, temple name = , house = , house-type = , father = Abdsamiya , mother = , religion = , occupation = , signature_type = , signature = , module = Sanatruq II (

Hatran Aramaic Aramaic of Hatra, Hatran Aramaic or Ashurian ( ') designates a Middle Aramaic dialect, that was used in the region of Hatra and Assur in northeastern parts of Mesopotamia (modern Iraq), approximately from the 3rd century BC to the 3rd century ...

: 𐣮𐣭𐣨𐣣𐣥𐣲 snṭrwq) was the last king of

Hatra Hatra ( ar, الحضر; syr, ‎ܚܛܪܐ) was an ancient city in Upper Mesopotamia located in present-day eastern Nineveh Governorate in northern Iraq. The city lies northwest of Baghdad and southwest of Mosul. Hatra was a strongly fortified ...

(an ancient city in nowadays

Iraq Iraq,; ku, عێراق, translit=Êraq officially the Republic of Iraq, '; ku, کۆماری عێراق, translit=Komarî Êraq is a country in Western Asia. It is bordered by Turkey to Iraq–Turkey border, the north, Iran to Iran–Iraq ...

), ruling from about AD 205 to 240/41. He was the son of king Abdsamiya and is attested by nine inscriptions discovered at Hatra. Only two of these inscription bear year datings, both are hard to read.(perhaps 231 and 237/38) Sanatruq II appears in Syrian sources as Sanatru and in Arab sources as Daizian and Satirun. One of his inscriptions was found on a statue showing him standing. His wife was perhaps Abbu. There are two sons known. Abdsamiya was named after his grandfather. He was his heir. Another son, Mana is attested in year 235 and seems to have had ''Arabia of Wal'' under his control. This is a region southeast of

Edessa Edessa (; grc, Ἔδεσσα, Édessa) was an ancient city (''polis'') in Upper Mesopotamia, founded during the Hellenistic period by King Seleucus I Nicator (), founder of the Seleucid Empire. It later became capital of the Kingdom of Osroene ...

. From the latter evidence it seems that Sanatruq II expanded his territory. The daughter Duspari is known from a statue, dated to year 549 (= AD 238). A second statue belongs to her daughter Samay. Under Sanatruq II Hatra became a vassal of the Romans. Around AD 226/227 the

Sassanian The Sasanian () or Sassanid Empire, officially known as the Empire of Iranians (, ) and also referred to by historians as the Neo-Persian Empire, was the last Iranian empire before the early Muslim conquests of the 7th-8th centuries AD. Named ...

s attacked the city without success, but was finally conquered and destroyed by the Sassanians, perhaps around AD 240/41.Hatra, on Iranica.com
/ref>

Literature

*Michael Sommer: ''Hatra. Geschichte und Kultur einer Karawanenstadt im römisch-parthischen Mesopotamien.'' von Zabern, Mainz 2003, , p. 24. *

Maurice Sartre Maurice Sartre (born 3 October 1944) is a French historian, an Emeritus professor of ancient history at the François Rabelais University, a specialist in ancient Greek and Eastern Roman history, especially the Hellenized Middle East, from Alexand ...

: ''The Middle East under the Romans'', 2005 {{ISBN, 978-0-674-01683-5, p. 346

References

3rd-century Arabs Hatra 3rd-century monarchs in the Middle East 240s deaths People of the Roman–Sasanian Wars Vassal rulers of the Parthian Empire

See also

Literature

References