was a Japanese

parasitologist Parasitology is the study of parasites, their hosts, and the relationship between them. As a biological discipline, the scope of parasitology is not determined by the organism or environment in question but by their way of life. This means it ...

entomologist Entomology () is the scientific study of insects, a branch of zoology. In the past the term "insect" was less specific, and historically the definition of entomology would also include the study of animals in other arthropod groups, such as arach ...

, and

helminthologist Helminthology is the study of parasitic worms (helminths). The field studies the Taxonomy (biology), taxonomy of helminths and their effects on their host (biology), hosts. The origin of the first compound of the word is the Greek ''wikt:ἕλ� ...

. He was a specialist of

mosquito Mosquitoes (or mosquitos) are members of a group of almost 3,600 species of small flies within the family Culicidae (from the Latin ''culex'' meaning " gnat"). The word "mosquito" (formed by ''mosca'' and diminutive ''-ito'') is Spanish for "li ...

es and

helminth Parasitic worms, also known as helminths, are large macroparasites; adults can generally be seen with the naked eye. Many are intestinal worms that are soil-transmitted and infect the gastrointestinal tract. Other parasitic worms such as schi ...

s such as

digenea Digenea (Gr. ''Dis'' – double, ''Genos'' – race) is a class of trematodes in the Platyhelminthes phylum, consisting of parasitic flatworms (known as ''flukes'') with a syncytial tegument and, usually, two suckers, one ventral and one oral. ...

ns,

monogenea Monogeneans are a group of ectoparasitic flatworms commonly found on the skin, gills, or fins of fish. They have a direct lifecycle and do not require an intermediate host. Adults are hermaphrodites, meaning they have both male and female reprod ...

ns, cestodes,

acanthocephala Acanthocephala (Greek , ', thorn + , ', head) is a phylum of parasitic worms known as acanthocephalans, thorny-headed worms, or spiny-headed worms, characterized by the presence of an eversible proboscis, armed with spines, which it uses to p ...

ns and

nematode The nematodes ( or grc-gre, Νηματώδη; la, Nematoda) or roundworms constitute the phylum Nematoda (also called Nemathelminthes), with plant-Parasitism, parasitic nematodes also known as eelworms. They are a diverse animal phylum inhab ...

s. He also worked on the parasitic crustaceans

Copepoda Copepods (; meaning "oar-feet") are a group of small crustaceans found in nearly every freshwater and saltwater habitat. Some species are planktonic (inhabiting sea waters), some are benthic (living on the ocean floor), a number of species have p ...

and

Branchiura The family Argulidae, whose members are commonly known as carp lice or fish lice, are parasitic crustaceans in the class Ichthyostraca. It is the only family in the monotypic subclass Branchiura and the order Arguloida, although a second family, ...

. Satyu Yamaguti wrote more than 60 scientific papersAnonymous. 1983. Special edition: A list of papers by Dr. Satyu Yamaguti and his collaborators and a notice on their distribution. The Meguro Parasitological Museum News, 153 (58), 1-12
PDF
and, more importantly, several huge monographs which are still in use by scientists all over the world and were cited over 1,000 times each.

Education and career

Satyu Yamaguti was born in

Nagano Prefecture is a landlocked prefecture of Japan located in the Chūbu region of Honshū. Nagano Prefecture has a population of 2,052,493 () and has a geographic area of . Nagano Prefecture borders Niigata Prefecture to the north, Gunma Prefecture to the ...

, Japan, 21 April 1894. He graduated from Okayama Medical College (1918), studied pathology at

Tokyo University , abbreviated as or UTokyo, is a public research university located in Bunkyō, Tokyo, Japan. Established in 1877, the university was the first Imperial University and is currently a Top Type university of the Top Global University Project by ...

(1918-1925) and parasitology at the Institut für Tropenkrankheiten in

Hamburg (male), (female) en, Hamburger(s), Hamburgian(s) , timezone1 = Central (CET) , utc_offset1 = +1 , timezone1_DST = Central (CEST) , utc_offset1_DST = +2 , postal ...

, Germany (1925-1926). He received his MD from Tokyo University in 1926 and was Dr. Sc. of

Kyoto University , mottoeng = Freedom of academic culture , established = , type = National university, Public (National) , endowment = ¥ 316 billion (2.4 1000000000 (number), billion USD) , faculty = 3,480 (Teaching Staff) , administrative_staff ...

in 1935. He was lecturer in parasitology in

(1927-1943), parasitologist at the Naval Institute of Tropical Hygiene in Macassar (then "Celebes" – now

Sulawesi Sulawesi (), also known as Celebes (), is an island in Indonesia. One of the four Greater Sunda Islands, and the world's eleventh-largest island, it is situated east of Borneo, west of the Maluku Islands, and south of Mindanao and the Sulu Ar ...

Indonesia Indonesia, officially the Republic of Indonesia, is a country in Southeast Asia and Oceania between the Indian and Pacific oceans. It consists of over 17,000 islands, including Sumatra, Java, Sulawesi, and parts of Borneo and New Guine ...

) with the Japanese Navy (1943-1944), and special consultant of the Malaria Survey Detachment of the

US Army The United States Army (USA) is the land service branch of the United States Armed Forces. It is one of the eight U.S. uniformed services, and is designated as the Army of the United States in the U.S. Constitution.Article II, section 2, cla ...

(1946-1950). He became Professor of parasitology in

Okayama University is a national university in Japan. The main campus is located in Tsushima-Naka, Okayama, Okayama Prefecture. The school was founded in 1870 and it was established as a university in 1949. History Okayama University was originally founded as t ...

Medical School (1950), was a visiting professor at the

University of Hawaii A university () is an institution of higher (or tertiary) education and research which awards academic degrees in several academic disciplines. Universities typically offer both undergraduate and postgraduate programs. In the United States, th ...

(1962-1966) and a Graduate Professor of Biology at

Tulane University Tulane University, officially the Tulane University of Louisiana, is a private university, private research university in New Orleans, Louisiana. Founded as the Medical College of Louisiana in 1834 by seven young medical doctors, it turned into ...

(1968-1969). He died on 11 March 1976 in

Kyoto Kyoto (; Japanese: , ''Kyōto'' ), officially , is the capital city of Kyoto Prefecture in Japan. Located in the Kansai region on the island of Honshu, Kyoto forms a part of the Keihanshin metropolitan area along with Osaka and Kobe. , the ci ...

, Japan.

Awards and honours

* Councilor, The Japanese Society of Parasitology since 1927. * President, The Japanese Society of Parasitology, 1938. * Honorary Member, The Japanese Society of Parasitology, 1963. * Honorary Member, American Society of Parasitologists, 1957. * Honorary Member, Helminthological Society of India, 1957. * Honorary Member, Zoological Society of India, 1957. * Honorary Member, American Microscocopical Society, 1971. * Honorary Member, The 3rd International Congress of Parasitology, 1974, München, Germany. * Fulbright-Smith-Mundt grantee, 1954-1955. *

National Science Foundation The National Science Foundation (NSF) is an independent agency of the United States government that supports fundamental research and education in all the non-medical fields of science and engineering. Its medical counterpart is the National I ...

grantee, 1955-1956, 1960-1962, 1962-1969.

Important publications

* Studies on the helminth fauna of Japan Pt. 1-57, 1933-1961. * Parasitic worms mainly from Celebes Pt. 1-11, 1952-1956. * Parasitic copepods from fishes of Japan, 13 papers. * Mosquito fauna of Japan and Korea, 213 pp., 1950 (monograph) * Mosquito fauna of Guam, 101 pp., 1950 (monograph) * Mosquito fauna of North America, Pt. I, 51 pp., 1950 (monograph). * Mosquito fauna of North America, Pt. II, 85 pp., 1950 (monograph) * Mosquito fauna of North America, Pt. Ill, 92 pp., 1950 (monograph). * Mosquito fauna of North America, Pt. IV, 136 pp., 1950 (monograph). * Mosquito fauna of North America. Pt. V, 265 pp., 1950 (monograph). * Illustrated Keys to adult Culidne mosquitoes of America north of Mexico, 1952. * Systema Helminthum. Vol. I, The Digenetic Trematodes of Vertebrates (in 2 Parts), 1958 (monograph) * Systema Helminthum. Vol. II. The Cestodes of Vertebrates, 1959 (monograph). * Systema Helminthum. Vol. III, The Nematodes of Vertebrates (in 2 Parts), 1961 (monograph). * Systema He1minthum. Vol. IV ( Monogenea and Aspidocotylea, 1963 (monograph). * Systema Helminthun1. Vol. V. Acanthocephala, 1963 (monograph). * Parasitic Copepoda and Branchiura of Fishes, 1963 (monograph). * Monogenetic Trematodes of Hawaiian Fishes, 1968 (monograph). * Digenetic Trematodes of Hawaiian Fishes, 1970 (monograph). * Synopsis of Digenetic Trematodes of Vertebrates, 1971 (monograph). * A Synoptical Review of Life Histories of Digenetic Trematodes of Vertebrates, 1975 (monograph). * Other miscellaneous studies of helminths. 61 papers.

Eponymous taxa

Numerous taxa were named in the honour of Satyu Yamaguti. Most are parasites. A few examples of

genera Genus ( plural genera ) is a taxonomic rank used in the biological classification of living and fossil organisms as well as viruses. In the hierarchy of biological classification, genus comes above species and below family. In binomial nomenclat ...

are: * ''Yamaguticotyla'' Price, 1959 (

Monogenea Monogeneans are a group of ectoparasitic flatworms commonly found on the skin, gills, or fins of fish. They have a direct lifecycle and do not require an intermediate host. Adults are hermaphrodites, meaning they have both male and female reprod ...

, Bychowskicotylidae) * ''Yamagutia'' Srivastava, 1939 (

Digenea Digenea (Gr. ''Dis'' – double, ''Genos'' – race) is a class of trematodes in the Platyhelminthes phylum, consisting of parasitic flatworms (known as ''flukes'') with a syncytial tegument and, usually, two suckers, one ventral and one oral. ...

, Faustulidae) * ''Yamagutiplectognathotrema'' Parukhin, 1977 (

Zoogonidae Zoogonidae are a family of trematodes. They are the namesake family of the suborder Zoogonata in the order Plagiorchiida. Selected genera are: * ''Brevicreadium'' * ''Deretrema'' Linton, 1910 * ''Diphtherostomum'' Stossich, 1904 * ''Glauciv ...

) * ''Yamagutisentis'' Golvan, 1969 (

Acanthocephala Acanthocephala (Greek , ', thorn + , ', head) is a phylum of parasitic worms known as acanthocephalans, thorny-headed worms, or spiny-headed worms, characterized by the presence of an eversible proboscis, armed with spines, which it uses to p ...

Echinorhynchidae Echinorhynchidae is a family of acanthocephalan parasitic worms from the order Echinorhynchida. The adult worms live in the intestines of fishes, amphibians and reptiles. The family contains the following genera, organised by subfamily.Amin, A ...

). Many species were dedicated to Satyu Yamaguti and are generally named ''yamagutii''
List in ION
, such as '' Acleotrema yamagutii'' , or, more rarely, ''satyui''
List in ION
, such as '' Pseudorhabdosynochus satyui''.

Zoological nomenclature

Satyu Yamaguti created what is probably the longest currently valid genus name of the

zoological nomenclature The International Code of Zoological Nomenclature (ICZN) is a widely accepted convention in zoology that rules the formal scientific naming of organisms treated as animals. It is also informally known as the ICZN Code, for its publisher, the In ...

, '' Lagenivaginopseudobenedenia'' Yamaguti, 1966.Yamaguti S. 1966. New monogenetic trematodes from Hawaiian fishes, II. Pacific Science 20(4): 419-434
PDF
This is a

n of the family

Capsalidae The Capsalidae Yamaguti, S. (1963) Systema Helminthum IV. Monogenea and Aspidocotylea. London-New York, Interscience Publishers. 699 pp. is a family of monopisthocotylean monogeneans, which includes about 200 species. The monophyly of the Capsa ...

, parasite on the gills of deep-sea fish of the family

Lutjanidae Lutjanidae, or snappers are a family of perciform fish, mainly marine, but with some members inhabiting estuaries, feeding in fresh water. The family includes about 113 species. Some are important food fish. One of the best known is the red snapp ...

Obituaries

* Guillermina R. Caballero (1976), Satyu Yamaguti (1894-1976). ''Anales del Instituto de Biologia, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de México'', 47 (2), 211-212 (dated 1976, published 1978) * Anonymous (1976), Necrologia, Curriculum Vitae of Dr. Satyu Yamaguti. ''Revista Ibérica de Parasitologia'', 36(1-2), 159-161 * The Meguro Parasitological Museum News, 1976, 121,6-13 (in Japanese
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* Bauer, O. N., Gussev, A. V., Kurochkin, Yu. V., Polyansy, Yu. I. (1977) Professor Satyu Yamaguti (1894-1976). Folia Parasitologica, 24, 105-106.

References

External links

List of taxonomic papers of Satyu Yamaguti in ZooBank (very incomplete)
{{DEFAULTSORT:Yamaguti, Satyu 1894 births 1976 deaths Japanese entomologists 20th-century Japanese zoologists People from Nagano Prefecture Japanese parasitologists