Sander Rang or Paul Charles Leonard Alexander Rang (1793,

Utrecht Utrecht ( , , ) is the List of cities in the Netherlands by province, fourth-largest city and a List of municipalities of the Netherlands, municipality of the Netherlands, capital and most populous city of the Provinces of the Netherlands, pro ...

-1844,

Mayotte Mayotte (; french: Mayotte, ; Shimaore: ''Maore'', ; Kibushi: ''Maori'', ), officially the Department of Mayotte (french: Département de Mayotte), is an overseas department and region and single territorial collectivity of France. It is loc ...

) was a French conchologist and interpreter of Arabic texts. He was, in 1816, one of the survivors of the sinking of the frigate ''Medusa'', on which he was an

ensign An ensign is the national flag flown on a vessel to indicate nationality. The ensign is the largest flag, generally flown at the stern (rear) of the ship while in port. The naval ensign (also known as war ensign), used on warships, may be diffe ...

. He spent a good part of his life in

La Rochelle La Rochelle (, , ; Poitevin-Saintongeais: ''La Rochéle''; oc, La Rochèla ) is a city on the west coast of France and a seaport on the Bay of Biscay, a part of the Atlantic Ocean. It is the capital of the Charente-Maritime department. With ...

, where he published his early zoological observations, in particular in the bulletins of the Society of Natural Sciences of Charente-Maritimes.In 1841 Rang was one of the founding members of the Société des Amis des Arts now the Musée des Beaux-Arts de La Rochelle.He specialised in marine fauna notably in

sea hares The clade Anaspidea, commonly known as sea hares (''Aplysia'' species and related genera), are medium-sized to very large opisthobranch gastropod molluscs with a soft internal shell made of protein. These are marine gastropod molluscs in the s ...

, cephalopods and other molluscs and on the heterogenous group known as zoophytes. Sander Rang described many new mollusc species including the sea hares ''

Aplysia dactylomela ''Aplysia dactylomela'', the spotted sea hare, is a species of large sea slug, a marine opisthobranch gastropod in the family Aplysiidae, the sea hares. Distribution and taxonomy As traditionally defined, this species of sea hare was cosmopo ...

'', '' Dolabrifera dolabrifera'', the cuttlefish ''

Sepia hierredda ''Sepia hierredda'', the giant African cuttlefish, is a species of cuttlefish from the family Sepiidae, which was previously considered conspecific with the common cuttlefish ''Sepia officinalis''. It is found along the western coast of Africa a ...

'' and the land snails ''

Striosubulina striatella ''Striosubulina striatella'' is a species of small air-breathing land snail, a terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusk in the family Achatinidae. Distribution This species is native to tropical West Africa. It is introduced in the Mascarene ...

'', '' Pleurodonte desidens '' and ''

Opeas hannense ''Opeas hannense'', common name the dwarf awlsnail, is a species of air-breathing land snail, a terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusk in the family Achatinidae. Distribution Non-indigenous: * Great Britain Great Britain is an ...

''.

Biography

Sander Rang was born into a family of Protestant bourgeoisie (people with private wealth, an upper class social status, and its related culture) from

Vivarais Vivarais (; oc, Vivarés; la, Vivariensis provincia{{cite web , url=http://www.columbia.edu/acis/ets/Graesse/orblatv.html , title = ORBIS LATINUS - Letter V) is a traditional region in the south-east of France, covering the ''département'' of ...

. His grandfather was Alexandre Rang des Adrets (1722-1792) a pastor from Crest, in the

Drôme Drôme (; Occitan: ''Droma''; Arpitan: ''Drôma'') is the southernmost department in the Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes region of Southeastern France. Named after the river Drôme, it had a population of 516,762 as of 2019.

. His father, Jean-Alexandre Rang des Adrets (1757-1824) also a pastor, went into exile in Utrecht. Later he settled in La Rochelle. Sander Rang was born in Utrecht in 1793. He spent a good part of his life in La Rochelle.In 1816, aged 23, he enlisted on ''La Méduse'' a frigate ferrying French officials to the port of Saint-Louis, in Senegal. Ineptly commanded, ''La Méduse'' struck the Bank of Arguin off the coast of present-day Mauritania and became a total loss. Sander Rang was on the captain's boat and not on the ill-fated raft. His manuscript account of these events was published in 1946. By then a Chevalier de la

Légion d'Honneur The National Order of the Legion of Honour (french: Ordre national de la Légion d'honneur), formerly the Royal Order of the Legion of Honour ('), is the highest French order of merit, both military and civil. Established in 1802 by Napoleon ...

, he married Perrine Esther Agathe Louise Cassen-Vaucorbeil (26 August 1805, Saint-Malo - 9 June 1884, La Rochelle) at Île-de-France in 1827. She was a painter taught by

Eugène Delacroix Ferdinand Victor Eugène Delacroix ( , ; 26 April 1798 – 13 August 1863) was a French Romantic artist regarded from the outset of his career as the leader of the French Romantic school.Noon, Patrick, et al., ''Crossing the Channel: Britis ...

and the couple participated in all the cultural activities of La Rochelle. On 4 October 1829 he left the naval port of

Toulon Toulon (, , ; oc, label= Provençal, Tolon , , ) is a city on the French Riviera and a large port on the Mediterranean coast, with a major naval base. Located in the Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur region, and the Provence province, Toulon is th ...

commanding the naval

brig A brig is a type of sailing vessel defined by its rig: two masts which are both square rig, square-rigged. Brigs originated in the second half of the 18th century and were a common type of smaller merchant vessel or warship from then until the ...

(brick de L'Etat) ''La Champenoise'' embarked for first Almeria, then

Gorée (; "Gorée Island"; Wolof: Beer Dun) is one of the 19 (i.e. districts) of the city of Dakar, Senegal. It is an island located at sea from the main harbour of Dakar (), famous as a destination for people interested in the Atlantic slave trad ...

and the

Senegal Senegal,; Wolof: ''Senegaal''; Pulaar: 𞤅𞤫𞤲𞤫𞤺𞤢𞥄𞤤𞤭 (Senegaali); Arabic: السنغال ''As-Sinighal'') officially the Republic of Senegal,; Wolof: ''Réewum Senegaal''; Pulaar : 𞤈𞤫𞤲𞤣𞤢𞥄𞤲𞤣𞤭 � ...

coast then Ile de prince then to

Brasil Brazil ( pt, Brasil; ), officially the Federative Republic of Brazil (Portuguese: ), is the largest country in both South America and Latin America. At and with over 217 million people, Brazil is the world's fifth-largest country by area an ...

. At the time such voyages were a part of the expansion of the French colonial empire but Rang's naval duties allowed sufficient time to collect molluscs. Promoted to the rank of Captain 1st Class of corvette, he left La Rochelle and became captain of the port of

Algiers Algiers ( ; ar, الجزائر, al-Jazāʾir; ber, Dzayer, script=Latn; french: Alger, ) is the capital and largest city of Algeria. The city's population at the 2008 Census was 2,988,145Census 14 April 2008: Office National des Statistiques ...

in 1834. In 1837 he has the rank Officieur superiéure au Corps royal de la Marines and he was appointed administrator (superior commander) of

in 1842. He died of a fever. His wife married a banker in La Rochelle, Théophile Babut a year later.

Societies

*Society of Natural Sciences of Charente-Maritimes *Corresponding Member Société d'Histoire Naturelle de Paris from 1825 *Société linnéenne de Bordeaux

Publications

partial list *M. Rang, 1825 Description d’un genre nouveau de la classe des Ptéropodes et de deux espèces nouvelles du genre ''Clio'' ''Annales des sciences naturelles'', Paris, Éd. Béchet jeune, vol. 5, 1825, p. 283-28
online BNF
*Alexandre Rang and

Charles des Moulins Charles Des Moulins, full name Charles Robert Alexandre Des Moulins (13 March 1798 – 23 December 1875) was a French naturalist, a botanist and malacologist. He was a member of several learned societies, including the American Philosophical ...

, 1828 ''Description de trois genres nouveaux de coquilles fossiles du terrain tertiaire de Bordeaux, savoir : Spiricella, Gratelupia et Jouannetia'' (avec la collab. de Charles Des Moulins), Bordeaux, Impr. de R. Laguillotière, 1828, 31 p
online
— Extrait du ''Bulletin d’histoire naturelle de la Société linnéenne de Bordeaux'', tome 2, 6e livraison, 23 décembre 1828. *M. Rang, 1827 Description d’une espèce d’Hyale à l’état fossile '' Mémoires de la Société d’histoire naturelle de Paris'', Paris, Éd. Baudouin frères, vol. 3, 1827, p. 382-38
online
*M Rang, 1827 Observations sur le genre ''Atlante'' '' Mémoires de la Société d’histoire naturelle de Paris'', Paris, Éd. Baudouin frères, vol. 3, 1827, p. 372-38

* 1827 with

André Étienne d'Audebert de Férussac Baron André Étienne Justin Pascal Joseph François d'Audebert de Férussac (30 December 1786 – 21 January 1836) was a French naturalist best known for his studies of molluscs. (Two of his given names are sometimes spelt Just or Juste instead o ...

. Catalogue des espèces de mollusques terrestres et fluviatiles, recueillis par M. Rang, offic. de la marine roy., dans un voyage aux grandes Indes. ''Bulletin des Sciences Naturelles et de Géologie, deuxième Section du Bulletin Universel des Sciences et de l'Industrie'' 10 (200): 298-307. 182
online AnimalBaseonline BHL
*M. Sander Rang, 1828 ''Histoire naturelle des Aplysiens : première famille de l'ordre des tectibranches'' De L'imprimerie de Firmin Didot, 1828.Illustrations by Perrine Louise Ran
online
*M. Rang, 1828 Établissement de la famille des Béroïdes dans l’ordre des Acalèphes libres, et description de deux genres nouveaux qui lui appartiennent ''Mémoires de la Société d’histoire naturelle de Paris'', Paris, Éd. Baudouin frères, vol. 4, 1828, p. 166-173
online
*M Rang, 1828 Notice sur quelques mollusques nouveaux appartenant au genre Cléodore, et établissement et monographie du sous-genre Creseis ''Annales des sciences naturelles'' Paris, Éd. Crochard, vol. 13, 1828, p. 302-31
online BNF
*Rang, Sander. 1829. ''Manuel de l'histoire naturelle des mollusques et de leurs coquilles : ayant pour base de classification celle de M. le baron Cuvier''. Paris.

n French N, or n, is the fourteenth letter in the Latin alphabet, used in the modern English alphabet, the alphabets of other western European languages and others worldwide. Its name in English is ''en'' (pronounced ), plural ''ens''. History ...

br>online
plates 1843 see below. *M. Rang, 1829 Description de cinq espèces de coquilles fossiles appartenant à la classe des Ptéropodes, ''Annales des sciences naturelles'', Paris, Éd. Crochard, vol. 16, 1829, p. 492-49
online
*M. Rang, 1829 Notice sur le ''Litiope'', nouveau genre de mollusque gastéropode ''Annales des sciences naturelles'', Paris, Éd. Crochard, vol. 16, 1829, p. 303-30
online
*M Rang, 1829 Observations de M. Rang sur une espèce nouvelle de Carinaire, ''Annales des sciences naturelles'', Paris, Éd. Crochard, vol. 16, 1829, p. 136-14
online
*M Rang, 1830 Note sur le ''Ropan'' d’ Adanson et quelques autres observations sur les mollusques ''Annales des sciences naturelles'' Paris, Éd. Crochard, vol. 21, 1830, p. 352 (chiffrée par erreur 351
online
*M. Rang, 1831 Description des coquilles terrestres recueillies pendant un voyage à la côte occidentale d’Afrique, et au Brésil, ''Annales des sciences naturelles'', Paris, Éd. Crochard, vol. 24, 1831, p. 5-63
online
* M. Rang, 1831-1843 ''Magasin de zoologie'' (publié par

Félix Édouard Guérin-Méneville Félix Édouard Guérin-Méneville, also known as F. E. Guerin, (12 October 1799, in Toulon – 26 January 1874, in Paris) was a French entomologist. Life and work Guérin-Méneville changed his surname from Guérin in 1836. He was the author of ...

), Paris, Éd. Lequien puis Arthus Bertrand, 1831-1845, in-8° Numerous contributions by Sander Rang in this periodical which became, in 1839 : ''Magasin de zoologie, d’anatomie comparée et de palæontologie'
online at Gallica
*M Rang, 1832 Notice sur la Galathée, genre de mollusque acéphale de la famille des Conchacées Annales des sciences naturelles, Paris, Éd. Crochard, vol. 25, 1832, p. 152-16
online
*R. Rang, 1833 ''Dictionnaire pittoresque d’histoire naturelle et des phénomènes de la nature, contenant l’histoire des animaux, des végétaux, des minéraux''(publié sous la dir. de Félix Guérin-Méneville, Paris, au Bureau de souscription, 1833-1839, 12 vol. grd in-8�
online
�� Les planches occupent trois vol. Sander Rang a fourni plusieurs contributions à ce dictionnaire. Elles sont signées de l’initiale R. *MM.Rang and Cailliaud, 1834 Mémoire sur le genre Éthérie et description de son animal (avec la collab. de Caillaud), 1834, 16 p
online
— Extrait des ''Nouvelles Annales du Muséum d’histoire naturelle'', t. 3, p. 128 et suivantes. *M. Rang, 1834 Mémoire sur le genre ''Gnatodon'' et description de son animal, Paris, Impr. de Jules Didot l’aîné,

834 __NOTOC__ Year 834 ( DCCCXXXIV) was a common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. Events By place Europe * March 1 – Emperor Louis the Pious is restored as sole ruler of the Fr ...

13 p., in-8° —'' Extrait des Nouvelles Annales du Muséum d’histoire naturelle'', tome 3, p. 217 et suivante
online
*M. Rang, 1835 Mémoire sur quelques Acéphales d’eau douce du Sénégal, pour servir à la malacologie de l’Afrique occidentale », Nouvelles annales du Muséum d’histoire naturelle, Paris, Libr. encyclopédique de Roret, vol. 4, 1835, p. 297-32
online
*M. Rang, 1837 Documents pour servir à l’histoire naturelle des Céphalopodes cryptodibranches, ''Magasin de zoologie'', Paris, Éd. Lequien fils, vol. 7, 1837, p. 5-7
online
*Sandar Rang and Ferdinand Denis, 1837 Fondation de la Régence d’Alger : histoire des

Barberousse ''Barberousse'' is a 1917 silent French film directed by Abel Gance. Cast * Léon Mathot as Trively * Émile Keppens as Gesmus * Maud Richard as Odette Trively * Germaine Pelisse as Pauline * Yvonne Briey * Henri Maillard * Doriani * Pau ...

, chronique arabe du XVIe siècle… (avec la collab. de Ferdinand Denis), Paris, J. Angé, 1837, 2 vol. in-8° (lire en ligne rchive DF. — Rééd. : Id., Tunis, Bouslama, 1984; Fondation de la régence d’Alger : histoire des frères Barberousse, Alger, Éd. Grand-Alger-Livres, 200
Online Volume 1Online Volume 2
*1843 Atlas des mollusques composé de 51 planches représentant la plupart des mollusques nus et des coquilles décrits dans le Manuel d’histoire naturelle, Paris, Éd. Roret,

843 __NOTOC__ Year 843 ( DCCCXLIII) was a common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. Events By place Europe * August – Treaty of Verdun: The Frankish Empire is divided into three k ...

16 p., in-1
online
text Rang, Sander, 1829 above *Rang, P. C. A. L., 1852 ''Histoire naturelle des mollusques ptéropodes : monographie comprenant la description de toutes les espèces de ce groupe de mollusques (avec la collab. de Louis François Auguste Souleyet)'', Paris, Éd. J.-B. Baillière, 1852, IV-88 p., grd in-4�
onlineonline (plates)
*''Port d’Alger : projet Rang, du 5 avril 1840'', Paris, Impr. de H. Fournier, 1842, 8 p., in-4°. (see Sander Rang, Victor Poirel, Antoine Dominique Raffeneau de Lile et al, 1842) *1842 ''Précis analytique de l’histoire d’Alger sous l’occupation turque, dans Ministère de la Guerre, Tableau de la situation des établissements français dans l’Algérie en 1841'', Paris, Impr. royale, décembre 1842, 445 p., in-4°
online
*Sander Rang, Victor Poirel, Antoine Dominique Raffeneau de Lile et al., 1842 ''Projets divers pour le port d’Alger'',

842 __NOTOC__ Year 842 ( DCCCXLII) was a common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. Events By place Byzantine Empire * January 20 – Emperor Theophilos dies of dysentery at Constantin ...

1 feuille 86,5 x 71,5 c
online at Gallica
— Cette feuille regroupe 9 plans différents dont celui de Sander Rang. *1946 ic''Voyage au Sénégal; Naufrage de La Méduse'' (ill. Philippe Ledoux), Paris, Éd. E.P.I., 1946, 121 p., in-8°. — Repris dans les recueils suivants : Relation complète du naufrage de la frégate La Méduse, faisant partie de l’expédition du Sénégal en 1816, Paris, Éd. J. de Bonnot, 1968, 419 p., in-8°; Les Naufragés : témoignages vécus, XVIIe-XXe siècle (présentation Dominique Le Brun), Paris, Éd. Omnibus, 2014, 906 p., in-8° ().

Taxa named and described by Rang

*'' Cavolinia uncinata'' (Rang, 1829) – Uncinate Cavoline *'' Cuvierina columnella, Cuvierina (Cuvierina) columnella'' (Rang, 1827) *'' Cuvierina (Cuvierina) astesana'' (Rang, 1829) – (Pliocene) *''

Creseis ''Creseis'' is a genus of gastropods belonging to the family Creseidae. The genus has cosmopolitan distribution. Species: *'' Creseis acicula'' *'' Creseis antoni'' *'' Creseis aquensis'' *'' Creseis berthae'' *'' Creseis conica'' *'' Cre ...

'' Rang, 1828 Genus *''

Creseis clava ''Creseis'' is a genus of gastropods belonging to the family Creseidae. The genus has cosmopolitan distribution. Species: *''Creseis acicula'' *''Creseis antoni'' *''Creseis aquensis'' *''Creseis berthae'' *''Creseis conica'' *''Creseis co ...

'' (Rang, 1828) (synonym: ''Creseis acicula'' (Rang, 1828) *'' Creseis virgula'' (Rang, 1828) *'' Creseis spinifera'' Rang, 1828) synonym of '' Styliola subula'' ( Quoy &

Gaimard Joseph Paul Gaimard (31 January 1793 – 10 December 1858) was a French naval surgeon and naturalist. Biography Gaimard was born at Saint-Zacharie on January 31, 1793. He studied medicine at the naval medical school in Toulon, subsequent ...

, 1827) and Genus ''

Styliola ''Styliola'' is a genus of gastropods belonging to the family Creseidae. The genus has cosmopolitan distribution. Species: *''Styliola lamberti'' *''Styliola schembriorum'' *''Styliola sinecosta'' *''Styliola subula'' References

{{Ta ...

'' Gray, 1850 *'' Dolabrifera dolabrifera'' (Rang, 1828) *''

Melibe ''Melibe'' is a genus of sea slugs, nudibranchs, marine gastropod mollusks in the family Tethydidae. Most nudibranchs are carnivores, but their prey is usually sessile or slow-moving animals such as sponges or bryozoans. In contrast, ''Melibe ...

'' Rang, 1829 Genus *'' Melibe rosea'' Rang, 1829 *''

'' (Rang, 1828) *'' Aplysia brasiliana'' Rang, 1828 synonym of '' Aplysia fasciata'' Poiret, 1789 -the sooty sea hare *'' Aplysia keraudreni'' Rang, 1828 *'' Aplysia maculata'' Rang, 1828 *'' Aplysia protea'' Rang, 1828 *''

Plakobranchidae Plakobranchidae is a family of sea slugs, marine opisthobranch gastropod mollusks in the superfamily Plakobranchoidea. They superficially resemble nudibranchs but they are sacoglossans, members of the clade Sacoglossa within the Opisthobranchia ...

'' Rang, 1829 *'' Notarchus pleii'' (Rang, 1828): synonym of '' Bursatella leachii'' ''pleii'' Rang, 1828 *'' Petalifera petalifera'' Rang, 1828 *''

Litiopa melanostoma ''Litiopa melanostoma'', common name the brown Sargassum shell, is a species of very small sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk or micromollusk in the family Litiopidae. Distribution This species occurs in the Gulf of Mexico, the Caribbean Se ...

'' (Rang, 1829) *''

Litiopa ''Litiopa'' is a genus of sea snails, marine gastropod mollusks in the family Litiopidae. Species Species within the genus ''Litiopa'' include: * ''Litiopa melanostoma ''Litiopa melanostoma'', common name the brown Sargassum shell, is a s ...

'' Rang, 1829 - the type genus of the family Litiopidae *'' Subulina striatella'' (Rang, 1831): synonym of ''

'' (Rang, 1831) *''

Sepioteuthis biangutata The Caribbean reef squid (''Sepioteuthis sepioidea''), commonly called the reef squid, is a species of small, torpedo-shaped squid with undulating fins that extend nearly the entire length of the body, approximately in length. In 2001, marine b ...

'' Rang, 1837 synonym of ''

Sepioteuthis sepioidea The Caribbean reef squid (''Sepioteuthis sepioidea''), commonly called the reef squid, is a species of small, torpedo-shaped squid with undulating fins that extend nearly the entire length of the body, approximately in length. In 2001, marine b ...

'' *''

'' (Rang, 1831) *'' Subulina striatella'' (Rang, 1831) *''

Pleurodonte desidens †''Pleurodonte desidens'' was a species of air-breathing land snail, a terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusk in the family Pleurodontidae. This species was endemic to Martinique. It is now extinct Extinction is the termination of a kin ...

'' (Rang, 1834) - was endemic to Martinique *'' Marginella helmatina'' (Rang, 1829) *''

'' Rang in Férussac &

d'Orbigny Alcide Charles Victor Marie Dessalines d'Orbigny (6 September 1802 – 30 June 1857) was a French naturalist who made major contributions in many areas, including zoology (including malacology), palaeontology, geology, archaeology and anthrop ...

, 1835 -the giant African cuttlefish *'' Aclesia'' Rang, 1828: Genus synonym of '' Bursatella'' Blainville, 1817 -the shaggy sea hare *'' Bulla viridis'' Rang in Quoy & Gaimard, 1832 Type species of '' Smaragdinella'' A. Adams, 1848 *''

Pleurobranchus reticulatus ''Pleurobranchus'' is a genus of sea slugs, specifically side-gill slugs, marine gastropod mollusc in the family Pleurobranchidae. They typically occur in intertidal and shallow subtidal waters of tropical and subtropical seas worldwide. ...

'' Rang, 1832 - a sea slug *''

Hydromyles globulosus ''Hydromyles globulosus'' is the only species of sea slug in the family Hydromylidae. It is commonly found in the Indo-Pacific Ocean. The species is pelagic, carnivorous and viviparous. They are unique among sea angels in that they brood their ...

'' (Rang, 1825) - a sea slug *'' Fulmentum sepimentum'' (Rang, 1832) a sea snail *''

Hyalimax mauritianus ''Hyalimax'' is a genus of small, air-breathing, land slugs, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod molluscs in the family Succineidae, the amber snails. This genus has no external shell, but it has an almost flat internal shell plate. Species Speci ...

'' Rang, 1827 - a land slug from Mauritius. *'' Pterosomatidae'' Rang, 1829 synonym of Carinariinae Blainville, 1818 *'' Venus rosalina'' Rang, 1802- a marine bivalve *'' Megalobulimus granulosus'' (Rang, 1831) - a land snail from Brazil *'' Loligo vitreus'' Rang, 1835 in Férussac &

D'Orbigny Alcide Charles Victor Marie Dessalines d'Orbigny (6 September 1802 – 30 June 1857) was a French naturalist who made major contributions in many areas, including zoology (including malacology), palaeontology, geology, archaeology and anthrop ...

, 1834-1848 synonym of ''

Ommastrephes bartramii The neon flying squid (''Ommastrephes bartramii''), sometimes called the red flying squid, akaika, and red squid is a species of large flying squid in the family Ommastrephidae. They are found in subtropical and temperate oceanic waters globa ...

'' (Lesueur, 1821)

Taxa named for Rang

*'' Rangia'',

Desmoulins Lucie-Simplice-Camille-Benoît Desmoulins (; 2 March 17605 April 1794) was a French journalist and politician who played an important role in the French Revolution. Desmoulins was tried and executed alongside Georges Danton when the Committee of ...

, 1832 *'' Holopus rangi''

, 1837.

References

*Pierre Moisy, 1974 Sander Rang or the learned adventurer ''Revue de Saintonge et d'Aunis, Saintes, Society of Historical Archives of Saintonge and Aunis'', vol. 48, n o 9,1974, p. 223-232. *Coan, E. V. & Kabat, A. R. 2018. ''2,400 Years of Malacology''. 15th ed., February 11, 2018, 1,594 pp. + 109 pp. nnex 1 – Book Collations+ 65 pp. nnex 2 – Küster Collation 51 pp. nnex 3 – Journal Collations American Malacological Societ

*Françoise Legré-Zaidline, 2006 ''Émois romantiques à La Rochelle ou les Passions de Louise la portraitiste et de Sander le marin, Paris, Le Croît'' vif, coll. Témoignages, 2006, 309 p., in-8° .
Petymol
*Orbigny A d' (1837) Mémoire sur une seconde espèce vivante de la familie des Crinoïdes ou Encrines, servant de type au nouveau genre Holope (Holopus). ''Magasin de Zoologie'', 7ème année, 10:1–8, pl. 3. *

Georges Cuvier Jean Léopold Nicolas Frédéric, Baron Cuvier (; 23 August 1769 – 13 May 1832), known as Georges Cuvier, was a French natural history, naturalist and zoology, zoologist, sometimes referred to as the "founding father of paleontology". Cuvier ...

, 182
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on Rang's Monograph ''Histoire naturelle des Aplysiens {{DEFAULTSORT:Rang, Sander French malacologists 1844 deaths 1793 births