Schönecken Castle (german: Burg Schönecken) is a

ruined Ruins () are the remains of a civilization's architecture. The term refers to formerly intact structures that have fallen into a state of partial or total disrepair over time due to a variety of factors, such as lack of maintenance, deliberate ...

hill castle A hill castle or mountain castle is a castle built on a natural feature that stands above the surrounding terrain. It is a term derived from the German ''Höhenburg'' used in categorising castle sites by their topographical location. Hill castles ...

at above the village of

Schönecken Schönecken is a municipality in the district of Bitburg-Prüm, in Rhineland-Palatinate, western Germany Germany,, officially the Federal Republic of Germany, is a country in Central Europe. It is the second most populous country in ...

in the Nims valley in the

West Eifel The West Eifel (german: Westeifel) refers to that part of the Eifel mountains in Germany that is centred on the town of Prüm and reaches as far as the border with Belgium and Luxembourg. It is not geographically precisely defined however, overla ...

mountains. It lies within the county of

Bitburg-Prüm The Eifelkreis Bitburg-Prüm ( lb, Äifelkrees Béibreg-Prüm) is a district in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. It is bounded by (from the west and clockwise) Luxembourg, Belgium and the districts of Euskirchen, Vulkaneifel, Bernkastel-Wittlich and ...

in the German state of

Rhineland-Palatinate Rhineland-Palatinate ( , ; german: link=no, Rheinland-Pfalz ; lb, Rheinland-Pfalz ; pfl, Rhoilond-Palz) is a western state of Germany. It covers and has about 4.05 million residents. It is the ninth largest and sixth most populous of the ...

. The castle stands on the lowest hill ridge in the middle of a valley bowl. The site is guarded on all sides by higher hills. The ruins of Schönecken Castle are also called ''Bella Costa'' or ''Clara Costa''.

History

Short legend: *762 – King Pepin gifts the Wetteldorf estate to

Prüm Abbey Prüm Abbey is a former Benedictine abbey in Prüm, now in the diocese of Trier (Germany), founded by the Frankish widow Bertrada the elder and her son Charibert, Count of Laon, in 721. The first abbot was Angloardus. The Abbey ruled over a va ...

. The guardians (''Schutzvögte'') of the abbey were the

counts of Vianden The Counts of Vianden, ancestors of the House of Orange-Nassau, were associated with the castle of Vianden (Vianden Castle) in Luxembourg. In the 12th to 15th centuries the counts of Vianden were the mightiest lords of the area between the rive ...

. *c. 1230 – Probably construction of ''Clara Costa'' castle. *1247 –

Albertus Magnus Albertus Magnus (c. 1200 – 15 November 1280), also known as Saint Albert the Great or Albert of Cologne, was a German Dominican friar, philosopher, scientist, and bishop. Later canonised as a Catholic saint, he was known during his life ...

and

Conrad of Hochstaden Konrad von Hochstaden (or Conrad of Hochstadt) (1198/1205 – 18 September 1261) was Archbishop of Cologne from 1238 to 1261. Life Konrad was a son of Count Lothar of Hochstadt, canon of St. Maria ad Gradus and of the old Cologne Cathedral, an ...

at the castle *1264 – Henry of Vianden calls himself "Lord of Schönecken". *1288 – Gerhard of Schönecken killed two monks from Prüm in a dispute. *1352 – Hartard of Schönecken falls in battle for

Baldwin of Trier Baldwin of Luxembourg (c. 1285 – 21 January 1354) was the Archbishop- Elector of Trier and Archchancellor of Burgundy from 1307 to his death. From 1328 to 1336, he was the diocesan administrator of the archdiocese of Mainz and from 1331 to 13 ...

. *1370 – John, the last Lord of Schönecken, dies. *1384 – Schönecken goes to the

Electorate of Trier The Electorate of Trier (german: Kurfürstentum Trier or ' or Trèves) was an ecclesiastical principality of the Holy Roman Empire that existed from the end of the 9th to the early 19th century. It was the temporal possession of the prince- ...

. The castle is the residence of the

prince-elector The prince-electors (german: Kurfürst pl. , cz, Kurfiřt, la, Princeps Elector), or electors for short, were the members of the electoral college that elected the emperor of the Holy Roman Empire. From the 13th century onwards, the prince ...

s. *1593 – Knight and ''

burgmann From the 12th century in central Europe, a ''Burgmann'' (plural: ''Burgmannen'' or modern term ''Burgmänner'', Latin: ''oppidanus'', ''castrensus'') was a knight ministeriales or member of the nobility who was obliged to guard and defend castles. ...

'', Hermann of Hersel, dies on 13 July and is buried in Saint Leodegar (Catholic parish church) in Wetteldorf. *1643 – Castle captured by mercenaries. *1802 – Schönecken razed. *1804 – Under French rule, the castle is seized and auctioned for demolition. *1848 – The

Kingdom of Prussia The Kingdom of Prussia (german: Königreich Preußen, ) was a German kingdom that constituted the state of Prussia between 1701 and 1918.Marriott, J. A. R., and Charles Grant Robertson. ''The Evolution of Prussia, the Making of an Empire''. Re ...

becomes its owner. *1906 – First restoration of the castle by Prussia *1920s – Dr. Johannes Schreiber (1893–1978) prevents the final destruction of the ruins. *1970–1975 – Defensive towers and walls of the castle are renovated by the Rhineland-Palatinate Castle Administration. *1984–1985 – Renovation of the castle and hill with

sprayed concrete Shotcrete, gunite (), or sprayed concrete is concrete or mortar conveyed through a hose and pneumatically projected at high velocity onto a surface, as a construction technique, first used in 1907 invented by Carl Akeley. It is typically r ...

. *2006 – Castle trail placed out-of-bounds due to the risk of collapse of the castle wall; renovation is planned; severe weathering damage identified on the towers. The present owner of the castle is the state of Rhineland-Palatinate.

Feud (1340–1350)

Less happy was a feud that Hartard had with Otto of Schönberg. According to this account, some of the lance bearers of the Lord of Schönberg went to Schönecken to buy grain there, because there was none in the area of Schönberg at that time. Hartard ordered his men to chase Schonberg's men away. In order to avenge this abuse, Otto of Schönberg advanced on Schönecken and besieged the castle. Hartard mocked him and called to him from the palace, saying, "I'm very pleased, Lord Otto, that you are paying me a visit", to which Otto replied, "The devil make you crawl in the dirt for a long time in order to punish you, my servants are not women, come out, and you'll taste the servants!" Hartard then sallied out, beat Schönberg's men and pursued them to Schönberg. At Schönberg, Otto sat down and received support from his subjects. After a violent fight, the Schönecks fled and Hartard's son was beaten to death. The women of Schönberg are said to have torn his body into pieces and thrown it to the dogs. Otto followed the Schönecks to Schönecken where fighting broke out again. Otto and Hartard met and fought against each other. Otto split the Hartard's helmet and wounded him in the head, after which Hartard fled and threw himself into his castle, which Otto now besieged. Finally, Hartard was forced to buy the enemy's withdrawal with 100 guilders.

Description

The castle occupies a 120-metre-long rectangular site with an

enceinte Enceinte (from Latin incinctus: girdled, surrounded) is a French term that refers to the "main defensive enclosure of a fortification". For a castle, this is the main defensive line of wall towers and curtain walls enclosing the position. For ...

and three projecting towers. In the east the site is guarded by a wide

neck ditch A neck ditch (german: Halsgraben), sometimes called a throat ditch,
at www.roadstoruins.com. Accessed on 3 Jan 2012. is a dry

. The three towers stand on the south side, two of them being still three storeys high. The two round towers probably date to the 13th or 14th century, the central, rectangular one is more recent. All three towers and their curtain walls have been part of a multi-storey residential building since no later than the 16th century, as depicted in an 18th-century painting. Burg Schönecken 009x.jpg, Schönecken Castle, 2015 aerial photograph Bellacosta06.jpg, Castle inner courtyard and towers in August 2003 Bellacosta 01.jpg, Castle ruins

External links

* {{Ebidat, 5194 * http://www.schoenecken.com * http://www.schoenecken.de Castles in Rhineland-Palatinate Castles in the Eifel Buildings and structures in Bitburg-Prüm Heritage sites in Rhineland-Palatinate