Sayyid ul Sadaat Sayyid Mir Fazlullah Agha al-Hasani wal-Husseini (born in

Kabul Kabul (; ps, , ; , ) is the capital and largest city of Afghanistan. Located in the eastern half of the country, it is also a municipality, forming part of the Kabul Province; it is administratively divided into 22 municipal districts. Acco ...

) was a Sufi Saint and the highest

Qadi A qāḍī ( ar, قاضي, Qāḍī; otherwise transliterated as qazi, cadi, kadi, or kazi) is the magistrate or judge of a '' sharīʿa'' court, who also exercises extrajudicial functions such as mediation, guardianship over orphans and mino ...

(Qadi ul Qudhad) and

Grand Mufti The Grand Mufti (also called Chief Mufti, State Mufti and Supreme Mufti) is the head of regional muftis, Islamic jurisconsults, of a state. The office originated in the early modern era in the Ottoman empire and has been later adopted in a num ...

of the Emirate of Afghanistan.

Ancestry

Sayyid Mir Fazlullah is a

Sayyid ''Sayyid'' (, ; ar, سيد ; ; meaning 'sir', 'Lord', 'Master'; Arabic plural: ; feminine: ; ) is a surname of people descending from the Prophets in Islam, Islamic prophet Muhammad through his grandsons, Hasan ibn Ali and Husayn ibn Ali ...

(a descendant of

Muhammad Muhammad ( ar, مُحَمَّد; 570 – 8 June 632 Common Era, CE) was an Arab religious, social, and political leader and the founder of Islam. According to Muhammad in Islam, Islamic doctrine, he was a prophet Divine inspiration, di ...

through his daughter

Fatimah Fāṭima bint Muḥammad ( ar, فَاطِمَة ٱبْنَت مُحَمَّد}, 605/15–632 CE), commonly known as Fāṭima al-Zahrāʾ (), was the daughter of the Islamic prophet Muhammad and his wife Khadija. Fatima's husband was Ali, th ...

and his cousin

Ali ibn Abi Talib ʿAlī ibn Abī Ṭālib ( ar, عَلِيّ بْن أَبِي طَالِب; 600 – 661 CE) was the last of four Rightly Guided Caliphs to rule Islam (r. 656 – 661) immediately after the death of Muhammad, and he was the first Shia Imam. ...

). Among his ancestors are seven of the

Twelve Imams The Twelve Imams ( ar, ٱلْأَئِمَّة ٱلْٱثْنَا عَشَر, '; fa, دوازده امام, ') are the spiritual and political successors to the Islamic prophet Muhammad in the Twelver branch of Islam, including that of the Alawi ...

, and in another lineage eleven of the Twelve Imams, Sheikh Abdul Qadir Jilani, Sayyid

Bahauddin Naqshband Baha' al-Din Naqshband ( fa, بهاءالدین محمد نقشبند; 1318–1389) was the eponymous founder of what would become one of the largest Sufi Sunni orders, the Naqshbandi. Background Baha al-Din was born in March 1318 in the vill ...

, Sayyid Alauddin Atar, and Khwaja Khawand Mahmud (also known as

Hazrat Ishaan Sayyid ul Sadaat Khwaja Sayyid Mir Khawand Mahmud ibn Sharif Naqshbandi al-Hasani wal-Husseini, known as Hazrat Ishaan Shah Saheb (1563 — 5 November 1642) was a Sufi Saint from Bukhara, Uzbekistan. Ancestry Hazrat Ishaan was a Sayyid, sig ...

) also. After the

Battle of Karbala The Battle of Karbala ( ar, مَعْرَكَة كَرْبَلَاء) was fought on 10 October 680 (10 Muharram in the year 61 AH of the Islamic calendar) between the army of the second Umayyad Caliph Yazid I and a small army led by Husayn ...

, the ancestors of Sayyid Mir fazlullah, known as

Ahl al-Bayt Ahl al-Bayt ( ar, أَهْل ٱلْبَيْت, ) refers to the family of the Islamic prophet Muhammad, but the term has also been extended in Sunni Islam to apply to all descendants of the Banu Hashim (Muhammad's clan) and even to all Muslims. ...

went back to

Medina Medina,, ', "the radiant city"; or , ', (), "the city" officially Al Madinah Al Munawwarah (, , Turkish: Medine-i Münevvere) and also commonly simplified as Madīnah or Madinah (, ), is the Holiest sites in Islam, second-holiest city in Islam, ...

. From there

Musa al Kazim Musa ibn Ja'far al-Kazim ( ar, مُوسَىٰ ٱبْن جَعْفَر ٱلْكَاظِم, Mūsā ibn Jaʿfar al-Kāẓim), also known as Abū al-Ḥasan, Abū ʿAbd Allāh or Abū Ibrāhīm, was the seventh Imam in Twelver Shia Islam, after hi ...

was forced to go to Iraq. The Musavis, i.e. the descendants of Musa al Kadhim, settled to Persia. One of them was Khwaja Sayyid Mir Ismail Muhammad Hakim, father of Khwaja Sayyid Mir Latif, an ancestor of Sayyid Mir Fazlullah. The descendants of Sayyid Mir Latif immigrated to Bokhara and after that to Kabul to guide the Muslims there, where Sayyid Mir Fazlullah was born. Sayyid Mir Fazlullah's ancestors were as said also Askari Sayyids, i.e. descendants of Imam Hasan al-Askari, through his son

Sayyid Ali Akbar Sayyid Ali Akbar was a Sunni Muslim saint, and according to some historians of genealogy the second son of Imam Hasan al-Askari, the eleventh Imam in Shia Islam. He was also the brother of the twelfth Imam Muhammad al-Mahdi. His existence w ...

, whose existence was hidden, because of political conflicts. Sayyid Ali Akbars descendants also migrated to

Bokhara Bukhara ( Uzbek: /, ; tg, Бухоро, ) is the seventh-largest city in Uzbekistan, with a population of 280,187 , and the capital of Bukhara Region. People have inhabited the region around Bukhara for at least five millennia, and the city h ...

, where the prominent Sufi saint

, founder of the Naqshbandi Sufi Order, was born. A descendant of Bahauddin Naqshband after 7 generations was

, whose descendants later immigrated to variable regions of South Asia, like

Khorasan Khorasan may refer to: * Greater Khorasan, a historical region which lies mostly in modern-day northern/northwestern Afghanistan, northeastern Iran, southern Turkmenistan, Tajikistan, and Uzbekistan * Khorasan Province, a pre-2004 province of Ira ...

, today known as

Afghanistan Afghanistan, officially the Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan,; prs, امارت اسلامی افغانستان is a landlocked country located at the crossroads of Central Asia and South Asia. Referred to as the Heart of Asia, it is bordere ...

in order to spread the Ishaqiyya Naqshbandiyya branch's teachings.

Family

His family was the highest authority of the descendants of

, holding an office similar to that of the Naqib ul Ashraf in Iraq. Their title was Sayyid ul Sadaat. His older brothers were

Sayyid Mir Jan Sayyid ul Sadaat Sayyid Mir Jan Shah Saheb ibn Hasan Kabuli-Naqshbandi al Hasani wal-Husseini ( ar, سيد مير جان شاه صاحب ابن حسن كابلى-نقشبندى) (born in Kabul, Afghanistan in year 1800, died in year 1901 in Lahor ...

, the highest authority of the Naqshbandi Tariqa and Sayyid ul Sadaat Mir Sayyid Mahmud Agha, Deputy of Sayyid Mir Jan. His family was especially known for their saintness and deep knowledge in Fiqh and Tariqah, which was transmitted from father to son from Muhammad. Furthermore, they initiated projects for the sake of disadvantaged people, especially orphan children. They were also inheritors of many historical relics, like clothing collections of Imam Hussein ibn Ali.

Lineage

His lineage is as follows: *

* Sayyidina Ali Al Murtadha and Sayyida Fatimah al Zahra *

Imam Hasan Imam Hasan (), also spelled Emam Hasan, may refer to: People * Hasan ibn Ali (–670), sometimes also referred to as : son of Ali ibn Abi Talib, grandson of the prophet Muhammad, and second Shia Imam * Hasan al-Askari (–874), the eleventh Shi ...

and

Imam Hussein Abū ʿAbd Allāh al-Ḥusayn ibn ʿAlī ibn Abī Ṭālib ( ar, أبو عبد الله الحسين بن علي بن أبي طالب; 10 January 626 – 10 October 680) was a grandson of the Islamic prophet Muhammad and a son of Ali ibn Abi ...

* Imam Ali Zayn ul Abideen * Imam Muhammad al-Baqir * Imam Jafar al-Sadiq * Imam Musa al-Kadhim * Sayyid ul Sadaat Abu Qasim Sayyid Mir Hamza * Sayyid ul Sadaat Sayyid Qasim * Sayyid ul Sadaat Sayyid Ahmad * Sayyid ul Sadaat Sayyid Muhammad * Sayyid ul Sadaat Sayyid Mir Ismail Muhammad Hakim al-Tirmidhi * Sayyid ul Sadaat Sayyid Mir Latif * Sayyid ul Sadaat Sayyid Mir Muhammad * Sayyid ul Sadaat Sayyid Mir Kulal * Sayyid ul Sadaat Sayyid Mir Ahmad * Sayyid ul Sadaat Sayyid Mir Hashim * Sayyid ul Sadaat Sayyid Mir Mast Ali * Sayyid ul Sadaat Sayyid Mir Dost Ali * Sayyid ul Sadaat Sayyid Mir Muhammad Latif * Sayyid ul Sadaat Sayyid Mir Abdullah * Sayyid ul Sadaat Sayyid Mir Muhammad Shamah * Sayyid ul Sadaat Sayyid Mir Latifullah * Sayyid ul Sadaat Sayyid Mir Ruhollah * Sayyid ul Sadaat Sayyid Mir Baitullah * Sayyid ul Sadaat Sayyid Mir Nimatullah * Sayyid ul Sadaat Sayyid Mir Azimullah * Sayyid ul Sadaat Sayyid Mir Hasan * Sayyid ul Sadaat Sayyid Mir Fazlullah

Career

Sayyid Mir Fazlullah was educated by his father Sayyid ul Sadaat Sayyid Mir Hasan, transmitting the legacy of his ancestors to him until there was nothing to learn in

. He became

and was known for his dedicated stance on the prestige and enforcement of

Sharia law Sharia (; ar, شريعة, sharīʿa ) is a body of religious law that forms a part of the Islamic tradition. It is derived from the Five Pillars of Islam, religious precepts of Islam and is based on the Islamic holy books, sacred scriptures o ...

. Sayyid Mir Fazlullah was internationally acknowledged and was a spiritual retreat for Sultan Abdülhamit II. In one of his visits to

Istanbul Istanbul ( , ; tr, İstanbul ), formerly known as Constantinople ( grc-gre, Κωνσταντινούπολις; la, Constantinopolis), is the List of largest cities and towns in Turkey, largest city in Turkey, serving as the country's economic, ...

Ottoman Empire The Ottoman Empire, * ; is an archaic version. The definite article forms and were synonymous * and el, Оθωμανική Αυτοκρατορία, Othōmanikē Avtokratoria, label=none * info page on book at Martin Luther University) ...

, he held a speech, that attracted the masses in such a way, that a sign of trance and ecstasy could be seen on the faces of the audience. Upon this Sultan Abdul Hamid II, asked Sayyid Mir Fazlullah to stay in

and to become the

. Sultan Abdulhamid II immediately sent a letter to Amir Habibullah to ask for his transfer to

. Amir Habibullah refused, since he himself and the Afghans were dependent on Sayyid Mir Fazlullah.

Private life

Sayyid Mir Fazlullah, 50th Imam of the Naqhbandiyya line of Imamate, had two wives and two sons:Khtame Ziarate Sharife hazrat eshan Bukhari(written and investigated by Mian Ahmad Bader Akhlaq(BSC)) printed the second time in 1988 Writer and inspector Mian Muhammad Hasan Akhlaq(M.Km) 1988 company: Koperatis Lahorin 1.Sayyid Mir Muhammad Jan (1900-1955), Sufi Saint and high officer in the

Kingdom of Afghanistan The Kingdom of Afghanistan ( ps, , Dǝ Afġānistān wākmanān; prs, پادشاهی افغانستان, Pādešāhī-ye Afġānistān) was a constitutional monarchy in Central Asia established in 1926 as a successor state to the Emirate of Af ...

, 51st Imam of the Naqshbandiyya line of Imamate a)Sayyida Bibi Rahima, 52nd Naqshbandi Imam, daughter of Sayyid Mir Muhammad Jan, female inheritor and

Wali A wali (''wali'' ar, وَلِيّ, '; plural , '), the Arabic word which has been variously translated "master", "authority", "custodian", "protector", is most commonly used by Muslims to indicate an Islamic saint, otherwise referred to by the ...

aa) Sultan Masood Dakik (b.1967), son of Sayyida Bibi Rahima,

lobbyist In politics, lobbying, persuasion or interest representation is the act of lawfully attempting to influence the actions, policies, or decisions of government officials, most often legislators or members of regulatory agencies. Lobbying, which ...

entrepreneur Entrepreneurship is the creation or extraction of economic value. With this definition, entrepreneurship is viewed as change, generally entailing risk beyond what is normally encountered in starting a business, which may include other values th ...

philanthropist Philanthropy is a form of altruism that consists of "private initiatives, for the Public good (economics), public good, focusing on quality of life". Philanthropy contrasts with business initiatives, which are private initiatives for private goo ...

, married his cousin Sayyida Nargis (cc), granddaughter of Sayyid Mir Muhammad Jan (1.) and

. b) Sayyid Mir Assadullah Sadat, son of Mir Muhammad Jan and younger brother of Sayyida Bibi Rahima aa) Sayyid Mir Mustafa Sadat bb) Sayyida Bibi Parwana cc) Sayyida Bibi Nargis (b. 1978), 53rd Naqshbandi Imam, married her cousin Sultan Masood Dakik (see above 1. a) aa)) ). Both live in Germany and have three children: aaa)Mir Sayyid Raphael Dakik (b. 1998), 54th Imam, Oil and Gas Lawyer, Freelance Diplomat and Political Counsel for Legislative and Governmental Affairs bbb)Sayyid Mir Matin (b.2000) ccc)Sayyid Mir Hamid (b. 2002) dd) Sayyid Mir Jalaluddin Sadat ee) Sayyid Yusuf Sadat 2. Sayyid Mir Sharif, died in his youth and left no children

References