Semaphorin-4D (SEMA4D) also known as Cluster of Differentiation 100 (CD100), is a
protein of the
semaphorin family that in humans is encoded by the ''SEMA4D''
gene.
Function
Semaphorin 4D (Sema 4D) is an
axon guidance
Axon guidance (also called axon pathfinding) is a subfield of neural development concerning the process by which neurons send out axons to reach their correct targets. Axons often follow very precise paths in the nervous system, and how they mana ...
molecule which is secreted by
oligodendrocytes and induces
growth cone collapse in the
central nervous system. By binding
plexin B1 receptor it functions as an R-Ras GTPase-activating protein (GAP) and repels axon growth cones in both the mature central nervous system.
In the immune system, CD100 binds
CD72 to activate
B cell
B cells, also known as B lymphocytes, are a type of white blood cell of the lymphocyte subtype. They function in the humoral immunity component of the adaptive immune system. B cells produce antibody molecules which may be either secreted or ...
s and
dendritic cell
Dendritic cells (DCs) are antigen-presenting cells (also known as ''accessory cells'') of the mammalian immune system. Their main function is to process antigen material and present it on the cell surface to the T cells of the immune system. ...
s, though much about this interaction is still under investigation.
During
skin damage repairs, SEMA4D interacts with
Plexin B2 on
Gamma delta T cells to play a role in the healing process.
See also
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Cluster of differentiation
References
Further reading
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External links
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Clusters of differentiation
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