Samuel Goodenough ( – 12 August 1827) was the
Bishop of Carlisle
The Bishop of Carlisle is the Ordinary of the Church of England Diocese of Carlisle in the Province of York.
The diocese covers the county of Cumbria except for Alston Moor and the former Sedbergh Rural District. The see is in the city of Car ...
from 1808 until his death in 1827, and an amateur botanist and collector. He is honoured in the scientific names of the plant genus ''
Goodenia
''Goodenia'' is a genus of about two hundred species of flowering plants in the family Goodeniaceae. Plants in this genus are Herbaceous plant, herbs or shrubs, mostly Endemism, endemic to Australia. The leaves are variably-shaped, the flowers ar ...
'' and the
red-capped robin
The red-capped robin (''Petroica goodenovii'') is a small passerine bird native to Australia. Found in drier regions across much of the continent, it inhabits scrub and open woodland. Like many brightly coloured robins of the family Petroici ...
(''Petroica goodenovii''). In addition, William Kirby's 1802 book on the bees of Engand
Monographia Apum Anglia, page 182, mentions, in Latin, that the cuckoo bee ''Nomada goodeniana'' (Gooden's Nomad Bee) is named after Goodenough with the following words:
''A viro Reverendo'' S. Goodenough, LL. D. Canonico Windsoriensi, ''Botanico summo tum et in Entomologia lynceo, nomen suum haec Apis mutuatur.''
Life
Born at
Kimpton, near
Weyhill,
Hampshire
Hampshire (, ; abbreviated to Hants) is a ceremonial county, ceremonial and non-metropolitan county, non-metropolitan counties of England, county in western South East England on the coast of the English Channel. Home to two major English citi ...
, on 29 April 1743 (O.S.), he was the third son of the Rev. William Goodenough, rector of
Broughton Poggs
Broughton Poggs is a village in the civil parish of Filkins and Broughton Poggs in West Oxfordshire. Broughton Poggs is southwest of Carterton.
Parish church
Parts of the Church of England parish church of Saint Peter are early Norman, incl ...
,
Oxfordshire
Oxfordshire is a ceremonial and non-metropolitan county in the north west of South East England. It is a mainly rural county, with its largest settlement being the city of Oxford. The county is a centre of research and development, primarily ...
. In 1750 the family returned to Broughton, and Samuel was sent to school at
Witney
Witney is a market town on the River Windrush in West Oxfordshire in the county of Oxfordshire, England. It is west of Oxford. The place-name "Witney" is derived from the Old English for "Witta's island". The earliest known record of it is as ...
, under the Rev. B. Gutteridge; five years later he was sent to
Westminster School
(God Gives the Increase)
, established = Earliest records date from the 14th century, refounded in 1560
, type = Public school Independent day and boarding school
, religion = Church of England
, head_label = Hea ...
, where
William Markham was headmaster. He became king's scholar, and in 1760 was elected to a studentship at
Christ Church, Oxford
Christ Church ( la, Ædes Christi, the temple or house, '' ædēs'', of Christ, and thus sometimes known as "The House") is a constituent college of the University of Oxford in England. Founded in 1546 by King Henry VIII, the college is uniqu ...
, took his B.A. degree 9 May 1764, and proceeded M.A. 25 June 1767 and D.C.L. 11 July 1772.
In 1766 Goodenough returned to Westminster as under-master for four years, when he left the post for the church, having inherited from his father the
advowson
Advowson () or patronage is the right in English law of a patron (avowee) to present to the diocesan bishop (or in some cases the ordinary if not the same person) a nominee for appointment to a vacant ecclesiastical benefice or church living, ...
of Broughton Poggs, and received from his college the vicarage of
Brize-Norton, Oxfordshire. He married on 17 April 1770 Elizabeth, eldest daughter of Dr.
James Ford, formerly physician to the
Middlesex Hospital
Middlesex Hospital was a teaching hospital located in the Fitzrovia area of London, England. First opened as the Middlesex Infirmary in 1745 on Windmill Street, it was moved in 1757 to Mortimer Street where it remained until it was finally clos ...
. Two years subsequently he established a school at
Ealing
Ealing () is a district in West London, England, west of Charing Cross in the London Borough of Ealing. Ealing is the administrative centre of the borough and is identified as a major metropolitan centre in the London Plan.
Ealing was histor ...
, and carried it on for 26 years, during which time he had the charge of the sons of many noblemen and gentlemen of position.
Goodenough had a reputation as a classical tutor, but his strongest bent was towards botany, and when the
Linnean Society
The Linnean Society of London is a learned society dedicated to the study and dissemination of information concerning natural history, evolution, and taxonomy. It possesses several important biological specimen, manuscript and literature colle ...
was established in 1787 he was one of the framers of its constitution and treasurer during its first year. He contributed a classical memoir on the genus Carex to the second and third volumes of its ‘Transactions’. In addition to being one of the vice-presidents of the Linnean, while Sir J. E. Smith being president, he was for some time a vice-president of the
Royal Society
The Royal Society, formally The Royal Society of London for Improving Natural Knowledge, is a learned society and the United Kingdom's national academy of sciences. The society fulfils a number of roles: promoting science and its benefits, re ...
(of which he became a Fellow in 1789) while
Sir Joseph Banks
Sir Joseph Banks, 1st Baronet, (19 June 1820) was an English naturalist, botanist, and patron of the natural sciences.
Banks made his name on the 1766 natural-history expedition to Newfoundland and Labrador. He took part in Captain James C ...
presided, and he also shared in the running of the
Society of Antiquaries.
In 1797 he was presented to the vicarage of
Cropredy
Cropredy ( ) is a village and civil parish on the River Cherwell, north of Banbury in Oxfordshire.
History
The village has Anglo-Saxon origins and is recorded in the Domesday Book of 1086. The toponym comes from the Old English words ''cropp'' ...
by the
Bishop of Oxford
The Bishop of Oxford is the diocesan bishop of the Church of England Diocese of Oxford in the Province of Canterbury; his seat is at Christ Church Cathedral, Oxford. The current bishop is Steven Croft, following the confirmation of his electio ...
, in the following year he was advanced to the canonry of
St George's Chapel, Windsor
St George's Chapel at Windsor Castle in England is a castle chapel built in the late-medieval Perpendicular Gothic style. It is both a Royal Peculiar (a church under the direct jurisdiction of the monarch) and the Chapel of the Order of the Gart ...
, and in 1802 promoted to the
deanery of Rochester. In this preferment he was aided by
William Cavendish-Bentinck, 3rd Duke of Portland
William Henry Cavendish Cavendish-Bentinck, 3rd Duke of Portland, (14 April 173830 October 1809) was a British Whig and then a Tory politician during the late Georgian era. He served as Chancellor of the University of Oxford (1792–1809) an ...
, all of whose sons had been his pupils. By the Duke's favour Goodenough in 1808 was elevated to the episcopal bench as bishop of Carlisle. He died at Worthing on 12 August 1827, surviving the loss of his wife only eleven weeks, and was buried on the 18th of that month in the north cloister of Westminster Abbey.
He left three sons, all clergymen (Samuel James, Robert Philip, and
Edmund
Edmund is a masculine given name or surname in the English language. The name is derived from the Old English elements ''ēad'', meaning "prosperity" or "riches", and ''mund'', meaning "protector".
Persons named Edmund include:
People Kings and ...
), and four daughters.
References
*
Notes
Attribution
{{DEFAULTSORT:Goodenough, Samuel
Bishops of Carlisle
Deans of Rochester
English botanists
1743 births
1827 deaths
Fellows of the Linnean Society of London
Fellows of the Royal Society
Fellows of the Society of Antiquaries of London
Canons of Windsor
People educated at Westminster School, London
Alumni of Christ Church, Oxford
18th-century British botanists
18th-century British scientists
19th-century British botanists
Samuel
Samuel ''Šəmūʾēl'', Tiberian: ''Šămūʾēl''; ar, شموئيل or صموئيل '; el, Σαμουήλ ''Samouḗl''; la, Samūēl is a figure who, in the narratives of the Hebrew Bible, plays a key role in the transition from the bibl ...