Seemab Akbarabadi ( ur, ) born Aashiq Hussain Siddiqui ( ur, , 5 June 1882 – 31 January 1951) was an Urdu poet from
British India
The provinces of India, earlier presidencies of British India and still earlier, presidency towns, were the administrative divisions of British governance on the Indian subcontinent. Collectively, they have been called British India. In one ...
and
Pakistan
Pakistan ( ur, ), officially the Islamic Republic of Pakistan ( ur, , label=none), is a country in South Asia. It is the world's List of countries and dependencies by population, fifth-most populous country, with a population of almost 24 ...
Seemab Akbarabadi, (born Aashiq Hussain Siddiqui) a descendant of
Abu Bakr
Abu Bakr Abdallah ibn Uthman Abi Quhafa (; – 23 August 634) was the senior companion and was, through his daughter Aisha, a father-in-law of the Islamic prophet Muhammad, as well as the first caliph of Islam. He is known with the honor ...
, the first
Caliph
A caliphate or khilāfah ( ar, خِلَافَة, ) is an institution or public office under the leadership of an Islamic steward with the title of caliph (; ar, خَلِيفَة , ), a person considered a political-religious successor to th ...
of Islam, was born in Imliwale makaan of Kakoo Gali, Nai Mandi,
Agra
Agra (, ) is a city on the banks of the Yamuna river in the Indian state of Uttar Pradesh, about south-east of the national capital New Delhi and 330 km west of the state capital Lucknow. With a population of roughly 1.6 million, Agra is ...
, as the eldest son of Mohammad Hussain Siddiqui, who was himself a Urdu poet, author of several books, a disciple of Hakim Amiruddin Attaar Akbarabadi, and an employee of the Times of India Press,
Ajmer
Ajmer is one of the major and oldest cities in the Indian state of Rajasthan and the centre of the eponymous Ajmer District. It is located at the centre of Rajasthan. It is also known as heart of Rajasthan. The city was established as "''Aj ...
. Seemab had said that his forefather had migrated from
Bukhara
Bukhara (Uzbek language, Uzbek: /, ; tg, Бухоро, ) is the List of cities in Uzbekistan, seventh-largest city in Uzbekistan, with a population of 280,187 , and the capital of Bukhara Region.
People have inhabited the region around Bukhara ...
sometime during the reign of the Mughal Emperor
Jahangir
Nur-ud-Din Muhammad Salim (30 August 1569 – 28 October 1627), known by his imperial name Jahangir (; ), was the fourth Mughal Emperor, who ruled from 1605 until he died in 1627. He was named after the Indian Sufi saint, Salim Chishti.
Ear ...
and made
Agra
Agra (, ) is a city on the banks of the Yamuna river in the Indian state of Uttar Pradesh, about south-east of the national capital New Delhi and 330 km west of the state capital Lucknow. With a population of roughly 1.6 million, Agra is ...
his home, however, according to Mohan Lal his great-grandfather had migrated from Bukhara during Aurangzeb's reign.
Literary career
Seemab began ghazal writing in 1892 and in 1898 became a disciple of Nawab Mirza Khan
Daagh
Nawab Mirza Khan Daagh Dehlvi ( ur, , 25 May 1831 – 17 March 1905) was a poet known for his Urdu ''ghazals''. He belonged to the old Delhi school of Urdu poetry.
Dehlawi (1831–1905) to whom he was personally introduced by Munshi Nazar Hussain Sakhaa Dehlawi at the
Kanpur
Kanpur or Cawnpore ( /kɑːnˈpʊər/ pronunciation (help·info)) is an industrial city in the central-western part of the state of Uttar Pradesh, India. Founded in 1207, Kanpur became one of the most important commercial and military stations o ...
Railway Station.
After founding "Qasr-ul-adab" in 1923 with
Saghar Nizami
Saghar Nizami (1905–1983), also known as Samad Yar Khan, was an Indian poet and writer of ghazal and nazm in Urdu. He was one of the earliest disciples of Seemab Akbarabadi (1882–1951) and was a recipient of the third highest Indian honour ...
as its editor, he started publishing the Monthly "Paimana". In 1929, he started the Weekly "Taj" and in 1930 the Monthly
Shair
''Shair'' ( ur, ) is the oldest Urdu-language literary magazine, based in Mumbai, India. It was launched in Agra in 1930 by the famous poet Seemab Akbarabadi. Its editor-in-chief is the poet, writer and journalist Iftikhar Imam Siddiqui, and ...
. The publication of "Paimana" ceased in 1932 when Saghar Nizami separated from Seemab and moved to
Meerut
Meerut (, IAST: ''Meraṭh'') is a city in Meerut district of the western part of the Indian state of Uttar Pradesh. The city lies northeast of the national capital New Delhi, within the National Capital Region and west of the state capital ...
.
Shair
''Shair'' ( ur, ) is the oldest Urdu-language literary magazine, based in Mumbai, India. It was launched in Agra in 1930 by the famous poet Seemab Akbarabadi. Its editor-in-chief is the poet, writer and journalist Iftikhar Imam Siddiqui, and ...
continued to be published long after Seemab’s death, managed and edited (since 1935) by his son,
Aijaz Siddiqi
Aijaz ( ur, ) Siddiqi (1911–1978) was an Urdu writer and poet. He was the son of the famous Urdu poet, Seemab Akbarabadi. He was born in Agra, Uttar Pradesh. After having founded ''Qasr-ul-Adab'' in 1923, Seemab Akbarabadi had in the year 1 ...
, and "Wahi-e-manzoom" published by his son Mazhar Siddiqui from Karachi won a Hijra Award on 27 Ramzan by the President of Pakistan, General Zia-Ul-Haq.
Seemab never enjoyed a comfortable financial position, yet he always appeared immaculately dressed in a neat sherwani and white wide pajama with a Turkish topi covering his head. He did not have a beard. Seemab wrote in all literary formats and on various social and political topics. In 1948, he went to
Lahore
Lahore ( ; pnb, ; ur, ) is the second most populous city in Pakistan after Karachi and 26th most populous city in the world, with a population of over 13 million. It is the capital of the province of Punjab where it is the largest city. ...
and then to
Karachi
Karachi (; ur, ; ; ) is the most populous city in Pakistan and 12th most populous city in the world, with a population of over 20 million. It is situated at the southern tip of the country along the Arabian Sea coast. It is the former cap ...
in an unsuccessful search for a publisher for his monumental work, "Wahi-e-Manzoom", an Urdu translation in verse form of the
Quran
The Quran (, ; Standard Arabic: , Classical Arabic, Quranic Arabic: , , 'the recitation'), also romanized Qur'an or Koran, is the central religious text of Islam, believed by Muslims to be a revelation in Islam, revelation from God in Islam, ...
. Seemab did not return to Agra. In 1949 he suffered a massive paralytic stroke from which he never recovered and he died on 31 January 1951.
Works
Beginning with the publication of his first collection of poems," Naistaan" in 1923, Akbarabadi published seventy-five books throughout his life. These included twenty-two books of poetry, not including "Loh-e-mahfooz" (1979), "Wahi-e-manzoom" (1981) and "Saaz-e-hijaz" (1982), all published long after his death. He is best known for his ghazals particularly by those sung by
Kundan Lal Saigal
Kundan Lal Saigal, often abbreviated as K. L. Saigal (11 April 1904 – 18 January 1947), was an Indian singer and actor who is considered the first superstar of the Hindi film industry, which was centred in Kolkata during Saigal's time, but is ...
. He also wrote short stories, novels, dramas, biographies and critical appraisals in
Persian
Persian may refer to:
* People and things from Iran, historically called ''Persia'' in the English language
** Persians, the majority ethnic group in Iran, not to be conflated with the Iranic peoples
** Persian language, an Iranian language of the ...
and Arabic.
Scholarship
Works on Akbarabadi's life and literary contributions include:
* "Dastan-e-chand" written by Raaz Chandpuri
* "Islah-ul-islah" by Abr Ahasani Gunnauri
* "Khumkhana-e-Javed " Vol 4 by Lala Sri Ram
* "Zikr-e-Seemab" and "Seemab banaam Zia", both by
Mehr Lal Soni Zia Fatehabadi
Mehr or Mihr may refer to:
Persian names
* Mehr, an alternative name for Mithra, a Zoroastrian divinity
* Mehr (month), the seventh month of the year and the sixteenth day of the month of the Iranian and Zoroastrian calendars
* Mehr's day, or ...
* "Seemab Akbarabadi " by Manohar Sahai Anwar
* "Rooh-e-Mukatib" by
Saghar Nizami
Saghar Nizami (1905–1983), also known as Samad Yar Khan, was an Indian poet and writer of ghazal and nazm in Urdu. He was one of the earliest disciples of Seemab Akbarabadi (1882–1951) and was a recipient of the third highest Indian honour ...
* "Seemab Ki Nazmiya" Shayari by Zarina Sani
* "Seemab aur Dabistan-e-Seemab " by Iftikhar Ahmed Fakhar
Among the writers and poets that he influenced were Raaz Chandpuri,
Saghar Nizami
Saghar Nizami (1905–1983), also known as Samad Yar Khan, was an Indian poet and writer of ghazal and nazm in Urdu. He was one of the earliest disciples of Seemab Akbarabadi (1882–1951) and was a recipient of the third highest Indian honour ...
and
Mohsin Bhopali
Mohsin Bhopali ( ur, ) (born 1932 - 17 January 2007) was a Pakistani poet. He was known for a travelogue
Travelogue may refer to:
Genres
* Travel literature, a record of the experiences of an author travelling
* Travel documentary
A travel d ...
.
Partial bibliography
He wrote "about 200 works of prose and poetry",R.G., "SEEMAB, ASHIQ HUSSAIN AKBARABADI (Urdu; b.1880, d.1951)", Mohan Lal (ed.), ''Encyclopaedia of Indian Literature: Sasay to Zorgot'', Sahitya Akademi (1992), p. 3900 which include:
* ''Naistan'' (1923)
* ''Ilhaam-e-manzoom'' (1928)
* ''Kaar-e-imroz'' (1934)
* ''Kaleem-e-ajam'' (1936)
* ''Dastur-ul-islah'' (1940)
* ''Saaz-o-aahang'' (1941)Profile of Seemab Akbarabadi on urdupoetry.com website Retrieved 28 May 2019
* ''Krishna Gita'' (1942)
* ''Aalam Aashool'' (1943)
* ''Sadrah almantaha'' (1946)
* ''Sher-e-inqlaab'' ( 1947)
* ''Loh-e-mahfooz'' (1979)
* ''Wahi-e-manzoom'' (1981)