Admiral Sangad Chaloryu ( th, สงัด ชลออยู่; ; 4 March 1915 – 23 November 1980) was a Thai admiral and

politician A politician is a person active in party politics, or a person holding or seeking an elected office in government. Politicians propose, support, reject and create laws that govern the land and by an extension of its people. Broadly speaking, a ...

who served as head of the National Administrative Reform Council (NARC), a military junta that ruled Thailand from 1976 to 1980.

Education

Sangad study at Vichaibamrungraj School at

Chai Nat Province Chai Nat ( th, ชัยนาท, ) is one of the central Provinces of Thailand, provinces (''changwat'') of Thailand. Neighbouring provinces are (from north clockwise) Nakhon Sawan province, Nakhon Sawan, Sing Buri province, Sing Buri, Suphanbu ...

and then move to Uthai Witthayakhom School in

Uthai Thani Province Uthai Thani ( th, อุทัยธานี, ), one of Thailand's seventy-six provinces (''changwat'') lies in lower northern Thailand. Neighbouring provinces are (from north clockwise) Nakhon Sawan, Chai Nat, Suphan Buri, Kanchanaburi an ...

and move to Bangkok to study in Bansomdejchaopraya School in the navy district

Thon Buri District Thon Buri ( th, ธนบุรี, ) is one of the 50 districts (''khet'') of Bangkok, Thailand. On the west bank of Chao Phraya River, it was once part of Thon Buri province. Neighboring districts are (from north clockwise) Bangkok Yai, Ph ...

. After graduating from High School he started to study in a military academy in

Royal Thai Naval Academy The Royal Thai Naval Academy (Thai: โรงเรียนนายเรือ) (RTNA) was established by King Chulalongkorn (Rama V) in 1898. He officially opened the academy on 20 November 1906. Originally located on the royal yacht ''Maha ...

and military high education at

National Defence College of Thailand The National Defence College of Thailand or NDC ( th, วิทยาลัยป้องกันราชอาณาจักร, Witayalai Bongkan Ratcha-Anarchak) is an education organization that provides advanced training for both senior m ...

and Naval War College.

Careers

Sangad was considered to be a right-wing hawk and close to the

CIA The Central Intelligence Agency (CIA ), known informally as the Agency and historically as the Company, is a civilian foreign intelligence service of the federal government of the United States, officially tasked with gathering, processing, ...

. In the 1930s as a young Naval Midshipman, he had trained in

Nazi Germany Nazi Germany (lit. "National Socialist State"), ' (lit. "Nazi State") for short; also ' (lit. "National Socialist Germany") (officially known as the German Reich from 1933 until 1943, and the Greater German Reich from 1943 to 1945) was ...

in radar operations. As Commander of Naval flotilla in 1954, he helped French Marines and elite forces to escape from

Vietnam Vietnam or Viet Nam ( vi, Việt Nam, ), officially the Socialist Republic of Vietnam,., group="n" is a country in Southeast Asia, at the eastern edge of mainland Southeast Asia, with an area of and population of 96 million, making it ...

after Hanoi was overrun by the

Vietminh The Việt Minh (; abbreviated from , chữ Nôm and Hán tự: ; french: Ligue pour l'indépendance du Viêt Nam, ) was a national independence coalition formed at Pác Bó by Hồ Chí Minh on 19 May 1941. Also known as the Việt Minh Fr ...

. He also held the important position as Submarine Squadron Commander, Assistant Chief of Staff (operation), Commander of the Royal Thai Fleet, Deputy Commander-in-Chief of the Royal Thai Navy, and Commander in Chief of the Royal Thai Navy then Supreme Commander of the Armed Forces.

Coup leader

As defense minister, Sangad led the coup of October 6, 1976.Staff report (Oct. 18, 1976).
A Nightmare of Lynching and Burning
''Time''. This coup ousted the elected civilian government of

Seni Pramoj Mom Rajawongse Seni Pramoj ( th, หม่อมราชวงศ์เสนีย์ ปราโมช, , ; 26 May 190528 July 1997) was three times the Prime Minister of Thailand Thailand ( ), historically known as Siam () and ...

. Sangad became chairman of NARC, which appointed royal favorite

Thanin Kraivichien Thanin Kraivichien (first name also spelled ''Tanin'', last name ''Kraivixien'' or ''Kraivichian''; th, ธานินทร์ กรัยวิเชียร, , ; born 5 April 1927) is a Thai former judge, politician and law professor. He ...

as Prime Minister. The Thanin government instituted sweeping purges of leftists and communists. Sangad was a figurehead and Army Secretary

Kriangsak Chomanan Kriangsak Chamanan ( th, เกรียงศักดิ์ ชมะนันทน์, ; 17 December 191723 December 2003) served as prime minister of Thailand from 1977 to 1980. After staging a successful coup, he was asked to become Prime ...

was NARC's the most influential figure. NARC staged a second coup in October 1977, this time without the king's consent, and replaced Thanin with Kriangsak.Kamm, Henry (October 21, 1977). "Thai Junta Ousts Civilian Regime, Charging It Delayed Vote Too Long", ''

New York Times ''The New York Times'' (''the Times'', ''NYT'', or the Gray Lady) is a daily newspaper based in New York City with a worldwide readership reported in 2020 to comprise a declining 840,000 paid print subscribers, and a growing 6 million paid ...

Non-military activities

*Member of the House of Representatives *Member of the Constituent Assembly *Senator *Minister of Defense *Leader of 1976 coup *Leader of March 1977 coup attempt *President of the National Policy Council *Member of the 1973 National Legislative Assembly

Died

Sangad died with a heart attack on 23 November 1980 at Klaeng District Hospital,

Rayong Province Rayong province ( th, ระยอง, ) is one of seventy-six provinces (''changwat'') lies in eastern Thailand. Neighboring provinces are (from west clockwise) Chonburi, and Chanthaburi. To the south is the Gulf of Thailand. , per capita ear ...

, at age 65 years.

Honour

* Knight Grand Cordon (Special Class) of The Most Exalted

Order of the White Elephant __NOTOC__ The Most Exalted Order of the White Elephant ( th, เครื่องราชอิสริยาภรณ์อันเป็นที่เชิดชูยิ่งช้างเผือก; ) is an order of Thailand. It wa ...

* Knight Grand Cordon (Special Class) of The Most Noble

Order of the Crown of Thailand The Most Noble Order of the Crown of Thailand ( th, เครื่องราชอิสริยาภรณ์อันมีเกียรติยศยิ่งมงกุฎไทย; ) is a Thai order, established in 1869 by King Rama ...

Order of Chula Chom Klao - 2nd Class upper (Thailand) ribbon

Knight Grand Commander (Second Class, Upper Grade) of The Most Illustrious

Order of Chula Chom Klao The Most Illustrious Order of Chula Chom Klao ( th, เครื่องราชอิสริยาภรณ์จุลจอมเกล้า; ) was established on 16 November 1873 by King Rama V of The Kingdom of Siam (now Thailand ...

แจ้งความสำนักนายกรัฐมนตรี เรื่อง พระราชทานเครื่องราชอิสริยาภรณ์จุลจอมเกล้า
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References

{{Authority control Chaloryoo, Sangad Chaloryoo, Sangad

Sangad Chaloryu Admiral Sangad Chaloryu ( th, สงัด ชลออยู่; ; 4 March 1915 – 23 November 1980) was a Thai admiral and politician who served as head of the National Administrative Reform Council (NARC), a military junta that ruled Thailand ...

Thai leaders who took power by coup