Samuel Kleinschmidt on:
[Wikipedia]
[Google]
[Amazon]
Samuel Petrus Kleinschmidt (27 February 1814–9 February 1886) was a German/
He was born in the rectory of ''Lichtenau'' in southern Greenland (today, Alluitsoq) to a couple of Moravian missionaries, Johann Konrad Kleinschmidt (1768 – 1832) from 
He already finished his grammar of Greenlandic in 1845 and sent it to printing at the University of Berlin but it was not be published until 1851. It was exceptional because it did not use the traditional scheme of the Latin grammar to describe its subject, but rather devised a new scheme more suited for the Greenlandic language. This grammar was also the first work to employ the orthography which became the standard in writing Greenlandic until the reform of 1973. In 1859 he left the Moravian church to join the
runeberg.org *
''Kleinschmidt''
runeberg.org {{DEFAULTSORT:Kleinschmidt, Samuel 1812 births 1886 deaths Moravian Church missionaries Danish Protestant missionaries Protestant missionaries in Greenland Greenlandic Moravian clergy Greenlandic people of German descent 19th-century Lutheran clergy Linguists from Denmark Linguists from Germany Missionary linguists German Protestant missionaries Greenlandic Protestant missionaries Linguists of Eskaleut languages
Samuel Petrus Kleinschmidt (27 February 1814–9 February 1886) was a German/Danish
Danish may refer to:
* Something of, from, or related to the country of Denmark
People
* A national or citizen of Denmark, also called a "Dane," see Demographics of Denmark
* Culture of Denmark
* Danish people or Danes, people with a Danish a ...
missionary linguist
Linguistics is the scientific study of human language. It is called a scientific study because it entails a comprehensive, systematic, objective, and precise analysis of all aspects of language, particularly its nature and structure. Linguis ...
born in Greenland
Greenland ( kl, Kalaallit Nunaat, ; da, Grønland, ) is an island country in North America that is part of the Kingdom of Denmark. It is located between the Arctic and Atlantic oceans, east of the Canadian Arctic Archipelago. Greenland i ...
known for having written extensively about the Greenlandic language and having invented the orthography used for writing this language from 1851 to 1973. He also translated parts of the Bible into Greenlandic.
Life
He was born in the rectory of ''Lichtenau'' in southern Greenland (today, Alluitsoq) to a couple of Moravian missionaries, Johann Konrad Kleinschmidt (1768 – 1832) from Oberdorla
Oberdorla is a village and a former municipality in the Unstrut-Hainich-Kreis district of Thuringia, Germany
Germany,, officially the Federal Republic of Germany, is a country in Central Europe. It is the second most populous countr ...
in Thuringia
Thuringia (; german: Thüringen ), officially the Free State of Thuringia ( ), is a state of central Germany, covering , the sixth smallest of the sixteen German states. It has a population of about 2.1 million.
Erfurt is the capital and lar ...
, Germany and Christina Petersen (1780-1853) from ''Trudsø'', now a part of Struer, Denmark. As a youth he went to school in Kleinwelke, Saxony
Saxony (german: Sachsen ; Upper Saxon: ''Saggsn''; hsb, Sakska), officially the Free State of Saxony (german: Freistaat Sachsen, links=no ; Upper Saxon: ''Freischdaad Saggsn''; hsb, Swobodny stat Sakska, links=no), is a landlocked state of ...
in Germany and subsequently for an apprenticeship to a pharmacy in Zeist
Zeist () is the capital and largest town of the municipality of Zeist. The town is located in the Utrecht province of the Netherlands, east of the city of Utrecht.
History
The town of "Seist" was first mentioned in a charter in the year 8 ...
, Holland studying during that period Latin, Greek, and Hebrew, as well as Dutch, French, and English, all the while retaining his childhood languages, Danish, German, and Greenlandic. In 1837 he went to Christiansfeld
Christiansfeld, with a population of 2,977 (1 January 2022), is a town in Kolding Municipality in Southern Jutland in Region of Southern Denmark. The town was founded in 1773 by the Moravian Church and named after the Danish king Christian VII. ...
in Denmark working there for a couple of years as a teacher. Subsequently he returned to Greenland in 1841. After two years he held his first sermon in Greenlandic, speaking it fluently and plainly rather than using old worn out idioms of the previous ministers. From 1846 to 1848 he worked as a teacher in ''Lichtenfels'' (present-day: Akunnat), subsequently moving to ''Neu-Herrnhut
Old Nuuk may refer to several neighborhoods of Nuuk, the capital of Greenland.
The Lutheran mission was originally based on Hope Island at the head of the fjord but was moved to the mainland and christened Godthaab by the royal governor Claus Paa ...
'' (Old Nuuk
Nuuk (; da, Nuuk, formerly ) is the capital and largest city of Greenland, a constituent country of the Kingdom of Denmark. Nuuk is the seat of government and the country's largest cultural and economic centre. The major cities from other coun ...
).
He already finished his grammar of Greenlandic in 1845 and sent it to printing at the University of Berlin but it was not be published until 1851. It was exceptional because it did not use the traditional scheme of the Latin grammar to describe its subject, but rather devised a new scheme more suited for the Greenlandic language. This grammar was also the first work to employ the orthography which became the standard in writing Greenlandic until the reform of 1973. In 1859 he left the Moravian church to join the Church of Denmark
The Evangelical-Lutheran Church in Denmark or National Church, sometimes called the Church of Denmark ( da, Folkekirken, literally: "The People's Church" or unofficially da, Den danske folkekirke, literally: "The Danish People's Church"; kl, ...
. Most of his time in Greenland he served as a teacher rather than as a priest. He also translated the better part of the Bible into Greenlandic. He died in 1886 at 72 years of age in ''Neu-Herrnhut'' (present-day ''Noorliit'', a part of Nuuk), having spent 54 of them in Greenland.
Works
* 1968 (1851): ''Grammatik der grönländischen Sprache : mit teilweisem Einschluss des Labradordialekts''. Hildesheim: Olms. * 1858: ''Nunalerutit, imáipoĸ: silap píssusianik inuinigdlo ilíkarsautíngui (Geography: A little book about the world and mankind)''. Godthåb/Nuuk: nûngme. * 1871: ''Den grønlandske ordbog / omarbeidet af Sam. Kleinschmidt ; udgiven paa foranstaltning af Ministeriet for Kirke- og Underviisningsvæsenet og meddet kongelige danske Videnskabernes Selskabs understøttelse ved H.F. Jørgensen''. Kjøbenhavn:L. Kleins bogtrykkeri.References
Further reading
* * * * * *External links
* Dansk biografisk leksikonbr>''Kleinschmidt, Samuel Petrus''runeberg.org *
Salmonsens konversationsleksikon
''Salmonsens Konversationsleksikon'' is a Danish encyclopedia that has been published in several editions.
The first edition, ''Salmonsens Store Illustrerede Konversationsleksikon'' was published in nineteen volumes 1893–1911 by Brødrene Sa ...
''Kleinschmidt''
runeberg.org {{DEFAULTSORT:Kleinschmidt, Samuel 1812 births 1886 deaths Moravian Church missionaries Danish Protestant missionaries Protestant missionaries in Greenland Greenlandic Moravian clergy Greenlandic people of German descent 19th-century Lutheran clergy Linguists from Denmark Linguists from Germany Missionary linguists German Protestant missionaries Greenlandic Protestant missionaries Linguists of Eskaleut languages