''Sciaphila'' is a genus of

mycoheterotrophic Myco-heterotrophy (from Greek μύκης , "fungus", ἕτερος ', "another", "different" and τροφή ', "nutrition") is a symbiotic relationship between certain kinds of plants and fungi, in which the plant gets all or part of its food fro ...

plants in the family

Triuridaceae Triuridaceae are a family of tropical and subtropical flowering plants, including nine genera with a total of approximately 55 known species. All members lack chlorophyll and are mycoheterotrophic (obtain food by digesting intracellular fungi, o ...

. These plants receive nutrition from fungi and neighboring trees and have less need for photosynthesis. It is widespread in tropical and subtropical regions, found in

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China China, officially the People's Republic of China (PRC), is a country in East Asia. It is the world's most populous country, with a population exceeding 1.4 billion, slightly ahead of India. China spans the equivalent of five time zones and ...

Japan Japan ( ja, 日本, or , and formally , ''Nihonkoku'') is an island country in East Asia. It is situated in the northwest Pacific Ocean, and is bordered on the west by the Sea of Japan, while extending from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north ...

, the

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(from southern

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Brazil Brazil ( pt, Brasil; ), officially the Federative Republic of Brazil (Portuguese: ), is the largest country in both South America and Latin America. At and with over 217 million people, Brazil is the world's fifth-largest country by area ...

) and on various islands

Pacific Islands Collectively called the Pacific Islands, the islands in the Pacific Ocean are further categorized into three major island groups: Melanesia, Micronesia, and Polynesia. Depending on the context, the term ''Pacific Islands'' may refer to one of se ...

Species

Many species names have been proposed, including some for taxa now transferred to other genera. The following are accepted as member of ''Sciaphila'': * ''

Sciaphila africana ''Sciaphila'' is a genus of mycoheterotrophic plants in the family Triuridaceae. These plants receive nutrition from fungi and neighboring trees and have less need for photosynthesis. It is widespread in tropical and subtropical regions, found i ...

'' A.Chev. - Ghana, Ivory Coast, Congo-Brazzaville, * ''

Sciaphila albescens ''Sciaphila'' is a genus of mycoheterotrophic plants in the family Triuridaceae. These plants receive nutrition from fungi and neighboring trees and have less need for photosynthesis. It is widespread in tropical and subtropical regions, found i ...

'' Benth. - Brazil, Colombia, Venezuela, Panama, the Guianas * ''

Sciaphila aneitensis ''Sciaphila'' is a genus of mycoheterotrophic plants in the family Triuridaceae. These plants receive nutrition from fungi and neighboring trees and have less need for photosynthesis. It is widespread in tropical and subtropical regions, found i ...

'' Hemsl. - Vanuatu, Futuna, Niue * ''

Sciaphila arcuata ''Sciaphila'' is a genus of mycoheterotrophic plants in the family Triuridaceae. These plants receive nutrition from fungi and neighboring trees and have less need for photosynthesis. It is widespread in tropical and subtropical regions, found i ...

'' Aver. - Vietnam * ''

Sciaphila arfakiana ''Sciaphila'' is a genus of mycoheterotrophic plants in the family Triuridaceae. These plants receive nutrition from fungi and neighboring trees and have less need for photosynthesis. It is widespread in tropical and subtropical regions, found i ...

Becc. Odoardo Beccari (16 November 1843 – 25 October 1920) was an Italian botanist famous for his discoveries in Indonesia, particularly New Guinea, and Australia. He has been called the greatest botanist to ever study Malesia. His author abbrevi ...

- Taiwan, Philippines, Malaysia, Indonesia, New Guinea, Micronesia, Fiji, Bismarck Archipelago, Solomon Islands * ''

Sciaphila consimilis ''Sciaphila'' is a genus of mycoheterotrophic plants in the family Triuridaceae. These plants receive nutrition from fungi and neighboring trees and have less need for photosynthesis. It is widespread in tropical and subtropical regions, found i ...

'' Blume - Taiwan, Philippines * ''

Sciaphila corallophyton ''Sciaphila'' is a genus of mycoheterotrophic plants in the family Triuridaceae. These plants receive nutrition from fungi and neighboring trees and have less need for photosynthesis. It is widespread in tropical and subtropical regions, found i ...

'' K.Schum. & Schltr. in K.M.Schumann & C.A.G.Lauterbach - Pohnpei, New Caledonia, New Guinea, Bismarck Archipelago * ''

Sciaphila corniculata ''Sciaphila'' is a genus of mycoheterotrophic plants in the family Triuridaceae. These plants receive nutrition from fungi and neighboring trees and have less need for photosynthesis. It is widespread in tropical and subtropical regions, found i ...

'' Becc. - Maluku, New Guinea, New Caledonia, Solomon Islands * '' Sciaphila corymbosa'' Benth. - Brazil, Colombia * ''

Sciaphila densiflora ''Sciaphila'' is a genus of mycoheterotrophic plants in the family Triuridaceae. These plants receive nutrition from fungi and neighboring trees and have less need for photosynthesis. It is widespread in tropical and subtropical regions, found i ...

'' Schltr. - Borneo, Lesser Sunda Islands, Philippines, New Guinea, New Caledonia, Maluku * ''

Sciaphila janthina ''Sciaphila'' is a genus of mycoheterotrophic plants in the family Triuridaceae. These plants receive nutrition from fungi and neighboring trees and have less need for photosynthesis. It is widespread in tropical and subtropical regions, found i ...

'' (Champ.) Thwaites - Sri Lanka, southern India * ''

Sciaphila japonica ''Sciaphila'' is a genus of mycoheterotrophic plants in the family Triuridaceae. These plants receive nutrition from fungi and neighboring trees and have less need for photosynthesis. It is widespread in tropical and subtropical regions, found i ...

'' Makino - Japan * ''

Sciaphila jianfenglingensis ''Sciaphila'' is a genus of mycoheterotrophic plants in the family Triuridaceae. These plants receive nutrition from fungi and neighboring trees and have less need for photosynthesis. It is widespread in tropical and subtropical regions, found i ...

'' Han Xu, Y.D.Li & H.Q.Chen - Hainan * ''

Sciaphila khasiana ''Sciaphila'' is a genus of mycoheterotrophic plants in the family Triuridaceae. These plants receive nutrition from fungi and neighboring trees and have less need for photosynthesis. It is widespread in tropical and subtropical regions, found i ...

'' Benth. & Hook.f. - Assam * ''

Sciaphila ledermannii ''Sciaphila'' is a genus of mycoheterotrophic plants in the family Triuridaceae. These plants receive nutrition from fungi and neighboring trees and have less need for photosynthesis. It is widespread in tropical and subtropical regions, found i ...

'' Engl. - Nigeria, Cameroon, Gabon, Equatorial Guinea, São Tomé and Príncipe * ''

Sciaphila micranthera ''Sciaphila'' is a genus of mycoheterotrophic plants in the family Triuridaceae. These plants receive nutrition from fungi and neighboring trees and have less need for photosynthesis. It is widespread in tropical and subtropical regions, found i ...

'' Giesen in H.G.A.Engler - Borneo * ''

Sciaphila multiflora ''Sciaphila'' is a genus of mycoheterotrophic plants in the family Triuridaceae. These plants receive nutrition from fungi and neighboring trees and have less need for photosynthesis. It is widespread in tropical and subtropical regions, found i ...

'' Giesen in H.G.A.Engler - Ryukyu Islands, Caroline Islands, Mindanao, New Guinea * ''

Sciaphila nana ''Sciaphila'' is a genus of mycoheterotrophic plants in the family Triuridaceae. These plants receive nutrition from fungi and neighboring trees and have less need for photosynthesis. It is widespread in tropical and subtropical regions, found i ...

'' Blume - Jeju-do Island, Ryukyu Islands, Volcano Islands, Japan, Philippines, Thailand, Vietnam, Malaysia, Java, Sumatra * ''

Sciaphila oligantha ''Sciaphila'' is a genus of mycoheterotrophic plants in the family Triuridaceae. These plants receive nutrition from fungi and neighboring trees and have less need for photosynthesis. It is widespread in tropical and subtropical regions, found i ...

'' Maas - State of Amazonas in Brazil * ''

Sciaphila papillosa ''Sciaphila'' is a genus of mycoheterotrophic plants in the family Triuridaceae. These plants receive nutrition from fungi and neighboring trees and have less need for photosynthesis. It is widespread in tropical and subtropical regions, found i ...

'' Becc - New Guinea * '' Sciaphila picta'' Miers - Yucatán Peninsula, Central America, Colombia, Venezuela * ''

Sciaphila polygyna ''Sciaphila'' is a genus of myco-heterotrophy, mycoheterotrophic plants in the family Triuridaceae. These plants receive nutrition from fungi and neighboring trees and have less need for photosynthesis. It is widespread in tropical and subtropic ...

'' Maas - Colombia, French Guiana * '' Sciaphila purpurea'' Benth. - Brazil, Venezuela, Guyana, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru * ''

Sciaphila quadribullifera ''Sciaphila'' is a genus of myco-heterotrophy, mycoheterotrophic plants in the family Triuridaceae. These plants receive nutrition from fungi and neighboring trees and have less need for photosynthesis. It is widespread in tropical and subtropic ...

'' J.J.Sm. - New Guinea * '' Sciaphila ramosa'' Fukuy. & T.Suzuki - Hong Kong, Taiwan, Bonin Islands * ''

Sciaphila rubra ''Sciaphila'' is a genus of myco-heterotrophy, mycoheterotrophic plants in the family Triuridaceae. These plants receive nutrition from fungi and neighboring trees and have less need for photosynthesis. It is widespread in tropical and subtropic ...

'' Maas - Brazil, Venezuela * ''

Sciaphila schwackeana ''Sciaphila'' is a genus of mycoheterotrophic plants in the family Triuridaceae. These plants receive nutrition from fungi and neighboring trees and have less need for photosynthesis. It is widespread in tropical and subtropical regions, found i ...

'' Johow - Brazil * ''

Sciaphila secundiflora ''Sciaphila'' is a genus of myco-heterotrophy, mycoheterotrophic plants in the family Triuridaceae. These plants receive nutrition from fungi and neighboring trees and have less need for photosynthesis. It is widespread in tropical and subtropic ...

'' Thwaites ex Benth. - China, Japan, Bonin Islands, Philippines, Malaysia, Borneo, Sumatra, New Guinea, Bismarck Archipelago, Solomon Islands, Sri Lanka * ''

Sciaphila stellata ''Sciaphila'' is a genus of mycoheterotrophic plants in the family Triuridaceae. These plants receive nutrition from fungi and neighboring trees and have less need for photosynthesis. It is widespread in tropical and subtropical regions, found i ...

'' Aver. - Guangxi, Vietnam * '' Sciaphila sugimotoi'' Suetsugu & T.Nishioka - Japan * ''

Sciaphila tenella ''Sciaphila'' is a genus of mycoheterotrophic plants in the family Triuridaceae. These plants receive nutrition from fungi and neighboring trees and have less need for photosynthesis. It is widespread in tropical and subtropical regions, found i ...

'' Blume - Sri Lanka, Kyushu, southern China, Thailand, Borneo, Sumatra, Malaysia, Java, Sulawesi, Maluku, New Guinea, Bismarck Archipelago, Solomon Islands * '' Sciaphila thaidanica'' K.Larsen - Thailand * '' Sciaphila wariana'' (Schltr.) Meerend - Papua New Guinea * '' Sciaphila winkleri'' Schltr. - Borneo, New Guinea * ''

Sciaphila yakushimensis ''Sciaphila'' is a genus of mycoheterotrophic plants in the family Triuridaceae. These plants receive nutrition from fungi and neighboring trees and have less need for photosynthesis. It is widespread in tropical and subtropical regions, found i ...

'' Suetsugu - Yakushima

References

{{Taxonbar, from=Q2889177 Pandanales genera Parasitic plants Triuridaceae