Santa Rosa de Calchines (commonly shortened to Santa Rosa) is a town (''comuna'') in the center of the

province A province is almost always an administrative division within a country or sovereign state, state. The term derives from the ancient Roman ''Roman province, provincia'', which was the major territorial and administrative unit of the Roman Empire ...

of Santa Fe, Argentina. It has 5,629 inhabitants per the . It lies 55 km northeast of the provincial capital, by Provincial Route 1, on the Calchines stream within the western banks of the San Javier River (a tributary of the Paraná).

History

The town was founded in 1816 as an

Indian reduction Indian reductions in the Andes ( es, reducciones de indios, links=no) were settlements in the former Inca Empire created by Spanish authorities and populated by the forcible relocation of indigenous Andean populations, called "Indians" by the Spa ...

, with the name of San Miguel de Calchines, under the control of

Franciscan The Franciscans are a group of related Mendicant orders, mendicant Christianity, Christian Catholic religious order, religious orders within the Catholic Church. Founded in 1209 by Italian Catholic friar Francis of Assisi, these orders include t ...

missionaries. In 1856 the priest in charge of the reduction calculated the number of resident natives as 3,000, and asked for a town to be established. The mission was moved to San Javier in 1857, and then again to its original site in 1860. In 1861 governor

Pascual Rosas Pascual is a Spanish given name and surname, cognate of Italian name Pasquale, Portuguese name Pascoal and French name Pascal. In Catalan-speaking area (including Andorra, Valencia, and Balearic islands) Pascual has the variant Pasqual. Pascu ...

ordered the natives to be moved again to San Javier, but they rebelled and were split into three reductions: San Javier,

Cayastá Cayastá is a town (''comuna'') in the provinces of Argentina, province of Santa Fe Province, Santa Fe, Argentina. It has 3,367 inhabitants per the . References

{{Authority control Populated places in Santa Fe Province ...

and Calchines. Rosas therefore decided to leave the matter as it was, founding three towns. Santa Rosa de Calchines was named in honor of St. Rose of Lima, its patron. The communal institutions were formally assembled on 14 July 1886.

Highlights

* The church of St. Rose of Lima, finished in 1863, is a National Historic Monument. Its altar, brought from

Naples Naples (; it, Napoli ; nap, Napule ), from grc, Νεάπολις, Neápolis, lit=new city. is the regional capital of Campania and the third-largest city of Italy, after Rome and Milan, with a population of 909,048 within the city's adminis ...

, Italy, was donated by president

Bartolomé Mitre Bartolomé Mitre Martínez (26 June 1821 – 19 January 1906) was an Argentine statesman, soldier and author. He was President of Argentina from 1862 to 1868 and the first president of unified Argentina. Mitre is known as the most versatile ...

, who attended the first mass. * Boxing champion

Carlos Monzón Carlos Roque Monzón (7 August 1942 – 8 January 1995), nicknamed Escopeta (''Shotgun'' in Spanish), was an Argentine professional boxer who held the undisputed world middleweight championship for 7 years. He successfully defended his title 14 t ...

was killed in a car crash in the jurisdiction of Santa Rosa in 1995. A monument at the site of his death commemorates it.

References

* * {{Ar-sf-inforama, 709 Populated places in Santa Fe Province