Saud bin Muhammad Al Muqrin ( ar, سعود بن محمد آل مقرن ''Suʿūd ibn Muḥammad Āl Muqrin''; 1640–1726) was the eponymous ancestor of the
House of Saud, otherwise known as the Al Saud.
Biography
Saud was from the family of Al Muqrin that traces its origin to the Arabian tribe of
'Amir ibn Saasaa. Saud was the leader of the oasis of
Diriyah
Diriyah ( ar, الدِرْعِيّة), formerly romanized as Dereyeh and Dariyya), is a town in Saudi Arabia located on the north-western outskirts of the Saudi capital, Riyadh. Diriyah was the original home of the Saudi royal family, and served ...
from 1720 to 1726.
The Al Saud originated as a leading family in a town called Diriyah, close to the modern city of
Riyadh
Riyadh (, ar, الرياض, 'ar-Riyāḍ, lit.: 'The Gardens' Najdi pronunciation: ), formerly known as Hajr al-Yamamah, is the capital and largest city of Saudi Arabia. It is also the capital of the Riyadh Province and the centre of th ...
, near the center of
Najd. Sometime in the early 16th century, ancestors of Saud bin Muhammad took over some date groves, one of the few forms of agriculture the area could support, and settled there. Over time, the groves grew into a small town, and the clan came to be recognized as its leaders.
Two decades after his death, Saud's son
Muhammad ibn Saud
Muhammad bin Saud Al Muqrin ( ''Muḥammad bin Suʿūd Āl Muqrin''; 1687–1765), also known as Ibn Saud, was the emir of Diriyah and is considered the founder of the First Saudi State and the Saud dynasty, which are named for his father, Sau ...
made his historic pact with
Muhammad ibn Abd al-Wahhab
Muhammad ibn Abd al-Wahhab ibn Sulayman al-Tamimi ( ar, محمد بن عبد الوهاب بن سليمان , translit=Muḥammad ibn ʿAbd al-Wahhāb ibn Sulaymān al-Tamīmī; 1703–1792) was an Arabian Islamic scholar, theologian, preacher, ac ...
, leading to their conquest of Arabia and the establishments of the
First Saudi State
The Emirate of Diriyah (), also known as the First Saudi State, was established in February 1727 (1139 AH). In 1744, the emir of Najdi town called Diriyah Muhammad bin Saud and the religious leader Muhammad ibn Abd al-Wahhab formed an alliance ...
. Sheikh Muhammad's patronymic "Ibn Saud" eventually gave the clan its name of Al Saud.
Saud had other sons, Thunayyan, Mishari and Farhan. He died in 1726 and was succeeded by his son, Muhammad.
However, one of Saud's brothers, Muqrin, was killed by Muhammad bin Saud which caused an intrafamilial struggle and therefore, Zaid bin Farhan found an opportunity to control the rule of Diriyah.
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References
{{DEFAULTSORT:Muqrin, Saud Mohammed
17th-century monarchs in the Middle East
18th-century monarchs in the Middle East
18th-century imams
1640 births
1726 deaths
Saud bin Mohammed