Samuel Israel Mulder (born

Amsterdam Amsterdam ( , , , lit. ''The Dam on the River Amstel'') is the Capital of the Netherlands, capital and Municipalities of the Netherlands, most populous city of the Netherlands, with The Hague being the seat of government. It has a population ...

20 June 1792; died there 29 December 1862) was a Dutch-Jewish educationalist. He was educated by his father and by

David Friedrichsfeld David Friedrichsfeld (c. 1755 – 19 February 1810) was a German-Jewish writer in German and Hebrew. Friedrichsfeld was born in Berlin, where he absorbed the scholarship and ideas of the Meassefim. In 1781 he went to Amsterdam, where he was o ...

, and then studied with his brother-in-law H. A. Wagenaar. His friends were Lemans, Somerhausen, and Ullman, all of them members of the circle Tongeleth, who applied themselves to the study of the Hebrew language. Mulder composed at this time a Hebrew romance, "Beruria," and a psalm (see Delitzsch, "Zur Geschichte der Jüdischen Poesie," Leipzig, 1836). Mulder was also a member of ''Tot Nut en Beschaving'', in the works of which many of his essays appeared. In 1812 Mulder became a Sabbath-school teacher; in 1817, a sworn translator at the tribunal; in 1835, inspector of religious schools; and in 1849, secretary of the Amsterdam congregation. From 1826 Mulder was regent (director) of the theological seminary Sa'adat Baḥurim, which was reformed by him and which became in 1836 an institution subsidized by the state. Mulder was nominated its regent-secretary for life. Mulder's reputation is chiefly due to his translation of the Bible, especially of the ''

Pentateuch The Torah (; hbo, ''Tōrā'', "Instruction", "Teaching" or "Law") is the compilation of the first five books of the Hebrew Bible, namely the books of Genesis, Exodus, Leviticus, Numbers and Deuteronomy. In that sense, Torah means the sa ...

'', ''

Psalms The Book of Psalms ( or ; he, תְּהִלִּים, , lit. "praises"), also known as the Psalms, or the Psalter, is the first book of the ("Writings"), the third section of the Tanakh, and a book of the Old Testament. The title is derived ...

'', and ''

Book of Proverbs The Book of Proverbs ( he, מִשְלֵי, , "Proverbs (of Solomon)") is a book in the third section (called Ketuvim) of the Hebrew Bible and a book of the Christian Old Testament. When translated into Greek and Latin, the title took on different ...

'', that was first published in 1824 and has often been reprinted; it was the first translation into Dutch from the Hebrew. In collaboration with Lehmans he published (1825–31) the dictionary entitled "Nederlandsch-Hebreeuwsch Handwoordenboek" (2 vols.). In 1843 he began his "Bijbel voor de Israelietische Jeugd", which he finished in 1854 (17 vols.; translated into English by Perez of Philadelphia). In addition he published many books on the study of Hebrew, e.g.: "Chronologisch Handboekje," 1836; "Rudimenta" (a revision of Lehman), 1840; "Aardrijkskunde van het Heilig. Land," 1840; "Leesboekje," 1846; "Moreh Derek," 1861. Most of his essays and contributions to periodicals he collected in his "Verspreide Lettervruchten", 1844. In 1843 the

University of Giessen University of Giessen, official name Justus Liebig University Giessen (german: Justus-Liebig-Universität Gießen), is a large public research university in Giessen, Hesse, Germany. It is named after its most famous faculty member, Justus von L ...

conferred upon Mulder the degree of Ph.D., and in 1860 he was decorated with the

Order of the Netherlands Lion The Order of the Netherlands Lion, also known as the Order of the Lion of the Netherlands ( nl, De Orde van de Nederlandse Leeuw, french: L'Ordre du Lion Néerlandais) is a Dutch order of chivalry founded by King William I of the Netherlands on ...

References

*Recensent der Recensenten, 1826, No. 5 *J. J. Belinfante, in Nederlandsche Spectator, 1863, Nos. 7, 8 *E. B. Asscher, Levenschets van S. I. Mulder, Amsterdam, 1863 *Koenen, Geschiedenis, p. 396 *Jaarboeken, 1835, iv. 3-8; 1836, p. 353 *Jaarboekje, 1863

External links

* * Ziva Shamir
Influence of Racine on 19th Century Hebrew Dramatic PoetryHebrew Literature Research Sitewww.zivashamir.com
{{DEFAULTSORT:Mulder, Samuel Israel 1792 births 1862 deaths 19th-century Dutch people 19th-century Jewish biblical scholars People from Amsterdam University of Giessen alumni Dutch Jews Jewish translators of the Bible 19th-century translators