''Scaphopetalum'' is a genus previously classified under the plant family
Sterculiaceae. Currently, under the
APG IV system the genus is placed under the subfamily
Byttnerioideae
Byttnerioideae is a subfamily of the flowering plant family Malvaceae.
Tribes and genera
Four tribes are recognised by the Germplasm Resources Information Network:
Byttnerieae
*'' Abroma'' Jacq.
*'' Ayenia'' L.
*''Byttneria'' Loefl.
*'' Kleinh ...
of the family
Malvaceae senso lato. The distribution of the genus is restricted to the rain forests of Africa. In total 26 taxa have been described, 21 have been recognized (20 species and 1 variety), two invalid and one nomen nudus (without a formal description).
History
The genus ''Scaphopetalum'' was first described by Masters (1867), based on material from Equatorial Guinee (Mt.John) collected by
Gustav Mann. Three species were described by
Maxwell T. Masters, ''
S. longe-penduculatum'', ''
S. blackii'' and ''
S. mannii''. Later, É. De Wildeman and T. Durant (June, 1897) described ''
S. thonneri'' based on material collected by F. Thonner from northern DRC. A few months later K. Schumann (October, 1897) described four new species, ''
S. stipulosum'', ''
S. macranthum'', ''
S. zenkeri'' and ''
S. monophysca''. The last species, ''S. monophysca'' closely resembles ''S. thonerii'' and its description is based on material from Cameroon and Gabon.
The next six new species are a contribution of German taxonomists mainly based on material from Cameroon collected by Ledermann, Mildbraed and Zenker. In 1908 H.Winkler describes ''
S. paxii''. collected by himself in Cameroon. Engler and Krause described two species in 1911, ''
S. pallidinervis'' and ''
S. riparia'' and three in 1913, ''
S. discolor'', ''
S. acuminatum'' and ''
S. bruneo-purpureum''. ''
S. discolor'' is a species from Congo and the other four from Cameroon. That same year Baker f. described two species based on material collected by Talbot from Nigeria, ''
S. parvifolium'' and ''
S. talbotii''.
The first species for West Africa was described by A. Chevalier in 1917 and named ''
S. amoenum''. For the
Mayombe
Mayombe (or Mayumbe) is a geographic area on the western coast of Africa occupied by low mountains extending from the mouth of the Congo River in the south to the Kouilou-Niari River to the north. The area includes parts of the Democratic Republi ...
region (Gabon) two species were described by Pellegrine in 1921, ''
S. letestui'' and ''
S. ngounyense''. The first species was made synonym by Halle in 1961 as a variety within S. blackii, ''
S. blackii var. letestui''. In the same publication N. Halle splits off another variety ''
S. thonneri var. klainei''. Both varieties were described without a prologue in Latin and subsequently invalid. In the same year R. Germain describes a new species ''
S. vanderijstii'' and a new variety ''
S. dewevrei var. suborophila'' both for DRC. The most recent species is described from Equatorial Guinea, ''
S. obiangianum'' by M.E. Leal
[Leal, M.E. (2007) A new endemic Scaphopetalum (Malvaceae) from Mount Mitra, Equatorial Guinea, ''Blumea'' 52 : 137-138.] in 2007.
Species
*''
Scaphopetalum accuminatum''
Engl. & Krause (1913)
*''
Scaphopetalum amoeum''
A.Chev. (1917)
*''
Scaphopetalum blackii''
Mast. (1869)
*''Scaphopetalum blackii var. letestui''
(Pellegr.) N.Halle (1961) invalid
*''
Scaphopetalum bruneopurpureum''
Engl.& Krause (1913)
*''
Scaphopetalum dewevrei''
Dewild.& Th.Dur. (1900)
*''
Scaphopetalum discolor
''Scaphopetalum'' is a genus previously classified under the plant family Sterculiaceae. Currently, under the APG IV system the genus is placed under the subfamily Byttnerioideae of the family Malvaceae senso lato. The distribution of the genu ...
''
Engl.& Krause (1913)
*''
Scaphopetalum letestui''
Pellegr. (1921) synoniem
*''
Scaphopetalum longepedunculatum''
Mast. (1869)
*''
Scaphopetalum macranthum''
K.Schum.
Karl Moritz Schumann (17 June 1851 – 22 March 1904) was a German botanist.
Schumann was born in Görlitz. He was curator of the Botanisches Museum in Berlin-Dahlem from 1880 until 1894. He also served as the first chairman of the ''Deut ...
(1900)
*''
Scaphopetalum mannii''
Mast.] (1869)
*''
Scaphopetalum monophysca''
K.Schum.
Karl Moritz Schumann (17 June 1851 – 22 March 1904) was a German botanist.
Schumann was born in Görlitz. He was curator of the Botanisches Museum in Berlin-Dahlem from 1880 until 1894. He also served as the first chairman of the ''Deut ...
(1900) synoniem
*''
Scaphopetalum ngouyense''
Pellegr. (1921)
*''
Scaphopetalum obiangianum
''Scaphopetalum'' is a genus previously classified under the plant family Sterculiaceae. Currently, under the APG IV system the genus is placed under the subfamily Byttnerioideae of the family Malvaceae senso lato. The distribution of the genu ...
''
M.E.Leal (2007)
*''
Scaphopetalum pallidinervis
''Scaphopetalum'' is a genus previously classified under the plant family Sterculiaceae. Currently, under the APG IV system the genus is placed under the subfamily Byttnerioideae of the family Malvaceae senso lato. The distribution of the genu ...
''
Engl.& Krause (1911)
*''
Scaphopetalum parvifolium''
Baker
A baker is a tradesperson who bakes and sometimes sells breads and other products made of flour by using an oven or other concentrated heat source. The place where a baker works is called a bakery.
History
Ancient history
Since grains ha ...
f. (1913)
*''
Scaphopetalum paxii
''Scaphopetalum'' is a genus previously classified under the plant family Sterculiaceae. Currently, under the APG IV system the genus is placed under the subfamily Byttnerioideae of the family Malvaceae senso lato. The distribution of the genu ...
''
H.Winkl. (1908)
*''
Scaphopetalum riparia
''Scaphopetalum'' is a genus previously classified under the plant family Sterculiaceae. Currently, under the APG IV system the genus is placed under the subfamily Byttnerioideae of the family Malvaceae senso lato. The distribution of the genu ...
''
Engl.& Krause (1911)
*''Scaphopetalum staudtii'' K. Schum. nomen nudus synomiem of ''
Cola marsupium'' K.Schum.
*''
Scaphopetalum stipulosum
''Scaphopetalum'' is a genus previously classified under the plant family Sterculiaceae. Currently, under the APG IV system the genus is placed under the subfamily Byttnerioideae of the family Malvaceae senso lato. The distribution of the genu ...
''
K.Schum.
Karl Moritz Schumann (17 June 1851 – 22 March 1904) was a German botanist.
Schumann was born in Görlitz. He was curator of the Botanisches Museum in Berlin-Dahlem from 1880 until 1894. He also served as the first chairman of the ''Deut ...
(1900)
*''
Scaphopetalum talbotii
''Scaphopetalum'' is a genus previously classified under the plant family Sterculiaceae. Currently, under the APG IV system the genus is placed under the subfamily Byttnerioideae of the family Malvaceae senso lato. The distribution of the genu ...
''
Bak.f. (1913)
*''
Scaphopetalum thonneri
''Scaphopetalum'' is a genus previously classified under the plant family Sterculiaceae. Currently, under the APG IV system the genus is placed under the subfamily Byttnerioideae of the family Malvaceae senso lato. The distribution of the genu ...
''
Dewild.& Th.Dur. (1897)
*''
Scaphopetalum thonneri var. klainei''
Pierre ex N.Halle (1961) invalid
*''
Scaphopetalum vanderystii''
R.Germain (1961)
*''
Scaphopetalum dewevrei var. suborophylla''
R.Germain (1961)
*''
Scaphopetalum zenkeri''
K.Schum.
Karl Moritz Schumann (17 June 1851 – 22 March 1904) was a German botanist.
Schumann was born in Görlitz. He was curator of the Botanisches Museum in Berlin-Dahlem from 1880 until 1894. He also served as the first chairman of the ''Deut ...
(1900)
References
Bibliography
*Chevalier A. (1920) Explorations Botaniques de Afrique Occidental Francais i: 85
*De Wildeman & T. Durand (1897) Bulletin Societe Royal Botanique Belgique xxxix. 97
*Engler & K. Krause (1912) Botanisch Jahrbucher (sys) xlviii: 553
{{Taxonbar, from=Q7430163
Malvaceae genera
Taxonomy articles created by Polbot