaşı; - "Bandit" + - "Head"), and was like some other ...
'', adopted from the Ottomans. People that helped hajduks were called jataks. Jataks lived in villages and towns and provided food and shelter for hajduks. In return, hajduks would give them part of the loot. =16th century=
Starina Novak Starina Novak ( sr-Cyrl, Старинa Новак; ro, Baba Novac; bg, Баба Новак, meaning "Old Novak") was a Serb ''hajduk'' (brigand and rebel) who distinguished himself in many battles against the Ottoman Empire. He is considered a ...
(~1530–1601), a military commander in Wallachian service, is said to have been the oldest hajduk.
Deli-Marko Deli-Marko ( sr-cyr, Дели-Марко, "Wild Marko"; 1596–1619) or Marko Segedinac (, "Marko of Segedin"), was a Serb '' hajduk'' and military commander in Habsburg service, active during the Long Turkish War. He was mentioned for the first ...
(fl. 1596–1619), hajduk and military commander in Habsburg service.


18th century

On 26 November 1716, Austrian general Nastić with 400 soldiers and 500 hajduks attacked
Trebinje Trebinje ( sr-Cyrl, Требиње, ) is a city and municipality located in the Republika Srpska entity of Bosnia and Herzegovina. It is the southernmost city in Bosnia and Herzegovina and is situated on the banks of Trebišnjica river in the r ...
, but did not take it over. A combined Austro-Venetian-Hajduk force of 7,000 stood before the Trebinje walls, defended by 1,000 Ottomans. The Ottomans were busy near Belgrade and with hajduk attacks towards
Mostar Mostar (, ; sr-Cyrl, Мостар, ) is a city and the administrative center of Herzegovina-Neretva Canton of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina, an entity of Bosnia and Herzegovina, and the historical capital of Herzegovina. Mostar is sit ...
, and were thus unable to reinforce Trebinje. The conquest of Trebinje and
Popovo field Popovo field ( sh-Latn-Cyrl, separator=" / ", Popovo polje, Попово поље, , ) is a ''polje'' ( karstic field) in Bosnia and Herzegovina, located in a southernmost region of the country, near the Adriatic coast. Its size is . Popovo pol ...
were given up to fight in Montenegro. The Venetians took over Hutovo and Popovo, where they immediately recruited militarily from the population.


Kingdom of Serbia (1718–39)

The Serbs established a Hajduk army that supported the Austrians. The army was divided into 18 companies, in four groups. In this period, the most notable obor-kapetans were Vuk Isaković from Crna Bara,
Mlatišuma Staniša Marković ( sr-cyr, Станиша Марковић; 1664–1740), known as Mlatišuma (Млатишума), was a Habsburg Serbian '' obor-kapetan'' of Kragujevac. He had joined the Austrians in the Austro-Turkish War of 1716–18, an ...
from Kragujevac and
Kosta Dimitrijević Kosta may refer to: * Kosta, Estonia, a village in Vihula Parish, Lääne-Viru County, Estonia * Kosta, Greece a community in Greece * Kosta, Sweden, a village in Sweden * Coastal Andhra, region in India * Kosta Glasbruk, a glassworks in Sweden ...
from
Paraćin Paraćin ( sr-Cyrl, Параћин, ) is a town and municipality located in the Pomoravlje District of central Serbia. It is located in the valley of the Velika Morava river, north of Kruševac and southeast of Kragujevac. In 2011 the town had a ...
. The most notable obor-kapetans were Vuk Isaković from Crna Bara, Mlatišuma and
Kosta Dimitrijević Kosta may refer to: * Kosta, Estonia, a village in Vihula Parish, Lääne-Viru County, Estonia * Kosta, Greece a community in Greece * Kosta, Sweden, a village in Sweden * Coastal Andhra, region in India * Kosta Glasbruk, a glassworks in Sweden ...
from
Paraćin Paraćin ( sr-Cyrl, Параћин, ) is a town and municipality located in the Pomoravlje District of central Serbia. It is located in the valley of the Velika Morava river, north of Kruševac and southeast of Kragujevac. In 2011 the town had a ...
. Apart from the obor-kapetans, other notable commanders were kapetans Keza Radivojević from
Grocka Grocka ( sr-cyr, Гроцка, ) or Grocka na Dunavu ( sr-cyr, Гроцка на Дунаву, ) is a municipality of the city of Belgrade. According to the 2011 census results, the municipality has 83,906 inhabitants. Location and geography Th ...
and Sima Vitković from
Valjevo Valjevo (Serbian Cyrillic: Ваљево, ) is a city and the administrative center of the Kolubara District in western Serbia. According to the 2011 census, the administrative area of Valjevo had 90,312 inhabitants, 59,073 of whom were urban dwel ...
. In Kragujevac, there were two companies of 500 soldiers each. He conquered Kruševac with his militia, and carried much cattle. Colonel Lentulus ordered that part of the cattle be returned to the population, the second part was sent to Sekendorf, the third held by the colonel to the need of his army.


19th century


Great Eastern Crisis

During the
Great Eastern Crisis The Great Eastern Crisis of 1875–78 began in the Ottoman Empire's territories on the Balkan peninsula in 1875, with the outbreak of several uprisings and wars that resulted in the intervention of international powers, and was ended with the T ...
, set off by a
Serb The Serbs ( sr-Cyr, Срби, Srbi, ) are the most numerous South Slavs, South Slavic ethnic group native to the Balkans in Southeastern Europe, who share a common Serbian Cultural heritage, ancestry, Culture of Serbia, culture, History of ...
uprising against the
Ottoman Empire The Ottoman Empire, * ; is an archaic version. The definite article forms and were synonymous * and el, Оθωμανική Αυτοκρατορία, Othōmanikē Avtokratoria, label=none * info page on book at Martin Luther University) ...
in 1875 in
Bosnia Bosnia and Herzegovina ( sh, / , ), abbreviated BiH () or B&H, sometimes called Bosnia–Herzegovina and often known informally as Bosnia, is a country at the crossroads of south and southeast Europe, located in the Balkans. Bosnia and H ...
and
Herzegovina Herzegovina ( or ; sh-Latn-Cyrl, Hercegovina, separator=" / ", Херцеговина, ) is the southern and smaller of two main geographical region of Bosnia and Herzegovina, the other being Bosnia. It has never had strictly defined geograp ...
(the Herzegovina Uprising), Prince Peter adopted the ''
nom de guerre A pseudonym (; ) or alias () is a fictitious name that a person or group assumes for a particular purpose, which differs from their original or true name ( orthonym). This also differs from a new name that entirely or legally replaces an individu ...
'' of hajduk Petar Mrkonjić of
Ragusa Ragusa is the historical name of Dubrovnik. It may also refer to: Places Croatia * the Republic of Ragusa (or Republic of Dubrovnik), the maritime city-state of Ragusa * Cavtat (historically ' in Italian), a town in Dubrovnik-Neretva County, Cro ...
, and joined the Bosnian Serb insurgents as a leader of a guerilla unit.


Serbian Revolution

Among Serbian revolutionaries that had been active hajduks prior to the Revolution, were
Stanoje Glavaš Stanoje Stamatović ( sr-cyr, Станоје Стаматовић), known as Stanoje Glavaš (Станоје Главаш; 21 February 1763 – 15 February 1815) was a Serbian hajduk and hero in the First Serbian Uprising. Life Glavaš was born i ...
,
Hajduk-Veljko Veljko Petrović ( sr-cyr, Вељко Петровић, ; c. 1780 – 1813), known simply as Hajduk Veljko (Хајдук Вељко, ǎjduːk v̞ɛ̌ːʎkɔ, was one of the '' vojvodas'' (military commanders) of the Serbian Revolutionary force ...
,
Stojan Čupić Stojan Čupić (, sr-cyr, Стојан Чупић; ca. 1765 – 1815) was a Serbian revolutionary general (''vojvoda''), one of the most important commanders of the First Serbian Uprising. He was active in the Mačva region. __NOTOC__ Early li ...
,
Lazar Dobrić Lazar Dobrić also known as Laza Harambaša also spelled Harambascha(Serbian: Лазар Добрић или (or) Лаза Харамбаша; Novi Karlovci, Sase c. 1755–1803) was a Serbian hajduk who went by the name of Laza Harambaša and was ...
, and others.


List of notable hajduks

This is a list of notable people, in chronological manner. Hajduks who participated in the
Serbian Revolution The Serbian Revolution ( sr, Српска револуција / ''Srpska revolucija'') was a national uprising and constitutional change in Serbia that took place between 1804 and 1835, during which this territory evolved from an Ottoman pro ...
(1804–1815) are also found in :People of the Serbian Revolution.


Early modern period

*
Grujica Žeravica Grujica Žeravica ( sr-cyr, Грујица Жеравица; 1665–69) was a Serb ''hajduk'' commander active in the Ottoman territories of Herzegovina and southern Dalmatia during the Venetian–Ottoman war (1645–69). The hajduks, Ottoman subj ...
(fl. 1645), hajduk from Herzegovina and southern Dalmatia during Venetian-Ottoman war (1645-1649) *
Starina Novak Starina Novak ( sr-Cyrl, Старинa Новак; ro, Baba Novac; bg, Баба Новак, meaning "Old Novak") was a Serb ''hajduk'' (brigand and rebel) who distinguished himself in many battles against the Ottoman Empire. He is considered a ...
(~1530–1601), commander in Wallachian service * Sava Temišvarac (fl. 1594–1612), Habsburg service * Deli-Marko Segedinac (fl. 1596–1619), Habsburg service *
Petar Rac Petar ( sr, Петар, bg, Петър) is a South Slavic masculine given name, their variant of the Biblical name Petros cognate to Peter. Derivative forms include Pero, Pejo, Pera, Perica, Petrica, Periša. Feminine equivalent is Petra ...
(fl. 1596), Habsburg service *
Đorđe Rac Đorđe ( sr-Cyrl, Ђорђе; transliterated Djordje) is a Serbian given name, a Serbian variant, derived from Greek ''Georgios'' (''George'' in English). Other variants include: Đurđe, Đurađ, Đura, Đuro, Georgije. It may refer to: * Đ ...
(fl. 1596), Habsburg service *
Mihailo Rac Mihailo ( sr-cyr, Михаило) or Mihajlo () is a Serbian masculine given name, a variant of the Hebrew name ''Michael''. Common as a given name among Serbs, it is an uncommon surname. It may refer to: * Mihailo Vojislavljević (fl. 1050–d. 1 ...
(fl. 1596), Habsburg service *
Kuzman Rac Kuzman (Bulgarian, Macedonian and sr-cyr, Кузман) is a male given name, the South Slavic variant of the Greek ''Cosmas''. It may refer to: *Kuzman Shapkarev (1834-1909), Bulgarian folklorist *Kuzman Sotirović (1908-1990), Serbian and Yugosl ...
(fl. 1596), Habsburg service *
Nikola Rac Nikola () is a given name which, like Nicholas, is a version of the Greek ''Nikolaos'' (Νικόλαος). It is common as a masculine given name in the South Slavic countries (Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Croatia, North Macedonia, Monteneg ...
(fl. 1596), Habsburg service * Vuk Rac (fl. 1596), Habsburg service *
Đorđe Slankamenac Đorđe ( sr-Cyrl, Ђорђе; transliterated Djordje) is a Serbian given name, a Serbian variant, derived from Greek ''Georgios'' ('' George'' in English). Other variants include: Đurđe, Đurađ, Đura, Đuro, Georgije. It may refer to: * ...
(fl. 1596), Habsburg service * Živko Crni *
Grdan Grdan ( sr-cyr, Грдан; 1596–d. 1612) was the '' vojvoda'' (duke) of the Nikšić '' nahija'', part of the Sanjak of Herzegovina (Ottoman Empire), who led several uprisings against the Ottomans in between 1596 and 1612, alongside Serbian Pa ...
(fl. 1596–d. 1612) *
Teodor of Vršac Teodor ( sr-cyr, Теодор; fl. 1594) was the Serbian Orthodox Bishop of Vršac (епископ вршачки), who in 1594 was the leader of the Banat Uprising against Ottoman occupation amidst the Long War (1593-1606). After talks with Sig ...
, Sava Ban and Velja Mironić ( 1594), raised the
Uprising in Banat The Uprising in Banat was a rebellion organized and led by Serbian Orthodox bishop Teodor of Vršac and Sava Temišvarac against the Ottomans in the Eyalet of Temeşvar. The uprising broke out in 1594, in the initial stage of the Long Turki ...
*
Jovan Rac Jovan may refer to: * Jovan (given name), a list of people with this given name * Jovan, Mawal, a village on the western coastal region of Maharashtra, India *Jōvan Musk, a cologne * Deli Jovan, a mountain in eastern Serbia * Róbert Jován (born ...
(fl. 1653) *
Bajo Pivljanin Bajo Pivljanin ( sr-cyr, Бајо Пивљанин – 7 May 1685), born Dragojlo Nikolić, was a Montenegrin and Serbian ''hajduk'' commander mostly active in the Ottoman territories of Herzegovina and southern Dalmatia. Born in Piva, at the ...
(fl. 1669 – died 1685), commander in Venetian service during the Cretan War *
Jovan Monasterlija Jovan Monasterlija ( sr-cyr, Јован Монастерлија; fl. 1683–1706) was a Serbian ''vice-voivode'' (podvojvoda) and Austrian (Holy Roman Empire) imperial officer that led a Serbian Militia against the Ottoman Empire and other enemie ...
(fl. 1689–1706), commander in Austrian service *
Arnold Paole Arnold Paole (''Arnont Paule'' in the original documents; an early German rendition of a Serbian name or nickname, perhaps Арнаут Павле, ''Arnaut Pavle''; died c. 1726) was a Serbian hajduk who was believed to have become a vampire after ...
(d. 1726), militiaman in Austrian service, noted as alleged vampire * Vuk Isakovič (fl. 1696–1759), commander in Austrian service *
Nikac Tomanović Nikac Tomanović ( sr, Никац Томановић; 1755–56), known in epic poetry as Nikac of Rovine (Никац од Ровина/Nikac od Rovina), was Montenegrin ''harambaša'' in Nikšić and contemporary of Sava Petrović Njegoš (1735 ...
(fl. 1695–1755), commander in Montenegro *
Koča Anđelković Korun "Koča" Anđelković ( sr-cyr, Коча Анђелковић, 1755 – 7 September 1788), known as Captain Koča (Kapetan Koča), was a Serbian leader of the Serbian Free Corps, the Habsburg military unit that fought the Ottomans during ...
(1755–1789), commander in Austrian service, led the Koča's frontier rebellion *
Stanko Arambašić Stanko Arambašić ( sr-Cyrl, Станко Арамбашић; Levač in the village of Kolare, Ottoman Empire, today Serbia, 1764 - Smederevo, Ottoman Empire, 21 September 1798) was a Serbian Free Corps commander who liberated parts of Serbia duri ...
(1764–1798), commander of Serb officers in Ottoman service *
Lazar Dobrić Lazar Dobrić also known as Laza Harambaša also spelled Harambascha(Serbian: Лазар Добрић или (or) Лаза Харамбаша; Novi Karlovci, Sase c. 1755–1803) was a Serbian hajduk who went by the name of Laza Harambaša and was ...
(fl. 1790),


Serbian Revolution

*
Karađorđe Đorđe Petrović ( sr-Cyrl, Ђорђе Петровић, ), better known by the sobriquet Karađorđe ( sr-Cyrl, Карађорђе, lit=Black George, ;  – ), was a Serbian revolutionary who led the struggle for his country's indepen ...
(1768–1817), leader of the First Serbian Uprising and founder of modern Serbia *
Stanoje Glavaš Stanoje Stamatović ( sr-cyr, Станоје Стаматовић), known as Stanoje Glavaš (Станоје Главаш; 21 February 1763 – 15 February 1815) was a Serbian hajduk and hero in the First Serbian Uprising. Life Glavaš was born i ...
(1763–1815), vojvoda in the First Serbian Uprising *
Stojan Čupić Stojan Čupić (, sr-cyr, Стојан Чупић; ca. 1765 – 1815) was a Serbian revolutionary general (''vojvoda''), one of the most important commanders of the First Serbian Uprising. He was active in the Mačva region. __NOTOC__ Early li ...
, vojvoda in the First Serbian Uprising * Đorđe Ćurčija (d. 1804), vojvoda in the First Serbian Uprising * Hajduk Veljko (c. 1780–1813), vojvoda in the First Serbian Uprising *
Stojan Abraš Stojan Abraš (1780–1813) was a Serbian revolutionary who participant in the First Serbian Uprising as a hajduk, boluk-bashi, bimbashi under the command of Hajduk Veljko Petrović. He is memorialized in many epic ballads in Serbia and Romania (W ...
(1780-1813) participated as one of the leaders in the First Serbian Uprising *
Pavle Irić Pavle (Macedonian language, Macedonian and sr-cyr, Павле; ka, პავლე) is a Serbian, Macedonian, Croatian and Georgian male given name corresponding to English Paul (given name), Paul; the name is of Bible, biblical origin (cf. Saint ...
*
Jovan Mićić Jovan may refer to: *Jovan (given name), a list of people with this given name *Jovan, Mawal, a village on the western coastal region of Maharashtra, India *Jōvan Musk, a cologne *Deli Jovan, a mountain in eastern Serbia *Róbert Jován (born 1967 ...
* Petronije Šišo


Rebels in Bosnia and Herzegovina

*
Jovan Šibalija Jovan may refer to: *Jovan (given name), a list of people with this given name *Jovan, Mawal, a village on the western coastal region of Maharashtra, India *Jōvan Musk, a cologne *Deli Jovan, a mountain in eastern Serbia *Róbert Jován (born 1967 ...
(fl. 1804–15), rebel leader in
Drobnjaci Drobnjaci (, ) are historical tribe and region, Drobnjak, in Old Herzegovina in Montenegro (municipalities from Nikšić to Šavnik, Žabljak and Pljevlja). Its unofficial centre is in Šavnik. The Serb Orthodox families have St. George (' ...
, participated in the First Serbian Uprising * Šujo Karadžić (fl. 1804–15), rebel leader in Drobnjaci, participated in the First Serbian Uprising *
Joko Kusovac may refer to , a title of a retired Emperor of Japan. Joko may also refer to: Name Indonesia Joko is a masculine name for Indonesian people, especially Javanese people. Outside Indonesia * Joko Beck * Jōkō Ninomiya * Joko Obama * Joko W ...
(d. 1863), priest, serdar and rebel leader * Petar Popović–Pecija (1826–1875), led the Doljani Revolt (1858) and Bosanska Krajina Uprising (1875–78) *
Luka Vukalović Luka may refer to: People * Luka (given name), a South Slavic masculine given name cognate of Luke, and a Japanese given name * Luka (singer), stage name of Brazilian singer and songwriter Luciana Karina Santos de Lima (born 1979) * Luka Keʻelik ...
(1823–1873), led the
Herzegovina Uprising (1852–62) Herzegovina uprising or Herzegovinian uprising may refer to: * Herzegovina uprising (1596–97), fought by Serbs in Herzegovina against the Ottoman Empire, 1596–1597 * Herzegovina uprising (1852–62), fought by Serbs in Herzegovina against the ...
*
Mićo Ljubibratić Mihajlo "Mićo" Ljubibratić ( sr-cyr, Мићо Љубибратић; 1839 – 26 February 1889) was a Serbian ''voivode'' (military commander), Orthodox priest, writer and translator that participated in the many uprisings in the Herzegovina regio ...
(1839–1889), participated in the Herzegovina Uprising (1852–62) *
Pero Tunguz Pero may refer to: * Pero (mythology), several personages in Greek mythology ** Pero (princess), daughter of Neleus * Pero (name), a list of people with either the given name or surname Pero * Pero language, a language of Nigeria * Pero, Lombar ...
(fl. 1875), *
Lazo Škundrić Lazo may refer to: Places *imeni Lazo District, a district in Khabarovsk Krai, Russia *Lazo, Russia, name of several rural localities in Russia *Lazo, a village in Hăsnăşenii Noi Commune, Drochia District, Moldova *Lazo, a village in Alava, Şte ...
(fl. 1875), *
Petko Kovačević Petko is a South Slavic (Петко) masculine given name and East Slavic (Петько) surname. It may refer to: Given name *Petko Petkov (disambiguation) *Petko Slaveykov (1827–1895), 19th-century Bulgarian poet, publicist, public figure and f ...
(fl. 1875), *
Prodan Rupar Prodan Rupar ( sr-cyr, Продан Рупар, 1815–1875) was one of the most prominent leaders of the Herzegovina Uprising (1875–77). Experience from the previous Herzegovina Uprising (1852–62) helped him to successfully lead the later upri ...
(1815–1877), leader in the
Herzegovina Uprising (1875–77) Herzegovina uprising or Herzegovinian uprising may refer to: * Herzegovina uprising (1596–97), fought by Serbs in Herzegovina against the Ottoman Empire, 1596–1597 * Herzegovina uprising (1852–62), fought by Serbs in Herzegovina against the ...
*
Draga Mastilović Draga may refer to: People * Draga (surname) * Draga (given name) Geography In Croatia: * Mošćenička Draga, a village and a municipality in Primorje-Gorski Kotar County * Draga, Požega-Slavonia County, a village near Velika, Croatia * Dra ...
(d. 1877), rebel leader *
Golub Babić Golub Babić ( sr-cyr, Голуб Бабић; 7 September 1824 – 19 December 1910) was a Bosnian Serb guerrilla chief and one of the most prominent rebel commanders of the 1875–77 Herzegovina Uprising in the Ottoman Empire's Bosnia Vilaye ...
(1824–1910), rebel leader in Western Bosnia. * Stojan Kovačević (1821–1911),


Rebels in Old Serbia and Macedonia

* Čakr-paša *
Velika Begovica Velika Begovica ( sr-cyr, Велика Беговица; 1876–78) was a female rebel in the Kozjak region, which was under Ottoman rule (today part of North Macedonia), active during the Serbo-Turkish War (1876–78). She was born in Ramno ( St ...
* Spiro Crne * Micko Krstić *
Gligor Sokolović Gligor Sokolović ( sr-cyr, Глигор Соколовић; 17 or 5 January 1870 or 1872 – 30 July 1910]) was one of the supreme commanders (''Great Voivode'') of the Serbian Chetnik Organization, Serbian Chetnik Movement, that fought the Ot ...
(1872–1910), in Ottoman Macedonia


Literature


Hajduks in epic poetry

In
Serbian epic poetry Serbian epic poetry ( sr, Српске епске народне песме, Srpske epske narodne pesme) is a form of epic poetry created by Serbs originating in today's Serbia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, Montenegro and North Macedonia. The ...
, the hajduks are cherished as heroes, freedom fighters against the Ottoman rule. There is a whole ''cyclus'' regarding the hajduks and
uskoks The Uskoks ( hr, Uskoci, , singular: ; notes on naming) were irregular soldiers in Habsburg Croatia that inhabited areas on the eastern Adriatic coast and surrounding territories during the Ottoman wars in Europe. Bands of Uskoks fought a g ...
. Among the most notable hajduks in the epics were
Starina Novak Starina Novak ( sr-Cyrl, Старинa Новак; ro, Baba Novac; bg, Баба Новак, meaning "Old Novak") was a Serb ''hajduk'' (brigand and rebel) who distinguished himself in many battles against the Ottoman Empire. He is considered a ...
,
Mali Radojica Mali Radojica ( sr, Мали Радојица, en, Little Radojica) is a Serbian hajduk and Serb epic poem of the same name. The poem follows his life surviving torture by the Turks in an Ottoman prison, later successfully escaping with the hel ...
,
Stari Vujadin Stari ( sla, Stari, "Old One") could have multiple meanings: * Stari, a rural locality in Babushkinsky District of Vologda Oblast of Russia. * Stari, a nickname of Đuro Pucar. * Stari, a nickname of Josip Broz Tito Josip Broz ( sh-Cyrl, ...
, Predrag and Nenad,
Novak Novak (in Serbo-Croatian and Slovene; Cyrillic: ), Novák (in Hungarian, Czech and Slovak), Nowak or Novack (in German and Polish), is a surname and masculine given name, derived from the Slavic word for "new" (e.g. pl, nowy, cz, nový, ...
,
Grujica Žeravica Grujica Žeravica ( sr-cyr, Грујица Жеравица; 1665–69) was a Serb ''hajduk'' commander active in the Ottoman territories of Herzegovina and southern Dalmatia during the Venetian–Ottoman war (1645–69). The hajduks, Ottoman subj ...
, etc.


Novels

Hajduks are the theme of many novels, such as
Branislav Nušić Branislav Nušić ( sr-cyr, Бранислав Нушић, ;  – 19 January 1938) was a Serbian playwright, satirist, essayist, novelist and founder of modern rhetoric in Serbia. He also worked as a journalist and a civil servant. Life Br ...
's ''Hajduci'' (1955), Miljanov et al. ''Srpski hajduci'' (1996), etc.


See also

*
Jovan Nenad Jovan Nenad ( sr-cyr, Јован Ненад; hu, Fekete Iván or ; ca. 1492 – 26 July 1527), known as ''the Black'' was a Serb military commander in the service of the Kingdom of Hungary who took advantage of a Hungarian military defeat at Moh ...
, military commander in Hungarian service who revolted and declared his own state *
Radoslav Čelnik Radoslav Čelnik ( sr-cyrl, Радослав Челник, hu, Cselnik Radoszláv; 1526–1532), known as Vojvoda Rajko (), was a Serb general ('' vojvoda'') in the army of Jovan Nenad, the titular Serbian Emperor who held present-day Vojvodina, ...
, Jovan Nenad's subcommander, likewise declared
Syrmia Syrmia ( sh, Srem/Срем or sh, Srijem/Сријем, label=none) is a region of the southern Pannonian Plain, which lies between the Danube and Sava rivers. It is divided between Serbia and Croatia. Most of the region is flat, with the ex ...
his own state * Jovo Stanisavljević Čaruga (1897–1925),
Slavonia Slavonia (; hr, Slavonija) is, with Dalmatia, Croatia proper, and Istria, one of the four historical regions of Croatia. Taking up the east of the country, it roughly corresponds with five Croatian counties: Brod-Posavina, Osijek-Baranja, ...
n outlaw


References


Further reading

*Коцић, М. (2013). Венеција и хајдуци у доба Морејског рата. *Милошевић, М. (1988). Хајдуци у Боки Которској 1648–1718. Титоград, ЦАНУ. *Стојановић, М., & Samardžić, R. (1984). Хајдуци и клефти у народном песништву. Српска академија наука и уметности, Балканолошки институт. *Popović, D. J. (1930). O hajducima (Vol. 1). Narodna štampanja. *Žanić, I. (1998). Prevarena povijest: guslarska estrada, kult hajduka i rat u Hrvatskoj i Bosni i Hercegovini, 1990-1995. godine. Durieux. *Bracewell, W. (2005). 'Hajduci kao heroji u balkanskoj politici i kulturi'(trans. of" The Proud Name of Hajduk"). * *{{cite book, last=Suvajdžić, first=Boško, year=1953, title=Српска хајдучка епика у јужнословенском контексту Serbian rebels Serbian folklore Serbian military personnel Serbian soldiers Serbian guerrillas Ottoman Serbia Serbia under Habsburg rule Serbian culture Characters in Serbian epic poetry