In materials science, Schmid's law (also Schmid factor, and or german: Schmid'scher Orientierungsfaktor, lit=Schmid's orientation factor, label=none.) describes the

slip Slip or SLIP may refer to: Science and technology Biology * Slip (fish), also known as Black Sole * Slip (horticulture), a small cutting of a plant as a specimen or for grafting * Muscle slip, a branching of a muscle, in anatomy Computing and ...

plane and the slip direction of a stressed material, which can resolve the most

shear stress Shear stress, often denoted by (Greek: tau), is the component of stress coplanar with a material cross section. It arises from the shear force, the component of force vector parallel to the material cross section. ''Normal stress'', on the ot ...

. Schmid's Law states that the critically resolved shear stress () is equal to the stress applied to the material () multiplied by the cosine of the angle with the vector

normal Normal(s) or The Normal(s) may refer to: Film and television * ''Normal'' (2003 film), starring Jessica Lange and Tom Wilkinson * ''Normal'' (2007 film), starring Carrie-Anne Moss, Kevin Zegers, Callum Keith Rennie, and Andrew Airlie * ''Norma ...

to the glide plane () and the cosine of the angle with the glide direction (). Which can be expressed as: :

\tau = m \sigma

where is known as the Schmid factor :

m = \cos(\phi) \cos(\lambda)

Both factors and are measured in stress units, which is calculated the same way as

pressure Pressure (symbol: ''p'' or ''P'') is the force applied perpendicular to the surface of an object per unit area over which that force is distributed. Gauge pressure (also spelled ''gage'' pressure)The preferred spelling varies by country and e ...

(

force In physics, a force is an influence that can change the motion of an object. A force can cause an object with mass to change its velocity (e.g. moving from a state of rest), i.e., to accelerate. Force can also be described intuitively as a p ...

divided by area). and are angles. The factor is named after Erich Schmid who coauthored a book with Walter Boas introducing the concept in 1935.

See also

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Further reading