{{Infobox settlement , name = Santa Catarina , native_name = , other_name = , settlement_type =

Civil Parish In England, a civil parish is a type of administrative parish used for local government. It is a territorial designation which is the lowest tier of local government below districts and counties, or their combined form, the unitary authority ...

, image_skyline = Miradouro de Santa Catarina.jpg , image_caption = The scenic overlook of Miradouro da Santa Catarina, showing a view of the Tagus River and local neighborhoods , image_flag = , image_shield = , motto = , nickname = , etymology = ''Santa Catarina'',

Portuguese Portuguese may refer to: * anything of, from, or related to the country and nation of Portugal ** Portuguese cuisine, traditional foods ** Portuguese language, a Romance language *** Portuguese dialects, variants of the Portuguese language ** Portu ...

for ''Saint Catherine'', referring to

Catherine of Alexandria Catherine of Alexandria (also spelled Katherine); grc-gre, ἡ Ἁγία Αἰκατερίνη ἡ Μεγαλομάρτυς ; ar, سانت كاترين; la, Catharina Alexandrina). is, according to tradition, a Christian saint and virgin, wh ...

, subdivision_type = Country , subdivision_name =

Portugal Portugal, officially the Portuguese Republic ( pt, República Portuguesa, links=yes ), is a country whose mainland is located on the Iberian Peninsula of Southwestern Europe, and whose territory also includes the Atlantic archipelagos of ...

, subdivision_type1 = Region , subdivision_name1 =

Lisbon Lisbon (; pt, Lisboa ) is the capital and largest city of Portugal, with an estimated population of 544,851 within its administrative limits in an area of 100.05 km2. Grande Lisboa, Lisbon's urban area extends beyond the city's administr ...

, subdivision_type2 = Sub-region , subdivision_name2 =

, subdivision_type3 = District , subdivision_name3 =

, subdivision_type4 = Municipality , subdivision_name4 = Lisbon , parts_type = Localities , parts_style = para , p1 = Avenida D. Carlos I , p2 = Calçada do Combro , p3 = Rua da Rosa , p4 = Rua da Santa Catarina , p5 = Rua do Poço dos Negros , p6 = Rua do Século , image_map = , map_caption = , pushpin_map = , pushpin_relief = , pushpin_map_caption = , coordinates = {{coord, 38, 42, 40.95, N, 9, 8, 53.4, W, display=inline,title , coordinates_footnotes = , leader_title = Mayor , leader_name = Maria Irene dos Santos Lopes , leader_title1 = President Assembleia , leader_name1 = João Manuel Vidal Nabais , government_type =

LAU Lau or LAU may refer to: People * Lau (surname) * Liu (劉/刘), a common Chinese family name transliterated Lau in Cantonese and Hokkien * Lau clan, one of the Saraswat Brahmin clans of Punjab * LAU (musician): Laura Fares Places * Lebane ...

, governing_body =

Freguesia ''Freguesia'' (), usually translated as "parish" or "civil parish", is the third-level administrative subdivision of Portugal, as defined by the 1976 Constitution. It is also the designation for local government jurisdictions in the former Port ...

/Junta Freguesia , established_title = Settlement , established_date = , established_title1 =

Parish A parish is a territorial entity in many Christian denominations, constituting a division within a diocese. A parish is under the pastoral care and clerical jurisdiction of a priest, often termed a parish priest, who might be assisted by one or m ...

, established_date1 = 9 October 1559 , established_title2 =

, established_date2 = 28 November 1684 , area_footnotes = , area_total_km2 = .21 , area_total_sq_mi = , area_land_sq_mi = , area_water_sq_mi = , elevation_footnotes = , elevation_m = 39 , elevation_ft = , population_as_of = 2001 , population_footnotes = , population_total = 4081 , population_density_km2 = auto , population_density_sq_mi= , population_demonym = , timezone1 = WET , utc_offset1 = 0 , timezone1_DST =

WEST West or Occident is one of the four cardinal directions or points of the compass. It is the opposite direction from east and is the direction in which the Sunset, Sun sets on the Earth. Etymology The word "west" is a Germanic languages, German ...

, utc_offset1_DST = +1 , postal_code_type = Postal Zone , postal_code = 1200-153 Lisboa , area_code_type = , area_code = (+351) 213 XXX XXX , geocode = , iso_code = , blank_name =

Patron Saint A patron saint, patroness saint, patron hallow or heavenly protector is a saint who in Catholicism, Anglicanism, or Eastern Orthodoxy is regarded as the heavenly advocate of a nation, place, craft, activity, class, clan, family, or perso ...

, blank_info = Santa Catarina , blank1_name = Parish Address , blank1_info = Largo Dr. António de Sousa Macedo
1200-153 Lisboa , website = http://jf-santacatarina.pt , footnotes = Santa Catarina (

English English usually refers to: * English language * English people English may also refer to: Peoples, culture, and language * ''English'', an adjective for something of, from, or related to England ** English national ide ...

: '' Saint Catherine'') is a former parish (''

freguesia ''Freguesia'' (), usually translated as "parish" or "civil parish", is the third-level administrative subdivision of Portugal, as defined by the 1976 Constitution. It is also the designation for local government jurisdictions in the former Port ...

'') in the

municipality A municipality is usually a single administrative division having corporate status and powers of self-government or jurisdiction as granted by national and regional laws to which it is subordinate. The term ''municipality'' may also mean the go ...

. At the administrative reorganization of Lisbon on 8 December 2012 it became part of the parish

Misericórdia Misericórdia () is a ''freguesia'' (civil parish) and district of Lisbon, the capital of Portugal. Located in the historic center of Lisbon, Misericórdia is to the east of Estrela, west of Santa Maria Maior, and south of Santo António. It is h ...

.Lei n.º 56/2012 (Reorganização administrativa de Lisboa)
''Diário da República'', 1.ª Série, n.º 216. Accessed 25/11/2012. Its area is 0.21 km², and its population exceeds 4081 inhabitants (density 19433 inhabitants/km²).

History

The civil parish was instituted in on October 9, 1559, when it was de-annexed from the neighbouring parishes of Loreto (which later became Encarnação and Mártires, and included a stretch of land descending from Principe Real to Boavista. Its territory was one of the more extensive urban areas and, until the end of the 20th Century, one of the most populous. Its history was linked to Portuguese discoveries in the 14th and 15th Century, and is characterized by a diverse historical, sociological and cultural influence that mingled the ''aristocratic'' and ''popular''. The administrative limits have suffered successive alterations, the last of which (1959) caused controversy by removing many of the emblematic infrastructures of the parish. This included, specifically, the de-annexation of the area around the ''Miradouro do Alto de Santa Catarina'', an area considered a historical link to the areas past, and which provided in the 16th-17th Centuries assisted the patrol of the

Tejo River Tejo River is a river of Acre state in western Brazil. See also *List of rivers of Acre List of rivers in Acre (Brazilian State). The list is arranged by drainage basin, with respective tributaries indented under each larger stream's name and ...

. Many figures linked to the cultural or political life of the city (and the country) lived for a time in the parish, including

Sebastião José de Carvalho e Melo Sebastião is Portuguese for ''Sebastian''. This name may refer to: People * Sebastião (given name) Places * Sebastião Barros, a town in the state of Piauí, Brazil * Sebastião Laranjeiras, a city in the state of Bahia, Brazil * Sebastião Lea ...

Manuel Maria Barbosa du Bocage Manuel Maria Barbosa l'Hedois du Bocage (15 September 1765 – 21 December 1805), most often referred to simply as Bocage, was a Portuguese Neoclassic poet, writing at the beginning of his career under the pen name ''Elmano Sadino''. Biography ...

Almeida Garrett João Baptista da Silva Leitão de Almeida Garrett, 1st Viscount of Almeida Garrett (; 4 February 1799 – 9 December 1854) was a Portuguese poet, orator, playwright, novelist, journalist, politician, and a peer of the realm. A major promoter of ...

Alexandre Herculano Alexandre Herculano de Carvalho e Araújo (28 March 181013 September 1877) was a Portuguese novelist and historian. Early life Herculano's family had humble origins. One of his grandfathers was a foreman stonemason in the royal employ. Herculan ...

and

Camilo Castelo Branco Camilo Castelo Branco, 1st Viscount of Correia Botelho (; 16 March 1825 – 1 June 1890), was a prolific Portuguese writer of the 19th century, having produced over 260 books (mainly novels, plays and essays). His writing is considered original i ...

. Also, in 1847 (on ''Rua de São Boaventura'') Maria Amália Vaz de Carvalho was born (and also lived and died), a champion of women's rights, who affirmed, :''"The women have power. It is necessary to take advantage of them in the works of our common civilization. It is necessary, before everything transforms the education of the woman. The first thing that a woman did not learn is that she should learn and think. Dominate her destiny, modify it when it is convenient, because a faculty can just have those whom rationalize and those who know."''

Geography

The parish is part of a mountainous area, part of the

Bairro Alto Bairro Alto (; literally: ''Upper District'') is a central district of the city of Lisbon, the Portuguese capital. Unlike many of the civil parishes of Lisbon, this region can be commonly explained as a loose association of neighbourhoods, with no ...

, that descends south toward the

Tejo Tejo may refer to: *Tagus (Portuguese: ''Tejo''), a river on the Iberian Peninsula. *Tejo (sport), a sport and national pastime of Colombia. *Tejo (Argentina), a sport and national pastime of Argentina. *Tutmonda Esperantista Junulara Organizo (Wo ...

, and west to toward the parish of São Bento, cutting the ''Calçada do Combro'', supposedly the principal roadway in the formation of Lisbon, and where today is concentrated the largest group of architecturally significant buildings in the region. In the northern part of the parish is a scattering of small shops, artesian businesses, typo-graphs with a long tradition of influence on political life, bistros and coffee shops, while closer to the river, there are fewer businesses.

Architecture

Santa Catarina is a nucleus of a rich heritage of architecture, not just in quantity, but also in the importance historically. Most of the buildings, if not the facades, are representative of the 18th Century-style construction, while many religious sanctuaries have longer histories.

Civic

* Palácio Pombal ( en, Pombal Palace)
IPA Monument Class. PT031106280172
* Palácio do Cunhal das Bolas ( en, Cunhal das Bolas Palace) * Palácio dos Condes de Mesquitela ( en, Palace of the Counts of Mesquitela)
IPA Mounument Class. PT031106280171
* Palácio Flor da Murta ( en, Flor da Murta Palace)
IPA Monument Class. PT031106280226
* Chafariz da Rua do Século ( en, Século Road Fountain) * Palácio Cabral ( en, Cabral Palace)
IPA Monument Class. PT031106280068
* Edifício Lançada - Edifício de "O Século" ( en, O Século Building)
IPA Mounument Class. PT031106280255
* Palácio Paiva de Andrade ( en, Paiva de Andrade Palace) * Palácio Braamcamp ( en, Braacamp Palace)
IPA Monument Class. PT031106281027
* Palácio Perry Linde ( en, Perry Linde Palace) * Palácio dos Marqueses das Minas ( en, Marquis of Minas Palace)
IPA Monument Class. PT031106280516
* Palácio Marim Olhão ( en, Marim Olhão Palace) * Palácio dos Marqueses de Ficalho ( en, Marquis de Ficalho's Palace)
IPA Monument Class. PT031106280515

Religious

* Igreja da Santa Catarina ( en, Church of Saint Catherine)
IPA Monument Class. PT031106280036
* Ermida dos Fiéis de Deus ( en, Chapel of God's Faithful) * Ermida da Ascensão de Cristo ( en, Chapel of Christ Assumption) * Convento dos Inglesinhos ( en, Convent of the English) -
IPA Monument Class. PT031106280422
also known as the ''Colégio de São Pedro e São Paulo'' ('' en, Ecclesiastical College of Saints Peter and Paul'') * Convento dos Caetanos ( en, Caetanos Road Convent) -
IPA Monument Class. PT031106280715
home to the ''Conservatório Nacional'' ('' en, National Conservatory'')

Notable citizens

(13 May 1699 – 8 May 1782) - 1st Count of Oeiras, 1st Marquis of Pombal, 18th Century Portuguese statesman, Minister of the Kingdom in the government of

Joseph I of Portugal Dom Joseph I ( pt, José Francisco António Inácio Norberto Agostinho, ; 6 June 1714 – 24 February 1777), known as the Reformer (Portuguese: ''o Reformador''), was King of Portugal from 31 July 1750 until his death in 1777. Among other activ ...

from 1750 to 1777; the most prominent government official, ''de facto'' head of government, notable for his leadership in the aftermath of the

1755 Lisbon earthquake The 1755 Lisbon earthquake, also known as the Great Lisbon earthquake, impacted Portugal, the Iberian Peninsula, and Northwest Africa on the morning of Saturday, 1 November, Feast of All Saints, at around 09:40 local time. In combination with ...

, who implemented sweeping economic policies to regulate commercial activity and standardize quality, and instrumental in the weakening of the

Inquisition The Inquisition was a group of institutions within the Catholic Church whose aim was to combat heresy, conducting trials of suspected heretics. Studies of the records have found that the overwhelming majority of sentences consisted of penances, ...

in Portugal; *

(15 September 1765 — 21 December 1805) was a Neoclassic

poet A poet is a person who studies and creates poetry. Poets may describe themselves as such or be described as such by others. A poet may simply be the creator ( thinker, songwriter, writer, or author) who creates (composes) poems (oral or writte ...

, who wrote under the

pen name A pen name, also called a ''nom de plume'' or a literary double, is a pseudonym (or, in some cases, a variant form of a real name) adopted by an author and printed on the title page or by-line of their works in place of their real name. A pen na ...

''Elmano Sadino'' and is generally known for his baudy, rude prose; *

(4 February 1799 — 9 December 1854) a

playwright A playwright or dramatist is a person who writes plays. Etymology The word "play" is from Middle English pleye, from Old English plæġ, pleġa, plæġa ("play, exercise; sport, game; drama, applause"). The word "wright" is an archaic English ...

novelist A novelist is an author or writer of novels, though often novelists also write in other genres of both fiction and non-fiction. Some novelists are professional novelists, thus make a living writing novels and other fiction, while others aspire to ...

and

politician A politician is a person active in party politics, or a person holding or seeking an elected office in government. Politicians propose, support, reject and create laws that govern the land and by an extension of its people. Broadly speaking, a ...

; considered to have introduced the

Romanticism Romanticism (also known as the Romantic movement or Romantic era) was an artistic, literary, musical, and intellectual movement that originated in Europe towards the end of the 18th century, and in most areas was at its peak in the approximate ...

to Portugal, with his epic poem Camões, based on the life of

Luís de Camões Luís Vaz de Camões (; sometimes rendered in English as Camoens or Camoëns, ; c. 1524 or 1525 – 10 June 1580) is considered Portugal's and the Portuguese language's greatest poet. His mastery of verse has been compared to that of Shakespear ...

; *

(28 March 1810 – 13 September 1877), was a

historian A historian is a person who studies and writes about the past and is regarded as an authority on it. Historians are concerned with the continuous, methodical narrative and research of past events as relating to the human race; as well as the stu ...

and a constitutional Liberal with convictions on political Catholicism and Christianity; *

(16 March 1825 - 1 June 1890), was a prolific 19th Century writer, who authored over 260 books (mainly novels, plays and essays); *

Ramalho Ortigão José Duarte Ramalho Ortigão () (24 October 1836 – 27 September 1915) was a Portuguese writer of the late 19th century and early 20th century. Biography Ortigão spent his early years with his maternal grandmother in Porto. He studied law in ...

(24 October 1836 - 27 September 1915), was a 19th-century writer, who at one time battled (physically and in prose)

Antero de Quental Antero Tarquínio do Quental (; old spelling ''Anthero'') (18 April 184211 September 1891) was a Portuguese poet, philosopher, and writer. Do Quental is regarded as one of the greatest poets of his generation and is recognized as one of the most i ...

and ''Questão Coimbra''in modern literature, but later joined the ''Geração de 70'' as it promoted Portuguese culture; * Gonçalves Crespo (11 March 1846 – 11 June 1883), was a

Brazil Brazil ( pt, Brasil; ), officially the Federative Republic of Brazil (Portuguese: ), is the largest country in both South America and Latin America. At and with over 217 million people, Brazil is the world's fifth-largest country by area ...

ian-born poet, deeply informed by

Parnassianism Parnassianism (or Parnassism) was a French literary style that began during the positivist period of the 19th century, occurring after romanticism and prior to symbolism. The style was influenced by the author Théophile Gautier as well as by th ...

; *

Maria Amália Vaz de Carvalho Maria Amália Vaz de Carvalho (1 February 1847 – 24 March 1921) was a Portuguese writer and poet. She was the first woman to join the Portuguese Academy of Sciences (''Academia das Ciências de Lisboa''). Life The daughter of José Vaz de Ca ...

(2 February 1847 - 24 March 1921) was a writer and feminist, who wrote short stories, essays, biographies, and literary criticism; *

Abel Manta Abel Manta (12 October 1888 in Gouveia Municipality, Portugal, Gouveia – 9 August 1982 in Lisbon) was an architect, painter, designer, and Portuguese cartoonist. Between 1904 and 1916 attended the school of Fine Arts, completed the course in pa ...

(12 October 1888 - 9 August 1982), was an

architect An architect is a person who plans, designs and oversees the construction of buildings. To practice architecture means to provide services in connection with the design of buildings and the space within the site surrounding the buildings that h ...

painter Painting is the practice of applying paint, pigment, color or other medium to a solid surface (called the "matrix" or "support"). The medium is commonly applied to the base with a brush, but other implements, such as knives, sponges, and ai ...

designer A designer is a person who plans the form or structure of something before it is made, by preparing drawings or plans. In practice, anyone who creates tangible or intangible objects, products, processes, laws, games, graphics, services, or exp ...

and

cartoonist A cartoonist is a visual artist who specializes in both drawing and writing cartoons (individual images) or comics (sequential images). Cartoonists differ from comics writers or comic book illustrators in that they produce both the literary and ...

; * António Quadros ( 14 July 1923 — 21 March 1993), was a philosopher, writer, translator and university professor.

References

Former parishes of Lisbon Populated places established in 1559