''Sanguisorba'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Rosaceae native to the temperate regions of the Northern Hemisphere. The common name is burnet.

Description

The plants are herbaceous

perennial A perennial plant or simply perennial is a plant that lives more than two years. The term ('' per-'' + '' -ennial'', "through the years") is often used to differentiate a plant from shorter-lived annuals and biennials. The term is also wid ...

s or small shrubs. The stems grow to 50–200 cm tall and have a cluster of basal leaves, with further leaves arranged alternately up the stem. The leaves are pinnate, 5–30 cm long, with 7-25 leaflets, the leaflets with a serrated margin. Young leaves grow from the crown in the center of the plant. The flowers are small, produced in dense clusters 5–20 mm long; each flower has four very small petals, white to red in colour.

Species

The following species are accepted: *''

Sanguisorba albanica ''Sanguisorba'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Rosaceae native to the temperate regions of the Northern Hemisphere. The common name is burnet. Description The plants are herbaceous perennials or small shrubs. The stems grow to 50 ...

'' András. & Jáv. *'' Sanguisorba albiflora'' (Makino) Makino *''

Sanguisorba alpina ''Sanguisorba'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Rosaceae native to the temperate regions of the Northern Hemisphere. The common name is burnet. Description The plants are herbaceous perennials or small shrubs. The stems grow to 50 ...

'' Bunge *''

Sanguisorba ancistroides ''Sanguisorba'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Rosaceae native to the temperate regions of the Northern Hemisphere. The common name is burnet. Description The plants are herbaceous perennials or small shrubs. The stems grow to 50 ...

'' (Desf.) Ces. *'' Sanguisorba annua'' (Nutt. ex Hook.) Torr. & A.Gray – annual burnet, prairie burnet, western burnet *'' Sanguisorba applanata'' T.T.Yu & C.L.Li *'' Sanguisorba armena'' Boiss. *''

Sanguisorba azovtsevii ''Sanguisorba'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Rosaceae native to the temperate regions of the Northern Hemisphere. The common name is burnet. Description The plants are herbaceous perennials or small shrubs. The stems grow to 50 ...

'' Krasnob. & Pshenich. *'' Sanguisorba canadensis'' L. – Canadian burnet, white burnet *'' Sanguisorba cretica'' Hayek *''

Sanguisorba diandra ''Sanguisorba'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Rosaceae native to the temperate regions of the Northern Hemisphere. The common name is burnet. Description The plants are herbaceous perennials or small shrubs. The stems grow to 50 ...

'' (Hook.f.) Nordborg *'' Sanguisorba dodecandra'' Moretti – Italian burnet *''

Sanguisorba durui ''Sanguisorba'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Rosaceae native to the temperate regions of the Northern Hemisphere. The common name is burnet. Description The plants are herbaceous perennials or small shrubs. The stems grow to 50 ...

'' Yild. *'' Sanguisorba filiformis'' (Hook.f.) Hand.-Mazz. *''

Sanguisorba hakusanensis ''Sanguisorba hakusanensis'', the Korean mountain burnet, is a species of flowering plant in the family Rosaceae, native to Korea and Japan. Its Japanese name means "coming from Haku", a mountain in Japan Japan ( ja, 日本, or , and fo ...

'' Makino *''

Sanguisorba hybrida ''Sanguisorba'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Rosaceae native to the temperate regions of the Northern Hemisphere. The common name is burnet. Description The plants are herbaceous perennials or small shrubs. The stems grow to 50 ...

'' (L.) Font Quer *''

Sanguisorba indica ''Sanguisorba'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Rosaceae native to the temperate regions of the Northern Hemisphere. The common name is burnet. Description The plants are herbaceous perennials or small shrubs. The stems grow to 50 ...

'' (Gardner) Tirveng. *''

Sanguisorba japonensis ''Sanguisorba'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Rosaceae native to the temperate regions of the Northern Hemisphere. The common name is burnet. Description The plants are herbaceous perennials or small shrubs. The stems grow to 50 ...

'' (Makino) Kudô *''

Sanguisorba × kishinamii ''Sanguisorba'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Rosaceae native to the temperate regions of the Northern Hemisphere. The common name is burnet. Description The plants are herbaceous perennials or small shrubs. The stems grow to 50 ...

'' Honda *''

Sanguisorba lateriflora ''Sanguisorba'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Rosaceae native to the temperate regions of the Northern Hemisphere. The common name is burnet. Description The plants are herbaceous perennials or small shrubs. The stems grow to 50 ...

'' (Coss.) A.Braun & C.D.Bouché *''

Sanguisorba longifolia ''Sanguisorba'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Rosaceae native to the temperate regions of the Northern Hemisphere. The common name is burnet. Description The plants are herbaceous perennials or small shrubs. The stems grow to 50 ...

'' Bertol. *''

Sanguisorba magnifica ''Sanguisorba'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Rosaceae native to the temperate regions of the Northern Hemisphere. The common name is burnet. Description The plants are herbaceous perennials or small shrubs. The stems grow to 50 ...

'' I.Schischk. & Kom. *''

Sanguisorba mauritanica ''Sanguisorba'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Rosaceae native to the temperate regions of the Northern Hemisphere. The common name is burnet. Description The plants are herbaceous perennials or small shrubs. The stems grow to 50 ...

'' Desf. *''

Sanguisorba megacarpa ''Sanguisorba'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Rosaceae native to the temperate regions of the Northern Hemisphere. The common name is burnet. Description The plants are herbaceous perennials or small shrubs. The stems grow to 50 ...

'' (Lowe) Muñoz Garm. & C.Navarro *''

Sanguisorba menendezii ''Sanguisorba'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Rosaceae native to the temperate regions of the Northern Hemisphere. The common name is burnet. Description The plants are herbaceous perennials or small shrubs. The stems grow to 50 ...

'' (Svent.) Nordborg – Canary Islands burnet *''

Sanguisorba minor ''Sanguisorba minor'', the salad burnet, garden burnet, small burnet, burnet (also used for ''Sanguisorba'' generally), pimpernelle, Toper's plant, and burnet-bloodwort, is an edible perennial herbaceous plant in the family Rosaceae. It has fe ...

'' Scop. – salad burnet, garden burnet, little burnet *''

Sanguisorba obtusa ''Sanguisorba obtusa'', the Japanese burnet, is a species of flowering plant in the family Rosaceae, native to Japan (Honshu). Growing up to tall by broad, this rhizomatous herbaceous perennial A perennial plant or simply perennial is a ...

'' Maxim. – Japanese burnet *'' Sanguisorba occidentalis'' Nutt. *'' Sanguisorba officinalis'' L. – great burnet, burnet bloodwort *'' Sanguisorba × poroshirensis'' S.Watan. *'' Sanguisorba × pseudo-officinalis'' Naruh. *'' Sanguisorba riparia'' Juz. *'' Sanguisorba rupicola'' (Boiss. & Reut.) A.Braun & C.D.Bouché *''

Sanguisorba sirnakia ''Sanguisorba'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Rosaceae native to the temperate regions of the Northern Hemisphere. The common name is burnet. Description The plants are herbaceous perennials or small shrubs. The stems grow to 50 ...

'' Yild. *'' Sanguisorba stipulata'' Raf. *'' Sanguisorba × takahashihideoi'' Naruh. *'' Sanguisorba tenuifolia'' Fisch. ex Link

Ecology

'' is a food plant for the larvae of the

grizzled skipper ''Pyrgus'' is a genus in the skippers butterfly family, Hesperiidae, known as the grizzled skippers. The name "checkered" or "chequered skipper" may also be applied to some species, but also refers to species in the genera '' Burnsius'' and '' ...

(''Pyrgus malvae'') and the

mouse moth The mouse moth (''Amphipyra tragopoginis'') is a moth of the family Noctuidae. It is a widespread species with a Holarctic distribution. Distribution Europe (except the extreme north, and not occurring in the south of Spain, Sicily, or the Balkan ...

(''Amphipyra tragopoginis'').

Cultivation and uses

Burnets are cultivated as garden plants. Many

cultivar A cultivar is a type of cultivated plant that people have selected for desired traits and when propagated retain those traits. Methods used to propagate cultivars include: division, root and stem cuttings, offsets, grafting, tissue culture ...

s have been bred, especially from '' S. officinalis''. '' S. canadensis'' is grown for its white flowers on stems that well exceed a meter tall. The plants

hybridize Hybridization (or hybridisation) may refer to: *Hybridization (biology), the process of combining different varieties of organisms to create a hybrid *Orbital hybridization, in chemistry, the mixing of atomic orbitals into new hybrid orbitals *Nu ...

easily, producing new mixes.Sutton, J
''Sanguisorba'' in Cultivation.
''The Plantsman''. Royal Horticultural Society. June, 2007. 78-83. '' S. obtusa'' is valued for its foliage of pink-edged, gray-green leaves.Bourne, V
How to grow: ''Sanguisorba''.
''The Daily Telegraph'' September 21, 2002. ''Sanguisorba officinalis'' is used medicinally in Asia to treat gastrointestinal conditions and bleeding. ''Sanguisorba minor'', salad burnet, has similarly been used medicinally in Europe to control bleeding. The leaves have a cucumber flavour and can be eaten in salads, or used fresh or dried and made into a tea.

Etymology

The Latin genus name ''Sanguisorba'' means ‘blood stauncher’. ‘Sanguis’ is a cognate with ‘sanguine’, meaning 'blood'. ‘Sorbeo’ means 'to staunch’. The plant is known to have styptic properties.

References

{{taxonbar , from=Q158282 Rosaceae genera