Sandra Fredman FBA, KC (hon) is a professor of law in the Faculty of Law at the

University of Oxford The University of Oxford is a collegiate university, collegiate research university in Oxford, England. There is evidence of teaching as early as 1096, making it the oldest university in the English-speaking world and the List of oldest un ...

and a

fellow A fellow is a title and form of address for distinguished, learned, or skilled individuals in academia, medicine, research, and industry. The exact meaning of the term differs in each field. In learned society, learned or professional society, p ...

Pembroke College, Oxford Pembroke College, a constituent college of the University of Oxford, is located on Pembroke Square, Oxford. The college was founded in 1624 by King James I of England and VI of Scotland, using in part the endowment of merchant Thomas Tesdale ...

Early life and education

Fredman was born in

Johannesburg Johannesburg ( , , ; Zulu language, Zulu and Xhosa language, Xhosa: eGoli ) (colloquially known as Jozi, Joburg, Jo'burg or "The City of Gold") is the most populous city in South Africa. With 5,538,596 people in the City of Johannesburg alon ...

South Africa South Africa, officially the Republic of South Africa (RSA), is the Southern Africa, southernmost country in Africa. Its Provinces of South Africa, nine provinces are bounded to the south by of coastline that stretches along the Atlantic O ...

, and received her undergraduate degree in mathematics and philosophy from Witwatersrand University. She then worked for a short time as a political and labour journalist before attending

Wadham College, Oxford Wadham College ( ) is a Colleges of the University of Oxford, constituent college of the University of Oxford in the United Kingdom. It is located in the centre of Oxford, at the intersection of Broad Street, Oxford, Broad Street and Parks Road ...

as a

Rhodes Scholar The Rhodes Scholarship is an international Postgraduate education, postgraduate award for students to study at the University of Oxford in Oxford, United Kingdom. The scholarship is open to people from all backgrounds around the world. Esta ...

. She received

First Class Honours The British undergraduate degree classification system is a grading structure used for undergraduate degrees or bachelor's degrees and integrated master's degrees in the United Kingdom. The system has been applied, sometimes with significant var ...

for the BA in Law and the BCL.

Academic career

After graduation, she worked as a trainee solicitor in London at a firm of solicitors specialising trade union and labour law. She then became a

Lecturer Lecturer is an academic rank within many universities, though the meaning of the term varies somewhat from country to country. It generally denotes an academic expert who is hired to teach on a full- or part-time basis. They may also conduct re ...

in labour law at

King's College London King's College London (informally King's or KCL) is a public university, public research university in London, England. King's was established by royal charter in 1829 under the patronage of George IV of the United Kingdom, King George IV ...

. After four years in that position she was elected fellow in law at Exeter College, Oxford. In 1996 Fredman was made a Reader and was given the title of professor in 1999. She was elected a

Fellow of the British Academy Fellowship of the British Academy (post-nominal letters FBA) is an award granted by the British Academy to leading academics for their distinction in the humanities and social sciences. The categories are: # Fellows – scholars resident in t ...

in 2005. In 2011 she was appointed Professor in the Laws of the British Commonwealth and the USA. Funded by the university's Higher Studies Fund, this will be used to develop a focal point for a research and policy network in the comparative human rights law of these jurisdictions. The aim is to integrate academics, policy-makers, judges and students, in Oxford, in developed countries and also in many developing countries in the British Commonwealth which have had little exposure to academic research. The network will initially be focussing on two substantive themes, gender equality, and poverty and human rights.

Academic interests and teaching

Fredman's academic interests include

discrimination law Anti-discrimination law or non-discrimination law refers to legislation designed to prevent discrimination against particular groups of people; these groups are often referred to as protected groups or protected classes. Anti-discrimination laws ...

, labour law, and

human rights law International human rights law (IHRL) is the body of international law designed to promote human rights on social, regional, and domestic levels. As a form of international law, international human rights law is primarily made up of treaties, ag ...

. She teaches

constitutional law Constitutional law is a body of law which defines the role, powers, and structure of different entities within a state, namely, the executive, the parliament or legislature, and the judiciary; as well as the basic rights of citizens and, in ...

administrative law Administrative law is a division of law governing the activities of government agency, executive branch agencies of government. Administrative law includes executive branch rulemaking (executive branch rules are generally referred to as "regul ...

, European human rights law and labour law.

Private practice

Fredman also practises as a barrister and is a member of Old Square Chambers in London. Fredman founded the Oxford Human Rights Hub (OxHRH), an organisation that aims to bring together academics, practitioners, and policy-makers from across the globe to advance the understanding and protection of

human rights Human rights are universally recognized Morality, moral principles or Social norm, norms that establish standards of human behavior and are often protected by both Municipal law, national and international laws. These rights are considered ...

and

equality Equality generally refers to the fact of being equal, of having the same value. In specific contexts, equality may refer to: Society * Egalitarianism, a trend of thought that favors equality for all people ** Political egalitarianism, in which ...

Selected publications

*Fredman, Sandra (2018). ''Comparative Human Rights Law.'' Oxford:

Oxford University Press Oxford University Press (OUP) is the publishing house of the University of Oxford. It is the largest university press in the world. Its first book was printed in Oxford in 1478, with the Press officially granted the legal right to print books ...

. . *Fredman, Sandra; Campbell, Meghan; Taylor, Helen eds. (2018). ''Human Rights and Equality in Education: Comparative perspectives on the right to education for minorities and disadvantaged groups. Bristol:''

Policy Press The University of Bristol is a public research university in Bristol, England. It received its royal charter in 1909, although it can trace its roots to a Merchant Venturers' school founded in 1595 and University College, Bristol, which had b ...

. . * * * * * * *

References

External links

Sandra Fredman FBA, QC (hon) – Oxford Law Faculty
{{DEFAULTSORT:Fredman, Sandra Alumni of Wadham College, Oxford University of the Witwatersrand alumni Academics of King's College London Fellows of Exeter College, Oxford South African barristers Members of Gray's Inn Living people Year of birth missing (living people) Fellows of Pembroke College, Oxford Fellows of the British Academy South African emigrants to the United Kingdom People from Johannesburg South African Rhodes Scholars Honorary King's Counsel