The Sanjak of Üsküp was one of the
sanjak
Sanjaks (liwāʾ) (plural form: alwiyāʾ)
* Armenian language, Armenian: նահանգ (''nahang''; meaning "province")
* Bulgarian language, Bulgarian: окръг (''okrǔg''; meaning "county", "province", or "region")
* el, Διοίκησι ...
s in the
Ottoman Empire
The Ottoman Empire, * ; is an archaic version. The definite article forms and were synonymous * and el, Оθωμανική Αυτοκρατορία, Othōmanikē Avtokratoria, label=none * info page on book at Martin Luther University) ...
, with Üsküb (modern-day
Skopje
Skopje ( , , ; mk, Скопје ; sq, Shkup) is the capital and largest city of North Macedonia. It is the country's political, cultural, economic, and academic centre.
The territory of Skopje has been inhabited since at least 4000 BC; r ...
) as its administrative centre.
Origins
Starting from the end of the 10th century Skopje experienced a period of wars and political troubles. It served as
Bulgarian
Bulgarian may refer to:
* Something of, from, or related to the country of Bulgaria
* Bulgarians, a South Slavic ethnic group
* Bulgarian language, a Slavic language
* Bulgarian alphabet
* A citizen of Bulgaria, see Demographics of Bulgaria
* Bul ...
capital from 972 to 992, and
Samuel of Bulgaria
Samuel (also Samuil; bg, Самуил, ; mk, Самоил/Самуил, ; Old Church Slavonic: Самоилъ; died October 6, 1014) was the Tsar (''Emperor'') of the First Bulgarian Empire from 997 to 6 October 1014. From 977 to 997, he was a ...
ruled it from 976
until 1004 when its governor Roman surrendered it to Byzantine Emperor
Basil the Bulgar Slayer in 1004 in exchange for the titles of patrician and strategos. It became a centre of a new Byzantine
province
A province is almost always an administrative division within a country or sovereign state, state. The term derives from the ancient Roman ''Roman province, provincia'', which was the major territorial and administrative unit of the Roman Empire ...
called
Bulgaria
Bulgaria (; bg, България, Bǎlgariya), officially the Republic of Bulgaria,, ) is a country in Southeast Europe. It is situated on the eastern flank of the Balkans, and is bordered by Romania to the north, Serbia and North Macedon ...
. Skopje (Üsküb) had previously been the capital also of the short lived
Serbian Empire
The Serbian Empire ( sr, / , ) was a medieval Serbian state that emerged from the Kingdom of Serbia. It was established in 1346 by Dušan the Mighty, who significantly expanded the state.
Under Dušan's rule, Serbia was the major power in the ...
between 1346 and 1371.
Üsküb became part of Ottoman Empire after it was captured from the
District of Branković
The District of Branković ( sr, / ) or Vuk's Land ( sr, link=no, / ) was one of the short lived semi-independent states that emerged from the collapse of the Serbian Empire in 1371, following the death of the last Emperor Uroš the Weak (1346 ...
on January 6, 1392.
The first Ottoman governor of Skopje was
Pasha Yiğit Bey
Pasha Yiğit Bey or Saruhanli Pasha Yiğit Bey ( sh, Pašait-beg, also ''Pasaythus'' or ''Basaitus'' d. 1413) was an Ottoman civil and military officer at the end of the 14th and beginning of the 15th century.
Life
He was born in Manisa and wa ...
, who conquered Skopje for the Ottoman Empire. The next one was
Isak-Beg
Ishak Bey or Ishak-Beg or Ishak-Beg Hranić was an Ottoman governor and soldier, the sanjakbey of Üsküb from 1415 to 1439.
Biography
According to some sources he was a member of the Bosnian Hranušić family, released slave and adopted son ...
who was sent to lead military actions in Serbia in spring of 1439, and was replaced by his son
Isa-Beg Isaković in the position of
sanjakbeg
''Sanjak-bey'', ''sanjaq-bey'' or ''-beg'' ( ota, سنجاق بك) () was the title given in the Ottoman Empire to a bey (a high-ranking officer, but usually not a pasha) appointed to the military and administrative command of a district (''sanjak' ...
of the Sanjak of Skopje.
The sanjak was initially formed as the so-called ''krajište'' (Skopsko Krajište; lit. borderland of Skopje) that was transformed into a full sanjak in the mid-16th century.
History
The Sanjak of Üsküp had often been given to
beylerbey
''Beylerbey'' ( ota, بكلربكی, beylerbeyi, lit=bey of beys, meaning the 'commander of commanders' or 'lord of lords') was a high rank in the western Islamic world in the late Middle Ages and early modern period, from the Anatolian Seljuks ...
s as ''
arpalik Under the Ottoman Empire, an arpalik or arpaluk ( tr, Arpalık) was a large estate (i.e. sanjak) entrusted to some holder of senior position, or to some margrave, as a temporary arrangement before they were appointed to some appropriate position. Ar ...
''.
Up to the 19th century, the sanjak was part of the
Eyalet of Rumelia.
Uprisings against the Ottoman government occurred in the sanjak in 1572, 1584, 1585 and 1595.
During the
Great Turkish War
The Great Turkish War (german: Großer Türkenkrieg), also called the Wars of the Holy League ( tr, Kutsal İttifak Savaşları), was a series of conflicts between the Ottoman Empire and the Holy League consisting of the Holy Roman Empire, Pola ...
, Austrian general
Silvio Piccolomini burnt down Skopje in 1689.
In 1868 the Sanjak of Skopje together with the
Sanjak of Prizren
The Sanjak of Prizren or Priştine ( tr, Prizren Sancağı, sq, Sanxhaku i Prizrenit, sr, Призренски санџак / ''Prizrenski sandžak'') was one of the sanjaks in the Ottoman Empire with Prizren as its administrative centre. It was ...
,
Sanjak of Dibra
The Sanjak of Dibra, Debar, or Dibër ( tr, Debre Sancağı, al, Sanxhaku i Dibrës, mk, Дебарски санџак, translit=Debarski sandžak) was one of the sanjaks of the Ottoman Empire. Its capital was Debar, Macedonia (modern-day Nor ...
and
Sanjak of Niš
The Sanjak of Niš ( Turkish: Niş Sancağı; Serbian: Нишки санџак, romanized: ''Niški Sandžak''; Albanian: Sanxhaku i Nishit; Bulgarian: Нишки санджак, romanized: ''Nishki sandzhak'') was one of the sanjaks of the Ott ...
became part of the newly established
Prizren Vilayet
)
, settlement_type = Municipality and city
, image_skyline = Prizren Collage.jpg
, imagesize = 290px
, image_caption = View of Prizren
, image_alt = View of Prizren
, image_flag ...
. When
Kosovo Vilayet was established in 1877, the Prizren Vilayet (without several nahiyas annexed by the
Serbia
Serbia (, ; Serbian language, Serbian: , , ), officially the Republic of Serbia (Serbian language, Serbian: , , ), is a landlocked country in Southeast Europe, Southeastern and Central Europe, situated at the crossroads of the Pannonian Bas ...
) and its Sanjak of Skopje became part of Kosovo Vilayet, with Skopje as its seat.
According to the Ottoman General Census of 1881/82-1893, the
kaza
A kaza (, , , plural: , , ; ota, قضا, script=Arab, (; meaning 'borough')
* bg, околия (; meaning 'district'); also Кааза
* el, υποδιοίκησις () or (, which means 'borough' or 'municipality'); also ()
* lad, kaza
, ...
(sub-district) of Usküp had a total population of 70.170, consisting of 40.256 Muslims, 22.497
Macedonians, 6.655
Greeks
The Greeks or Hellenes (; el, Έλληνες, ''Éllines'' ) are an ethnic group and nation indigenous to the Eastern Mediterranean and the Black Sea regions, namely Greece, Cyprus, Albania, Italy, Turkey, Egypt, and, to a lesser extent, oth ...
, 724
Jews
Jews ( he, יְהוּדִים, , ) or Jewish people are an ethnoreligious group and nation originating from the Israelites Israelite origins and kingdom: "The first act in the long drama of Jewish history is the age of the Israelites""The ...
and 38
Latins
The Latins were originally an Italic tribe in ancient central Italy from Latium. As Roman power and colonization spread Latin culture during the Roman Republic.
Latins culturally "Romanized" or "Latinized" the rest of Italy, and the word Latin ...
.
Kemal Karpat
Kemal Haşim Karpat (15 February 1924, Babadag Tulcea, Romania – 20 February 2019, Manchester, New Hampshire, United States) was a Romanian- Turkish naturalised American historian and professor at the University of Wisconsin–Madison.
Earl ...
(1985)
Ottoman Population, 1830-1914, Demographic and Social Characteristics
The University of Wisconsin Press
The University of Wisconsin Press (sometimes abbreviated as UW Press) is a non-profit university press publishing peer-reviewed books and journals. It publishes work by scholars from the global academic community; works of fiction, memoir and po ...
, p. 140-141
During the
First Balkan War
The First Balkan War ( sr, Први балкански рат, ''Prvi balkanski rat''; bg, Балканска война; el, Αʹ Βαλκανικός πόλεμος; tr, Birinci Balkan Savaşı) lasted from October 1912 to May 1913 and invo ...
in 1912 and the beginning of 1913, the Sandzak of Skopje was liberated by the
Kingdom of Serbia
The Kingdom of Serbia ( sr-cyr, Краљевина Србија, Kraljevina Srbija) was a country located in the Balkans which was created when the ruler of the Principality of Serbia, Milan I, was proclaimed king in 1882. Since 1817, the Princi ...
. On the basis of the
Treaty of London signed during the
London Conference in 1913, its territory became a part of
Serbia
Serbia (, ; Serbian language, Serbian: , , ), officially the Republic of Serbia (Serbian language, Serbian: , , ), is a landlocked country in Southeast Europe, Southeastern and Central Europe, situated at the crossroads of the Pannonian Bas ...
.
List of governors
The earliest governors, of the so-called Skopje ''krajište'':
*
Pasha Yiğit Bey
Pasha Yiğit Bey or Saruhanli Pasha Yiğit Bey ( sh, Pašait-beg, also ''Pasaythus'' or ''Basaitus'' d. 1413) was an Ottoman civil and military officer at the end of the 14th and beginning of the 15th century.
Life
He was born in Manisa and wa ...
: (1392–1414)
*
Ishak Bey
Ishak Bey or Ishak-Beg or Ishak-Beg Hranić was an Ottoman governor and soldier, the sanjakbey of Üsküb from 1415 to 1439.
Biography
According to some sources he was a member of the Bosnian Hranušić family, released slave and adopted son ...
: (1414–1439)
*
Nesuh Bey: (1439–1454)
*
Isa-Beg Ishaković: (1454–1463)
Sanjakbeys:
*
Mustafa Pasha Kara Mehmed-zade: (July 1755–?)
*
Osman Pasha Osman Pasha (also spelled ''Uthman Pasha'' or ''Othman Pasha'') may refer to:
* Özdemiroğlu Osman Pasha (1527–1585), Ottoman grand vizier
* Bosniak Osman Pasha (died 1685), Ottoman governor of Egypt, Damascus, and Bosnia
* Topal Osman Pasha (16 ...
: (September 1844 – August 1845)
*
Mehmed Selim Pasha Eneste Haseki: (August 1845 – March 1848)
*
Hafiz Mehmed Pasha
Hafiz Mehmed Pasha was the Ottoman ''wali'' (governor) of the Kosovo Vilayet between 1894 and 1899. He had previously served as ''mutesarif'' of Pristina
Pristina, ; sr, / (, ) is the capital and largest city of Kosovo. The city's municip ...
the Cherkessian: (March 1848 – May 1850)
*
Ismail Pasha Paisli: (May 1850 – April 1851)
*
Mustafa Tosun Pasha: (April 1851 – October 1853)
*
Ali Riza Mehmed Pasha: (November 1853 – February 1854)
*
Akif Pasha: (1857–?)
*
Mahzar Osman Pasha Arnavut: (September 1858 – August 1859)
*
Rustem Pasha Ebubekir: August 1859 – March 1860
*
Alyanak Mustafa Pasha: (March 1860—July 1863)
*
Mahmud Faiz Pasha: (July 1863 – January 1864)
*?
*
İsmail Hakkı Paşa Şehsüvarzade Leskovikli: (November 1865 – July 1869)
*?
*
Hafuz Pasha
Hafiz or Hafuz Pasha ( al, Hafuz Pasha, mk, Хафуз-паша/Hafuz-paša or Hafus-paša; fl. 1826 - 1904) was an Albanians, Albanian Ottoman Empire, Ottoman official and ''vali (Ottoman), vali'' (governor) of Sanjak of Üsküb, Üsküb (Skopj ...
: (fl. 1876–1900)
References
Literature
*
External links
Macedonia and the Macedonians: a history By Andrew Rossos
{{DEFAULTSORT:Uskub, Sanjak of
Sanjaks of the Ottoman Empire in Europe
Sanjak of Üsküp
The Sanjak of Üsküp was one of the sanjaks in the Ottoman Empire, with Üsküb (modern-day Skopje) as its administrative centre.
Origins
Starting from the end of the 10th century Skopje experienced a period of wars and political troubles. It ...
Ottoman period in the history of Kosovo
Kosovo vilayet
Ottoman period in the history of North Macedonia
Ottoman Serbia
1463 establishments in the Ottoman Empire
1913 disestablishments in the Ottoman Empire
States and territories established in 1463
States and territories disestablished in 1913