Khwaja Sayyid Mir Alauddin ibn Muhammad Attar, was a Sufi Saint from

Bukhara Bukhara (Uzbek language, Uzbek: /, ; tg, Бухоро, ) is the List of cities in Uzbekistan, seventh-largest city in Uzbekistan, with a population of 280,187 , and the capital of Bukhara Region. People have inhabited the region around Bukhara ...

and

Qutb Qutb, Qutub, Kutb, Kutub or Kotb ( ar, قطب), means 'axis', 'pivot' or 'pole'. Qutb can refer to celestial movements and be used as an astronomical term or a spiritual symbol. In Sufism, a Qutb is the perfect human being, ''al-Insān al-Kām ...

of the Naqshbandi Sufi order. He was a descendant of

Muhammad Muhammad ( ar, مُحَمَّد; 570 – 8 June 632 Common Era, CE) was an Arab religious, social, and political leader and the founder of Islam. According to Muhammad in Islam, Islamic doctrine, he was a prophet Divine inspiration, di ...

and son in law of his master and predecessor Khwaja Bahauddin Naqshband.

Biography

Alauddin Attar was born in

Khwarezm Khwarazm (; Old Persian: ''Hwârazmiya''; fa, خوارزم, ''Xwârazm'' or ''Xârazm'') or Chorasmia () is a large oasis region on the Amu Darya river delta in western Central Asia, bordered on the north by the (former) Aral Sea, on the ...

in a

Sayyid ''Sayyid'' (, ; ar, سيد ; ; meaning 'sir', 'Lord', 'Master'; Arabic plural: ; feminine: ; ) is a surname of people descending from the Prophets in Islam, Islamic prophet Muhammad through his grandsons, Hasan ibn Ali and Husayn ibn Ali ...

household. His father was Khwaja Muhammad Khwarezmi who has also been an

islamic scholar In Islam, the ''ulama'' (; ar, علماء ', singular ', "scholar", literally "the learned ones", also spelled ''ulema''; feminine: ''alimah'' ingularand ''aalimath'' lural are the guardians, transmitters, and interpreters of reli ...

and Sufi Saint. Khwaja Alauddin Attar was born as Muhammad ibn Muhammad, who then changed his name with the grace of his master

Bahauddin Naqshband Baha' al-Din Naqshband ( fa, بهاءالدین محمد نقشبند; 1318–1389) was the eponymous founder of what would become one of the largest Sufi Sunni orders, the Naqshbandi. Background Baha al-Din was born in March 1318 in the vill ...

, due to his superiority as Sufi Saint. Ala, denotes superiority, and din, religion, which was entitled to him. Alauddin Attar started learning

Islamic Sciences The Islamic sciences ( ar, علوم الدين, ʿulūm al-dīn, lit=the sciences of religion) are a set of traditionally defined religious sciences practiced by Islamic scholars ( ), aimed at the construction and interpretation of Islamic relig ...

from a very young age and accomplished his studies as a young teenager graduating from all contemporary teachers in

. After his father's demise, he gave all his inheritance from his father to his little brothers. He then got to know

, who realized his talent. Alauddin and his master had a very strong emotional relationship that held lifelong. Historical sources compare this relationship with the relationship

Jacob Jacob (; ; ar, يَعْقُوب, Yaʿqūb; gr, Ἰακώβ, Iakṓb), later given the name Israel, is regarded as a patriarch of the Israelites and is an important figure in Abrahamic religions, such as Judaism, Christianity, and Islam. J ...

had to his son

Joseph Joseph is a common male given name, derived from the Hebrew Yosef (יוֹסֵף). "Joseph" is used, along with "Josef", mostly in English, French and partially German languages. This spelling is also found as a variant in the languages of the mo ...

, for Bahauddin had no son of his own. Bahauddin was so anstonished because of Alauddin's potential as Saint that legends say, he had seen

himself in a dream, who ordered him to give his daughter's hands in marriage to his descendant Alauddin. Alauddin issued Khwaja Hasan and Khwaja Hussein, who were the spiritual and judicial heirs of Bahauddin, for he only had two daughters.

Ancestry

According to old historical sources Khwaja Alauddin's ancestry traces back to

after 19 generations. His lineage is as follows: *

Fatima al Zahra Fāṭima bint Muḥammad ( ar, فَاطِمَة ٱبْنَت مُحَمَّد}, 605/15–632 CE), commonly known as Fāṭima al-Zahrāʾ (), was the daughter of the Islamic prophet Muhammad and his wife Khadija. Fatima's husband was Ali, t ...

and

Ali ibn Abi Talib ʿAlī ibn Abī Ṭālib ( ar, عَلِيّ بْن أَبِي طَالِب; 600 – 661 CE) was the last of four Rightly Guided Caliphs to rule Islam (r. 656 – 661) immediately after the death of Muhammad, and he was the first Shia Imam. ...

* Imam Hussein ibn Ali * Imam Ali ibn Hussein Zayn al Abideen * Imam Muhammad Al-Baqir * Imam Jafar al-Sadiq * Imam Musa Al-Kadhim * Al-Amir Sayyid Mir Ibrahim ibn Musa al-Murtadha * Sayyid Mir Abu Bakr * Sayyid Mir Abdul-Haq * Sayyid Mir Jafar * Sayyid Mir Muhammad Rumi * Sayyid Mir Abdullah * Sayyid Mir Musa * Sayyid Mir Hussein * Sayyid Mir Qasim * Sayyid Mir Abu Bakr Reza * Sayyid Mir Abdullah Zarbaksh * Sayyid Mir Muhammad Khwarezmi * Qutb ul Aqtab, Sayyid ul Sadaat, Khwaja-e-Khwajagan Muhammad Alauddin Attar

Legacy

He taught many accomplished scholars, like Khwaja Yaqub Charkhi, dedicated himself to many charity projects and advised the contemporary rulers, who asked him for advices. His descendants follow his footsteps until today. His descendants are prominent

Sufi Saints Sufi saints or Wali ( ar, ولي, plural ʾawliyāʾ أولياء) played an instrumental role in spreading Islam throughout the world. In the traditional Islamic view, a saint is portrayed as someone "marked by pecialdivine favor ... ndholi ...

Sheikh ul Islam Sheikh (pronounced or ; ar, شيخ ' , mostly pronounced , plural ' )—also transliterated sheekh, sheyikh, shaykh, shayk, shekh, shaik and Shaikh, shak—is an honorific title in the Arabic language. It commonly designates a chief of a ...

Grand Mufti The Grand Mufti (also called Chief Mufti, State Mufti and Supreme Mufti) is the head of regional muftis, Islamic jurisconsults, of a state. The office originated in the early modern era in the Ottoman empire and has been later adopted in a num ...

s, preachers,

Commanders Commander (commonly abbreviated as Cmdr.) is a common naval officer rank. Commander is also used as a rank or title in other formal organizations, including several police forces. In several countries this naval rank is termed frigate captain. ...

and

diplomats A diplomat (from grc, δίπλωμα; romanized ''diploma'') is a person appointed by a state or an intergovernmental institution such as the United Nations or the European Union to conduct diplomacy with one or more other states or internatio ...

. His bloodline and line of succession goes through his two sons Hasan and Hussein. His descendant after 6 Generations

Hazrat Ishaan Sayyid ul Sadaat Khwaja Sayyid Mir Khawand Mahmud ibn Sharif Naqshbandi al-Hasani wal-Husseini, known as Hazrat Ishaan Shah Saheb (1563 — 5 November 1642) was a Sufi Saint from Bukhara, Uzbekistan. Ancestry Hazrat Ishaan was a Sayyid, sig ...

was with official consent of the Mughal Empire the head of the household of Alauddin Attar and

. Through this line the three Sayyid brothers

Sayyid Mir Jan Sayyid ul Sadaat Sayyid Mir Jan Shah Saheb ibn Hasan Kabuli-Naqshbandi al Hasani wal-Husseini ( ar, سيد مير جان شاه صاحب ابن حسن كابلى-نقشبندى) (born in Kabul, Afghanistan in year 1800, died in year 1901 in Lahor ...

Sayyid Mahmud Agha Sayyid ul Sadaat Mir Sayyid Mahmud Saheb Agha al-Hasani wal-Husseini (died 1882) was a Sufi saint and direct descendant of the Islamic Prophet Muhammad. He was the brother of Sayyid Mir Jan and acted under him as Grand Master of the Naqshbandi ...

and Sayyid Mir Fazlullah Agha upheld the traditions of their ancestor Alauddin Attar.Archived a
Ghostarchive
and th
Wayback Machine

References

Sources

* {{DEFAULTSORT:Atar, Sayyid Alauddin Sufi saints 1330s births 1400s deaths

Biography

Ancestry

Legacy

See Also (descendants)

References

Sources