Salyan District ( ne, सल्यान जिल्ला), a part of Karnali Province, is one of the seventy-seven

districts of Nepal Districts in Nepal are second level of administrative divisions after provinces. Districts are subdivided in municipalities and rural municipalities. There are seven provinces and 77 districts in Nepal. After the state's reconstruction of admi ...

. Salyan covers an area of with a population of 213,500 in 2001 and 241,716 in 2011. The district's administrative center is named Salyan or ''Salyan Khalanga'', today it is part of Shaarada Municipality. The district is known for its

Hindu Hindus (; ) are people who religiously adhere to Hinduism.Jeffery D. Long (2007), A Vision for Hinduism, IB Tauris, , pages 35–37 Historically, the term has also been used as a geographical, cultural, and later religious identifier for ...

temples including

Shiva Shiva (; sa, शिव, lit=The Auspicious One, Śiva ), also known as Mahadeva (; ɐɦaːd̪eːʋɐ, or Hara, is one of the principal deities of Hinduism. He is the Supreme Being in Shaivism, one of the major traditions within Hindu ...

temples in

Chhayachhetra Chhayachhetra is a village development committee in Salyan District in the Rapti Zone of western-central Nepal. At the time of the 1991 Nepal census The 1991 Nepal census was a widespread national census conducted by the Nepal Central Bureau ...

and

Laxmipur Laxmipur may refer to: * Lakshmipur District, Bangladesh ** Lakshmipur Sadar Upazila * Laxmipur, Dang Deokhuri, Nepal * Laxmipur, Jhapa, Nepal * Laxmipur, Mahakali, Nepal * Laxmipur, Narayani, Nepal * Laxmipur, Salyan, Nepal * Laxmipur (Odisha ...

, and the

Devi Devī (; Sanskrit: देवी) is the Sanskrit word for 'goddess'; the masculine form is ''deva''. ''Devi'' and ''deva'' mean 'heavenly, divine, anything of excellence', and are also gender-specific terms for a deity in Hinduism. The conce ...

temple at Khairabang in Shaarada municipality, one of nine in Nepal.

History

Salyan was one of the ''

Baise Rajya Baise Rajya ( ne, बाइसे राज्यहरू, ) were sovereign and intermittently allied petty kingdoms on the Indian subcontinent, ruled by Khas from medieval Nepal, located around the Karnali- Bheri river basin of modern-day Nep ...

'', a confederation of 22 petty kingdoms in the Karnali (Ghagra) region. About 1760 CE all these kingdoms were annexed by the Shah Dynasty during the

unification of Nepal The Unification of Nepal, also known as Expansion of Gorkha Kingdom, officially began in 1743 AD (1799 BS) after King Prithvi Narayan Shah of Gorkha launched an aggressive annexation campaign seeking to broaden his own kingdom's border. After ...

Etymology

''Salyan'' derives from the Nepali word ''sallo'' which means pine tree or conifer.

Geography and climate

Although Salyan is considered a hilly district, its southwest salient is actually outside the Pahari-inhabited hill region, in the lower Siwalik Hills that are more an extension of the

Terai The Terai or Tarai is a lowland region in northern India and southern Nepal that lies south of the outer foothills of the Himalayas, the Sivalik Hills, and north of the Indo-Gangetic Plain. This lowland belt is characterised by tall grasslands, scr ...

. The Babai River flows through the southwestern Siwaliks section after draining

Dang Valley The Inner Terai Valleys of Nepal comprise several elongated river valleys in the southern lowland Terai part of the country. These tropical valleys are enclosed by the Himalayan foothills, viz the Mahabharat Range and the Sivalik Hills farther south ...

. A tributary ''Sharad Khola'' drains the eastern half of Salyan's hill region—including the district center, then exits these hills by cutting through the Mahabharat Range to its confluence with the Babai. The western half of Salyan's hill region is drained by the Bheri.

Demographics

At the time of the

2011 Nepal census Nepal conducted a widespread national census in 2011 by the Nepal Central Bureau of Statistics. Working with the 58 municipalities and the 3915 Village Development Committees at a district level, they recorded data from all the municipalities an ...

, Salyan District had a population of 242,444. Khas Chhetris are the largest caste in the district making up 57% of the population, while Magars are the second largest group and make up 15.1% of the population. 11.8% is

Kami are the deities, divinities, spirits, phenomena or "holy powers", that are venerated in the Shinto religion. They can be elements of the landscape, forces of nature, or beings and the qualities that these beings express; they can also be the sp ...

, while Sanyasis and Thakuris are both 3.5% of the population. 3% is Damai, 2.6% Bahun and 1.8% Sarki. 99.4% spoke

Nepali Nepali or Nepalese may refer to : Concerning Nepal * Anything of, from, or related to Nepal * Nepali people, citizens of Nepal * Nepali language, an Indo-Aryan language found in Nepal, the current official national language and a language spoken ...

as their first language.2011 Nepal Census, Social Characteristics Tables
/ref>

Population by census 1971–2021

Colors= id:lightgrey value:gray(0.9) id:darkgrey value:gray(0.8) id:sfondo value:rgb(1,1,1) id:barra value:rgb(0.6,0.7,0.8) ImageSize = width:350 height:303 PlotArea = left:50 bottom:50 top:30 right:30 DateFormat = x.y Period = from:0 till:300000 TimeAxis = orientation:vertical AlignBars = justify ScaleMajor = gridcolor:darkgrey increment:50000 start:0 ScaleMinor = gridcolor:lightgrey increment:1000 start:0 BackgroundColors = canvas:sfondo BarData= bar:1971 text:1971 bar:1981 text:1981 bar:1991 text:1991 bar:2001 text:2001 bar:2011 text:2011 bar:2021 text:2021 PlotData= color:barra width:20 align:left bar:1971 from: 0 till:141457 bar:1981 from: 0 till:152063 bar:1991 from: 0 till:181785 bar:2001 from: 0 till:213500 bar:2011 from: 0 till:241716 bar:2021 from: 0 till:238668 PlotData= bar:1971 at:141457 fontsize:XS text:141,457 shift:(-14,5) bar:1981 at:152063 fontsize:XS text:152,063 shift:(-14,5) bar:1991 at:181785 fontsize:XS text:181,785 shift:(-14,5) bar:2001 at:213500 fontsize:XS text:213,500 shift:(-14,5) bar:2011 at:241716 fontsize:XS text:241,716 shift:(-14,5) bar:2021 at:238668 fontsize:XS text:238,668 shift:(-14,5)

Administration

The district consists of ten

municipalities A municipality is usually a single administrative division having corporate status and powers of self-government or jurisdiction as granted by national and regional laws to which it is subordinate. The term ''municipality'' may also mean the go ...

, out of which three are urban municipalities and sevenare rural municipalities. These are as follows: * Shaarda Municipality * Bagchaur Municipality * Bangad Kupinde Municipality * Kalimati Rural Municipality * Tribeni Rural Municipality * Kapurkot Rural Municipality * Chatreshwari Rural Municipality * Kumakh Rural Municipality * Siddha Kumakh Rural Municipality *

Darma Rural Municipality Darma ( ne, दर्मा गाउँपालिका) is a rural municipality located in Salyan District of Karnali Province of Nepal. It Has established by including 3 VDCs named Dhakadam, Valchaur and Darmakot. The total area of darma r ...

Former Village Development Committees

Prior to the restructuring of the district, Saylan District consisted of the following municipalities and

Village development committees A village development committee ( ne, गाउँ विकास समिति; ''gāum̐ vikās samiti'') in Nepal was the lower administrative part of its Ministry of Federal Affairs and Local Development. Each district had several VDCs, ...

: * Badagaun * Bafukhola * Bajh Kanda * Bame Banghad * Bhalchaur *

Chande The ''chande'' is a drum used in the traditional and classical music of South India and particularly in Yakshagana theatre art of Karnataka. It follows the Yakshagana Tala system. The rhythms are based on pre-classical music forms that Karnat ...

* Damachaur * Dandagaun * Darmakot *

Devasthal Devasthal is an observatory in the district of Nainital, Kumaon, India. The literal meaning of the place is "abode of god". The observatory is situated in the Kumaon Himalayas at an altitude of 2450 meters. Devasthal peak is an emerging optica ...

* Jhajhari Pipal * Dhakadam * Dhanwang * Hiwalcha *

Jhimpe Jhimpe is a village development committee in Salyan District Salyan may refer to: Places Azerbaijan *Salyan District (Azerbaijan), a district of Azerbaijan *Salyan, Azerbaijan Salyan ( az, Salyan), is a city and the capital of the Salyan D ...

* Jimali *

Kabhrechaur Kabhrechaur is a village development committee in Salyan District in the Rapti Zone of western-central Nepal. At the time of the 1991 Nepal census The 1991 Nepal census was a widespread national census conducted by the Nepal Central Bureau of ...

* Kajeri * Kalagaun *

Kalimati Kalche Kalimati Kalche is a Village development committee (Nepal), village development committee in Salyan District (Nepal), Salyan District in the Rapti Zone of western-central Nepal. At the time of the 1991 Nepal census it had a population of 4143 peo ...

* Kalimati Rampur *

Kavra Kabhra is a Village development committee (Nepal), village development committee in Salyan District (Nepal), Salyan District in the Rapti Zone of western-central Nepal. At the time of the 1991 Nepal census it had a population of 3314 people livi ...

* Khalanga * Korbang Jhimpe *

Kotbara Kotbara is a village development committee in Salyan District in the Rapti Zone of western-central Nepal. At the time of the 1991 Nepal census The 1991 Nepal census was a widespread national census conducted by the Nepal Central Bureau of Stat ...

Kotmala Kotmala is a village development committee in Salyan District in the Rapti Zone of western-central Nepal. At the time of the 1991 Nepal census The 1991 Nepal census was a widespread national census conducted by the Nepal Central Bureau of St ...

* Kubhinde *

* Lekhpokhara *

Majh Khanda Majh Khanda is a village development committee in Salyan District in the Rapti Zone of western-central Nepal. At the time of the 1991 Nepal census The 1991 Nepal census was a widespread national census conducted by the Nepal Central Bureau o ...

* Marke * Marmaparikanda *

Mulkhola Mulkhola is a village development committee in Salyan District in the Rapti Zone of western-central Nepal. At the time of the 1991 Nepal census The 1991 Nepal census was a widespread national census conducted by the Nepal Central Bureau of St ...

* Nigalchula * Phalawang * PipalNeta * Rim *

Saijuwal Takura Saijuwal Takura is market center in Sharada Municipality in Salyan District in the Rapti Zone of western-central Nepal. The place formerly existing as Village Development Committee was annexed to form a new municipality since 18 May 2014. At th ...

* Sarpani Garpa *

Sibaratha Sibaratha is a village development committee in Salyan District in the Rapti Zone of western-central Nepal. At the time of the 1991 Nepal census The 1991 Nepal census was a widespread national census conducted by the Nepal Central Bureau of S ...

* Siddheswar * Sinwang * Suikot * Syanikhal * Tharmare * Tribeni

Maps

Besides the United Nations/Nepal map of districts and VDCs shown above, their ''Map Centre'' has a downloadable PDF version adding municipalities, roads and water detail: : From 1992 to 2002 a definitive series of

large scale Large scale or G scale (, G gauge) is a track gauge for model railways which is often used for outdoor garden railways because of its size and durability. G scale trains use a fixed track gauge of to accommodate a range of rail transport mod ...

topographic maps In modern mapping, a topographic map or topographic sheet is a type of map characterized by large- scale detail and quantitative representation of relief features, usually using contour lines (connecting points of equal elevation), but histori ...

were surveyed and published through a joint project by

Government of Nepal The Government of Nepal ( ne, नेपाल सरकार) is the federal executive authority of Nepal. Prior to the abolition of the Nepali monarchy in 2006 (became republic in 2008), it was officially known as His Majesty's Government. T ...

Survey Department and

Finland Finland ( fi, Suomi ; sv, Finland ), officially the Republic of Finland (; ), is a Nordic country in Northern Europe. It shares land borders with Sweden to the northwest, Norway to the north, and Russia to the east, with the Gulf of B ...

's Ministry for Foreign Affairs contracting through the ''FinnMap'' consulting firm. Japan International Cooperation Agency substituted for FinnMap in Lumbini Zone. Topographic sheets at 1:25,000 scale covering 7.5 minutes latitude and longitude map the Terai and Middle Mountains. Less populated high mountain regions are on 15 minute sheets at 1:50,000. JPG scans can be downloade
here:
ref> These sheets cover Salyan District: *2881 08D ''Bajedichaur'' (1999) *2881 11D ''Chisapani Mulatati'' (1997) *2881 12A ''Mehelkuna'' (1999) *2881 12B ''Botechaur'' (1999) *2881 12C ''Ghuiyabari'' (1998) *2881 12D ''Baluwa'' (1998) *2881 16A ''Dhakeri'' (1997) *2881 16B ''Dhobaghat'' (1997) *2882 05A ''Karkigau'' (1999) *2882 05C ''Salli Bajar'' (1999) *2882 05D ''Swikot'' (1999) *2882 06C ''Pharulachaur'' (1999) *2882 06D ''Simruth'' (1999) *2882 09A ''Kubhinde Daha'' (1999) *2882 09B ''Khalanga'' (1999) *2882 09C ''Suketal'' (1999) *2882 09D ''Shitalpati'' (1998) *2882 10A ''Tharmare'' (1999) *2882 10B ''Sukhaodar'' (1999) *2882 10C ''Luham'' (1998) *2882 10D ''Nerpa'' (1999) *2882 13A ''Hamsapur'' (1998) *2882 13B ''Panchakule'' (1998) *2882 14A ''Tulsipur'' (1999) *2882 14B ''Dubrin'' (1999)

References

External links

* {{Coord, 28, 22, N, 82, 10, E, type:adm2nd_region:NP_source:enwiki, display=title * Districts of Nepal established during Rana regime or before Districts of Karnali Province