The Seneschal of Gascony was an officer carrying out and managing the domestic affairs of the lord of the
Duchy of Gascony
The Duchy of Gascony or Duchy of Vasconia ( eu, Baskoniako dukerria; oc, ducat de Gasconha; french: duché de Gascogne, duché de Vasconie) was a duchy located in present-day southwestern France and northeastern Spain, an area encompassing the ...
. During the course of the twelfth century, the seneschalship, also became an office of military command. After 1360, the officer was the Seneschal of Aquitaine."Principal Office Holders in the Duchy" an "Seneschals of Gascony, of Aquitaine after 1360 (1273–1453)" ''The Gascon Rolls Project (1317–1468)''. There was an office above the seneschalcy, the Lieutenancy of the Duchy of Aquitaine, but it was filled only intermittently (in times of emergency).
The seneschal managed the household, coordinating between the receivers of various landholdings and the chamber, treasury, and the chancellory or chapel. The seneschals of Gascony, like those appointed in
Normandy
Normandy (; french: link=no, Normandie ; nrf, Normaundie, Nouormandie ; from Old French , plural of ''Normant'', originally from the word for "northman" in several Scandinavian languages) is a geographical and cultural region in Northwestern ...
,
Poitou
Poitou (, , ; ; Poitevin dialect, Poitevin: ''Poetou'') was a Provinces of France, province of west-central France whose capital city was Poitiers. Both Poitou and Poitiers are named after the Pictones Gallic tribe.
Geography
The main histori ...
, and Anjou had custody of demesne fortresses, the regional treasuries, and presidency of the highest court of regional custom. Detailed records of the Gascon Exchequers during the reign of
Henry III of England
Henry III (1 October 1207 – 16 November 1272), also known as Henry of Winchester, was King of England, Lord of Ireland, and Duke of Aquitaine from 1216 until his death in 1272. The son of King John and Isabella of Angoulême, Henry as ...
indicate that there most likely was a functioning exchequer.
List of Seneschals
* Robert of Thornham (1201–1202)"Seneschals and lieutenants of Gascony in the Oxford DNB", ''Oxford Dictionary of National Biography'' (22 September 2005), retrieved 24 October 2018.
*
Geoffrey de Neville
Geoffrey de Neville (died c. 1225) was an English nobleman who served as King's Chamberlain and Seneschal of Gascony and Périgord.
Life
Neville was a younger son of Alan de Neville and a daughter of the lord of Pont Audemer. Neville is fir ...
(1214) – first appointment
* Reginald of Pons (1214–1217)
*Geoffrey de Neville (1218–1219) – second appointment
** Philip of Oldcoates (1220) – died while enroute in October 1220
* Hugh de Vivonne (1221) – first appointment
*
Savari de Mauléon
Savari de Mauléon (also Savaury) ( oc, Savaric de Malleo) (died 1236) was a French soldier, the son of Raoul de Mauléon, Viscount of Thouars and Lord of Mauléon.
Having espoused the cause of Arthur I, Duke of Brittany, he was captured at M ...
(1221–1224)
*
Richard of Cornwall
Richard (5 January 1209 – 2 April 1272) was an English prince who was King of the Romans from 1257 until his death in 1272. He was the second son of John, King of England, and Isabella, Countess of Angoulême. Richard was nominal Count of P ...
(1225)
*
Henry de Turberville
Sir Henry de Turberville (died 1239), was a noted English soldier and Seneschal of Gascony (1227–1230, 1234–1237 and 1238).
Origins and early years
He was the son of Robert Turberville. In the latter part of John of England's reign Trublevi ...
(1227–1230) – first appointment
** Richard de Burgh (1231) – never took office
*Hugh de Vivonne (1231–1234) – second appointment
*Henry de Turberville (1234–1237) – second appointment
*Hubert Hoese (1237–1238)
*Henry de Turberville (1238) – third appointment
* Rustan de Solers (1241–1242)
* John Maunsell (1242–1243)
* Nicholas de Moels (1243–1245)
*
William de Boell
William de Boell was a 13th century Norman knight and administrator who served as Warden of the Norman Isles (1240), Seneschal of Gascony (1245-1247) during the reign of King Henry III of England.
Life
Boell was formerly a marshal of the king' ...
(1245–1247)
*
Drogo de Barentyn
Sir Drogo de Barentyn (died 1264 or 1265) was an English knight and administrator who served as Warden of Guernsey and Jersey, Seneschal of Gascony and Constable of Windsor Castle. He held a manor at Chalgrove, South Oxfordshire, known as Barenti ...
(1247–1248) – first appointment
* Simon de Montfort (1248)
* Richard de Grey (1248)
*Drogo de Barentyn (1250) – second appointment, held jointly
*Peter de Bordeaux (1250) – held jointly
*
John de Grey
John de Gray or de Grey (died 18 October 1214) was an English prelate who served as Bishop of Norwich, and was elected but unconfirmed Archbishop of Canterbury. He was employed in the service of Prince John of England, John even before John bec ...
(1253–1254)
**Richard de Grey – acting during the seneschal's absence in 1253
*
Stephen Bauzan
Sir Stephen Bauzan (born after 1210 – died 1257) was an English knight. Stephen descended from a prominent family originating in Devon/Cornwall.
Move to Wales
Bauzan first came to South Wales in the service of Gilbert Marshal, 4th Earl of Pemb ...
Jean I de Grailly
Jean I de Grailly (died c. 1301) was the seneschal of the Duchy of Gascony from 1266 to 1268, of the Kingdom of Jerusalem from about 1272 until about 1276, and of Gascony again from 1278 until 1286 or 1287.
Early life
Jean was born on the shores o ...
(1266–1268) – first appointment
*
Thomas d'Ippegrave
Thomas d'Ippegrave was an English official who had "a career fairly characteristic of the more capable clerks" in the household of the Lord Edward, future Edward I of England.J. Robin Studd, ''A Catalogue of the Acts of the Lord Edward, 1254–127 ...
(1268–1269)
*Fortaner de Cazeneuve (1269)
*
Hugh de Turberville
Hugh de Turberville (died 1293) was an English noble and soldier.
Life
Hugh de Turberville was from the Turberville family of Crickhowell, Brecknockshire, Wales. From 1271 to 1272 he served as the Seneschal of Gascony. Hugh held Crickhowell ...
(1271–1272)
* Luke de Tany (1272–1278)
*Jean I de Grailly (1278–1283) – second appointment
** John de Vaux (1283) – never took office
*Jean I de Grailly (1283–1287) – third appointment
* William Middleton (1287–1288)
*
John de Havering
John de Havering (died 1309) was an Kingdom of England, English military and civil servant. He was considered one of the most experienced administrators of King Edward I, serving as Seneschal of Gascony and as Justiciar of North Wales.
Life
...
(1288–1294) – first appointment
*
John St John John St. John may refer to:
Politicians
*John St. John (MP for Northamptonshire) (aft.1360-1424), MP for Northamptonshire in 1410, 1411, 1416, and 1421
*John St. John (MP for Bedfordshire) (bef. 1495–1558), MP for Bedfordshire, 1539, 1542
* John ...
(1294–1297)
* John de Hastings (1302–1305) – first appointment
*John de Havering (1305–1308) – second appointment
* Guy Ferre (1308–1309) – first appointment
**Amanèu du Foussat (1309–1310) – acting during the seneschal's absence from September 1309 to February 1310
*John de Hastings (1309–1312) – second appointment
**Assiu de Galard – acting during the seneschal's absence from August 1311 to February 1312
* John de Ferrers of Chartley (1312) – died in office
**Jordan Morant – his lieutenant
*Estèbe Ferréol (1312–1313)
*
Amaury III de Craon
Amaury III de Craon (died 1333), Lord of Créon, Mareuil and Sablé, Seneschal of Gascony as well as seneschal of Seneschal of Anjou, Anjou, Seneschal of Maine, Maine and Seneschal of Touraine, Touraine.
Life
He was a son of Maurice V of Craon an ...
(1313–1316) – first appointment
**Gaucelm de Campagne his lieutenant
* Gilbert Peche (1316–1317)
*
Antonio di Pessagno
Sir Antonio (di) Pessagno (c. 1280 – aft. 1334) was a Genoese merchant and administrator. He is known mainly from his activities in England and France. He was the chief financier of King Edward II of England from 1312 until 1319.
Pessagno belo ...
(1317–1318)
**Amanèu du Foussat (1317–1318) – acting during the seneschal's absence from November 1317.
* William de Montague (1318–1319) – died in office
*Amanèu du Foussat (1319–1320)
* Maurice de Berkeley (1320–1320)
*Amaury III de Craon (1320–1322) – second appointment
* Fulk le Strange (1322)
* Ralph Basset of Drayton (1323–1324) – first appointment
*Robert de Shirland (1324)
*
Richard Grey
Sir Richard Grey (1457 – 25 June 1483) was an English knight and the half-brother of King Edward V of England.
Early life
Richard Grey was the younger son of Sir John Grey of Groby and Elizabeth Woodville. Richard was a 3-year-old child w ...
(1324)
*Ralph Basset of Drayton (1324) – second appointment
* John de Wisham (1324–1325)
*
John de Segrave
John is a common English name and surname:
* John (given name)
* John (surname)
John may also refer to:
New Testament
Works
* Gospel of John, a title often shortened to John
* First Epistle of John, often shortened to 1 John
* Second E ...
(1324–1325) – probably never took up office
* Henri IV de Sully (1325–1326)
* Oliver Ingham (1326–1327) – first appointment
*
*
John de Hausted
John de Hausted (died 1337) was a 13th-14th century English nobleman who fought in both the Anglo-French War and in the First War of Scottish Independence.
Hausted was the second son of Robert de Hausted of Horpole. During 1307, John received a ...
(1327–1331)
*Oliver Ingham (1331–1343) – second appointment
** John de Norwich (1338) – lieutenant of above
*
Nicholas de la Beche
Nicholas de la Beche (died 1345), Seneschal of Gascony, was a 14th-century English noble.Burke, p. 38.
Beche was appointed Constable of the Tower of London in October 1335 and was appointed as governor to Edward of Woodstock, heir to King Ed ...
Frank van Hallen
Frank van Hallen K.G. (died 1375), Seneschal of Gascony, was a 14th-century Brabant soldier in the service of King Edward III of England. He was also known as Frank de la Halle or Frank de Hale.John de Cheverston (1350––?1351) – first appointment
**
Arnold Savage
Sir Arnold Savage of Bobbing, Kent (8 September 13581410) was the English Speaker of the House of Commons from 1400 to 1402 and then again from 1403 to 1404 and a Knight of the Shire of Kent who was referred to as "the great comprehensive sym ...
(1350) – lieutenant of above
**
John de Charneles
John de Charneles was a 14th century English knight and administrator who served as Keeper of the Great Wardrobe
The King's Wardrobe, together with the Chamber, made up the personal part of medieval English government known as the King's househ ...
John Chandos
Sir John Chandos, Viscount of Saint-Sauveur in the Cotentin, Constable of Aquitaine, Seneschal of Poitou, (c. 1320 – 31 December 1369) was a medieval English knight who hailed from Radbourne Hall, Derbyshire. Chandos was a close friend of ...
(1361–1362)
*John de Cheverston (1362) – third appointment
* Thomas Felton (1363–1377)
*
William le Scrope
William le Scrope, Earl of Wiltshire, King of Mann (c. 1350 – 29 July 1399) was a close supporter of King Richard II of England. He was a second son of Richard le Scrope, 1st Baron Scrope of Bolton.
Life
He was a soldier-adventurer in Lithu ...
(1383–1384) – first appointment
* John Harpeden (1385–1389)
* John Trailly (1389–1390) – first appointment
*William le Scrope (1390–1394) – second appointment
*John Trailly (1397) – second appointment
* Archambaud de Grailly (1397–1399)
*
Gaillard II de Durfort
Gaillard II de Durfort (died 1422), Lord of Duras, Blanquefort, and Villandraut, and Seneschal of Gascony, was a 13th-14th century Gascon nobleman of the Durfort family.
Life
Durfort was the eldest son of Gaillard I de Durfort (died 1356) and ...
Robert Roos
Robert "Rob" Roos (born 2 August 1966) is a Dutch politician and a current Member of the European Parliament (MEP). He is a member of the JA21 political party, since leaving the Forum for Democracy (FvD) in 2020.
Roos worked in the telecoms ind ...
(1442–1443)
* William Bonville (1442–1445) – first appointment
*Robert Vere (1445) – second appointment
*William Bonville (1450) – second appointment
* Richard Woodville (1450–1453)
*William Bonville (1453) – third appointment, did not act
*
Roger Camoys
Sir Roger Camoys of Broadwater Manor, titled Lord Camoys, was an English soldier and diplomat who served briefly as the last Seneschal of Gascony in 1453, the last year of the Hundred Years' War.
Life
Camoys was the second son of Thomas de Cam ...