Skat
Unlike the basic Ramsch contract in Skat, the first player may pick up the ''skat'' ( talon) and exchange them for two cards that he is unable to use. He then gives the discards to the next player who, in turn, may discard two cards to the third player. The latter discards two of her cards and the game begins. Ramsch follows the trump rules of the Grand contract in Skat, i. e. only the Unters (Jacks) are trumps. There are two options for dealing with the points in the ''skat''. In one option, the player who has already scored the most card points (''Augen'') is given the ''skat''; in another, the player who takes the last trick gets the ''skat''. If two players share the highest score, the ''skat'' points are awarded to both. The main difference from Ramsch is that, in Schieberamsch, players may choose to 'shove' or 'push' (''schieben'') the ''skat'' instead of picking it up, hence the name Schieberramsch. If one or more players 'shove', the points deducted from the loser are doubled (four- or eightfold, if 2 or all 3 players 'shove'). It is usually not allowed to discard Unters (''Buben'' or ''Bauern'').''Jungfrau''
If a player has not won any tricks by the end of the game, he remains a ''Jungfrau'' or ''Jungfer'' ("virgin") and the loser's minus points double again. If a player believes he is able to take no tricks at all, he may also declare a ''Jungfrau''. This also doubles the value of the game, but can be risky for the declarer: if he fails to remain a ''Jungfrau'', the game ends immediately, i. e. as soon as he takes a trick, even if it is worth no points and he is penalised with 120 minus points.Scoring
The aforementioned doubling can lead to very high point losses, which can give Ramsch an undesirably high significance compared with the normal Skat contracts. In order to reduce this imbalance between Ramsch and regular contracts, it can be agreed that each 'shove' and a ''Jungfrau'' only raises the multiplication factor of the highest number of points. (1 shove doubles, 2 shoves raises the value threefold, 3 shoves fourfold, 3 shoves + ''Jungfrau'' fivefold). This scoring system is often called ''Augenramsch'' or ''Zahlenramsch''. Another way to alleviate an excessive influence of Ramsch contracts is to agree that a fixed number of points are deducted from the loser. For example, a simple loss results in a deduction of 10 points; a ''Jungfer'' costs 15 points, but for two ''Jungfers'' 20 points are added. Higher values may also be agreed. The doubling or raising for 'shoves' is unaffected.Durchmarsch
If, however, a player wins all ten tricks, this is called a ''Durchmarsch'' (i.e. "Grand
Usually the rule applies that, per Schieberamsch round, each player has the option of playing an ''Ausweich Grand'' (Grand Hand). Or the rules may state that up to three Grand Hands may be played in succession; after that a ''Pflichtramsch'' (players must play a normal Schieberramsch). In other variants there are no restrictions at all applied to the Grand Hand game.References
Literature
* _ (1988). "Ramsch". In: Spielkartenfabrik Altenburg (publ.): ''Erweitertes Spielregelbüchlein aus Altenburg.'' 8th edn. Leipzig: Verlag Altenburger Spielkartenfabrik. * Parlett, David (2008). ''The Penguin Book of Card Games'', Penguin, London. {{ISBN, 978-0-141-03787-5External links