Scilla Luciliae

''Scilla luciliae'' is a species of flowering plant in the family Asparagaceae. It is referred to by the common names Bossier's glory-of-the-snow or Lucile's glory-of-the-snow, and is a bulbous perennial from western Turkey that flowers in early spring. After flowering, it goes into dormancy until the next spring. The specific epithet is in honour of Lucile, the wife of the Swiss botanist Pierre Edmond Boissier (1810-1885). It belongs to a group of ''Scilla'' species that were formerly put in a separate genus, ''Chionodoxa'', and may now be treated as ''Scilla'' sect. ''Chionodoxa''.

Description

It is a low-maintenance naturalizer that can grow in zones 3 to 8. It's blossom has a white center with lilac blues petals. Like all members of the former genus ''Chionodoxa'', the bases of the stamens are flattened and closely clustered in the middle of the flower.

In other species of ''Scilla'', the stamens are not flattened or clustered together.

Each bulb produces two leaves, up to 8 cm long and 2 cm wide, and at most one flowering stem, up to 10 cm long. The flowers are produced in a loose pyramidal raceme, with 2–3 flowers per stem, which face upwards. Each flower is up to 3.5 cm across. The base of each tepal is white (as are the stamen filaments), producing a white 'eye'. The outer part of the tepals is violet-blue. The species can be distinguished from the commonest species grown in gardens, '' S. forbesii'', by the much smaller number of slightly larger flowers per stem.

It is a spring ephemeral as it disappears after blooming until the following spring, according to the Missouri Botanical Garden (MBG).

Binomial name change

Swiss botanist Pierre Edmond Boissier (1810-1885) first identified ''Chionodoxa luciliae'' Boiss. in 1844 in the ''Diagnoses Plantarum Orientalium novarum''. He named the flower that blooms in the snow, ''chionodoxa'' which is from the Greek ''chion'' meaning snow and ''doxa'' for glory. Its common name in English—Lucile's glory-of-the-snow—is named after his wife. It is also called Bossier's glory-of-the-snow.

By 1900, ''chionodoxa luciliae'' was advertised in the Baltimore, Maryland-based ''Griffith and Turner'' seed catalogue, along with snowdrops and ''Scilla Siberica'' as early spring bulbs.

Previously ''scilla luciliae'' and ''chionodoxa luciliae'' were designated as two separate genera. Following a molecular and morphological analyses to establish its taxonomy, the species ''Chionodoxa'' and its cultivars were transferred to the genus Scilla. There was not enough difference between the two to merit a separate genus. It is now designated as a section of ''Scilla''— ''Scilla'' sect. ''Chionodoxa''. In 2009, Bohumil Trávníček and others proposed the division of the genus ''Scilla'' s.str. into two sections—one that comprised "all species of the S. bifolia group in the broader sense"—and the second one sect. ''Chionodoxa'' (Boiss.) containing taxa formerly in the genus ''Chionodoxa'' Boiss. In 2010, as part of a doctoral dissertation research, the taxonomy, ecology and reproduction of the genus ''Chionodoxa'' (Boiss.) were investigated.

The World Checklist of Selected Plant Families (WCSP), which is maintained by the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, has accepted ''scilla luciliae'' (Boissier) Speta as a species name based on the 1971 journal article by Austrian botanist Franz Speta (1941–2015) in the ''Österreichische Botanische Zeitschrift''.

In the 1980s there was a botanical review of the family ''Liliaceae''. As a result, ''Liliaceae'' was split into smaller families, such as ''Hyacinthaceae''.

''Chionodoxa'' and ''Scilla'' are closely related genera of ''Liliaceae''. By 2005, according to Dashwood and Matthew, there was some confusion about nomenclatural within the then genus Chionodoxa. They cited examples of C. siehei that was merged with C. forbesii after being known for many years as C. luciliae incorrectly. They said that cultivated plants are usually variants of C. siehei, not the true species C. forbesii.

The Missouri Botanical Garden's comprehensive searchable botany data website, TROPICOS, lists 'chionodoxa luciliae' (Boissier) as a synonym sensu for ''scilla luciliae'' (Boissier) Speta.

Distribution

''Scilla luciliae'' is native to western Turkey. It has a restricted distribution in the Mahmut Mountain in İzmir Province. Almost all species that are very frost-hardy belong to the ''Hyacinthaceae'' family and originate in the region of the Mediterranean from Turkey to Asia.

''Scilla luciliae'' has naturalized in North America where the name used in concept references was ''chionodoxa luciliae'' and the common names were listed as Lucile's Squill and ''Scille gloire-des-neiges'' in French, according to the not-for-profit NatureServe Explorer, North America's "largest online encyclopedia of biodiversity".

Cultivation

A number of frost-hardy plants in the genera ''Scilla'', ''Chionodoxa'', ''Hyacinthoides'', ''Muscari'', ''Puschkinia'', ''Brimeura'', ''Hyacinthella'', ''Bellevalia'', ''Hyacinthus'' and ''Ornithogalum'' were listed as deserving of the Award of Garden Merit by the Royal Horticultural Society. To receive this award, plants must provide decorative excellence; be easily acquired; be hardy, and not require a specialist; they must be pest- and disease-resistant, and not likely to be subject to reversion. In 1993 ''Chionodoxa luciliae'' was listed as having its Award of Garden Merit reconfirmed. Plants in the trial were acquired from the United Kingdom, Denmark and the Netherlands.
''Scilla luciliae'' had its Award of Garden Merit confirmed again in 2017.

Notes and references

Bibliography

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{{Taxonbar, from1=Q15504195, from2=Q970846

luciliae
Ephemeral plants
Endemic flora of Turkey
Taxa named by Pierre Edmond Boissier
Taxa named by Franz Speta