Sauveur François Morand (2 April 1697,

Paris Paris () is the capital and most populous city of France, with an estimated population of 2,165,423 residents in 2019 in an area of more than 105 km² (41 sq mi), making it the 30th most densely populated city in the world in 2020. S ...

– 21 July 1773) was a French

surgeon In modern medicine, a surgeon is a medical professional who performs surgery. Although there are different traditions in different times and places, a modern surgeon usually is also a licensed physician or received the same medical training as ...

Biography

In 1724, he became a demonstrator of surgery at the Jardin du Roi in Paris, followed by service as ''censeur royal'' and a surgeon at the Hôpital de la Charité (from 1730). He was later appointed surgeon-major of the ''

Régiment des Gardes françaises The French Guards (french: Régiment des Gardes françaises) were an elite infantry regiment of the French Royal Army. They formed a constituent part of the Maison militaire du roi de France ("Military Household of the King of France") under the ...

'' (1739) and chief-surgeon at the

Hôtel des Invalides The Hôtel des Invalides ( en, "house of invalids"), commonly called Les Invalides (), is a complex of buildings in the 7th arrondissement of Paris, France, containing museums and monuments, all relating to the military history of France, as ...

.Prosopo
Sociétés savantes de France
at Who Named It He was a founding member of the Académie de chirurgie (1731), and a member of numerous learned societies in Europe. In 1725 he was elected as a member of the Académie Royale des Sciences. In 1729, while visiting

St. Thomas's Hospital St Thomas' Hospital is a large NHS teaching hospital in Central London, England. It is one of the institutions that compose the King's Health Partners, an academic health science centre. Administratively part of the Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Fo ...

London London is the capital and largest city of England and the United Kingdom, with a population of just under 9 million. It stands on the River Thames in south-east England at the head of a estuary down to the North Sea, and has been a majo ...

, he had the opportunity to learn

William Cheselden William Cheselden (; 19 October 168810 April 1752) was an English surgeon and teacher of anatomy and surgery, who was influential in establishing surgery as a scientific medical profession. Via the medical missionary Benjamin Hobson, his work ...

's new procedure for stone cut, the lateral perineal lithotomy, a procedure that involved filling the

bladder The urinary bladder, or simply bladder, is a hollow organ in humans and other vertebrates that stores urine from the kidneys before disposal by urination. In humans the bladder is a distensible organ that sits on the pelvic floor. Urine enters ...

with water. Whilst in England he was elected a

Fellow of the Royal Society Fellowship of the Royal Society (FRS, ForMemRS and HonFRS) is an award granted by the judges of the Royal Society of London to individuals who have made a "substantial contribution to the improvement of natural science, natural knowledge, incl ...

. In a 1766 treatise titled, "''Sur un enfant auquel il manquoit les deux clavicules''", etc., he was the first physician to describe

cleidocranial dysostosis Cleidocranial dysostosis (CCD), also called cleidocranial dysplasia, is a birth defect that mostly affects the bones and teeth. The collarbones are typically either poorly developed or absent, which allows the shoulders to be brought close togethe ...

.Sauveur François Morand - bibliography
at Who Named It

Family

He was son of Jean Morand (1659-1726), who served as chief surgeon at the Hôtel des Invalides, and the son-in-law of Georges Maréchal, first surgeon to

Louis XIV , house = Bourbon , father = Louis XIII , mother = Anne of Austria , birth_date = , birth_place = Château de Saint-Germain-en-Laye, Saint-Germain-en-Laye, France , death_date = , death_place = Palace of Vers ...

and then to

Louis XV Louis XV (15 February 1710 – 10 May 1774), known as Louis the Beloved (french: le Bien-Aimé), was King of France from 1 September 1715 until his death in 1774. He succeeded his great-grandfather Louis XIV at the age of five. Until he reache ...

. His son, Jean François-Clément Morand (1726-1784) taught classes in

anatomy Anatomy () is the branch of biology concerned with the study of the structure of organisms and their parts. Anatomy is a branch of natural science that deals with the structural organization of living things. It is an old science, having its ...

and

obstetrics Obstetrics is the field of study concentrated on pregnancy, childbirth and the postpartum period. As a medical specialty, obstetrics is combined with gynecology under the discipline known as obstetrics and gynecology (OB/GYN), which is a surgi ...

Associated eponym

* "Morand's spur": The lower of two elevations on the medial wall of the posterior horn of the lateral ventricle of the brain. It is caused by lateral extension of the calcarine sulcus. Sometimes referred to as "

Haller Haller is a surname of English and German origin. It is the last name of: * Albin Haller (1849–1925), French chemist * Albrecht von Haller (1708–1777), Swiss anatomist and physiologist, also notable for his contributions to botany * Albrecht v ...

's unguis".Morand's spur
at Who Named It

Selected published works

* ''Traité de la taille au haut appareil'', 1728. * "A dissertation on the high operation for the stone", published in English, 1729. * ''Discours pour prouver qu'il est nécessaire à un chirurgien d'être lettré'', 1743. * ''Receuil d'expériences et d'observations sur la pierre''; (with François Brémond), two volumes, 1743. * ''Sur un enfant auquel il manquoit les deux clavicules, le sternum et les cartilages, qui dans l'état naturel l'attachent aux côtes''. Histoire de l'Académie Royale des sciences, Paris, (1760), 1766: 47–48. (Contains first description of

. * ''Opuscules de chirurgie'', two volumes, 1768 and 1772.

References

{{DEFAULTSORT:Morand, Sauveur Francois 1697 births 1773 deaths Scientists from Paris Members of the French Academy of Sciences Contributors to the Encyclopédie (1751–1772) French surgeons French urologists Fellows of the Royal Society