Salyan District, Nepal

Salyan District ( ne, सल्यान जिल्ला), a part of Karnali Province, is one of the seventy-seven districts of Nepal. Salyan covers an area of with a population of 213,500 in 2001 and 241,716 in 2011. The district's administrative center is named Salyan or ''Salyan Khalanga'', today it is part of Shaarada Municipality.

The district is known for its Hindu temples including Shiva temples in Chhayachhetra and Laxmipur, and the Devi temple at Khairabang in Shaarada municipality, one of nine in Nepal.

History

Salyan was one of the '' Baise Rajya'', a confederation of 22 petty kingdoms in the Karnali (Ghagra) region. About 1760 CE all these kingdoms were annexed by the Shah Dynasty during the unification of Nepal.

Etymology

''Salyan'' derives from the Nepali word ''sallo'' which means pine tree or conifer.

Geography and climate

Although Salyan is considered a hilly district, its southwest salient is actually outside the Pahari-inhabited hill region, in the lower Siwalik Hills that are more an extension of the Terai.

The Babai River flows through the southwestern Siwaliks section after draining Dang Valley. A tributary ''Sharad Khola'' drains the eastern half of Salyan's hill region—including the district center, then exits these hills by cutting through the Mahabharat Range to its confluence with the Babai. The western half of Salyan's hill region is drained by the Bheri.

Demographics

At the time of the 2011 Nepal census, Salyan District had a population of 242,444. Khas Chhetris are the largest caste in the district making up 57% of the population, while Magars are the second largest group and make up 15.1% of the population. 11.8% is Kami, while Sanyasis and Thakuris are both 3.5% of the population. 3% is Damai, 2.6% Bahun and 1.8% Sarki.

99.4% spoke Nepali as their first language.2011 Nepal Census, Social Characteristics Tables
/ref>

Population by census 1971–2021

Colors=
id:lightgrey value:gray(0.9)
id:darkgrey value:gray(0.8)
id:sfondo value:rgb(1,1,1)
id:barra value:rgb(0.6,0.7,0.8)

ImageSize = width:350 height:303
PlotArea = left:50 bottom:50 top:30 right:30
DateFormat = x.y
Period = from:0 till:300000
TimeAxis = orientation:vertical
AlignBars = justify
ScaleMajor = gridcolor:darkgrey increment:50000 start:0
ScaleMinor = gridcolor:lightgrey increment:1000 start:0
BackgroundColors = canvas:sfondo

BarData=
bar:1971 text:1971
bar:1981 text:1981
bar:1991 text:1991
bar:2001 text:2001
bar:2011 text:2011
bar:2021 text:2021
PlotData=
color:barra width:20 align:left
bar:1971 from: 0 till:141457
bar:1981 from: 0 till:152063
bar:1991 from: 0 till:181785
bar:2001 from: 0 till:213500
bar:2011 from: 0 till:241716
bar:2021 from: 0 till:238668
PlotData=

bar:1971 at:141457 fontsize:XS text:141,457 shift:(-14,5)
bar:1981 at:152063 fontsize:XS text:152,063 shift:(-14,5)
bar:1991 at:181785 fontsize:XS text:181,785 shift:(-14,5)
bar:2001 at:213500 fontsize:XS text:213,500 shift:(-14,5)
bar:2011 at:241716 fontsize:XS text:241,716 shift:(-14,5)
bar:2021 at:238668 fontsize:XS text:238,668 shift:(-14,5)

Administration

The district consists of ten municipalities, out of which three are urban municipalities and sevenare rural municipalities. These are as follows:
* Shaarda Municipality
* Bagchaur Municipality
* Bangad Kupinde Municipality
* Kalimati Rural Municipality
* Tribeni Rural Municipality
* Kapurkot Rural Municipality
* Chatreshwari Rural Municipality
* Kumakh Rural Municipality
* Siddha Kumakh Rural Municipality
* Darma Rural Municipality

Former Village Development Committees

Prior to the restructuring of the district, Saylan District consisted of the following municipalities and Village development committees:

* Badagaun
* Bafukhola
* Bajh Kanda
* Bame Banghad
* Bhalchaur
*Chande
* Chhayachhetra
* Damachaur
* Dandagaun
* Darmakot
* Devasthal
* Jhajhari Pipal
* Dhakadam
* Dhanwang
* Hiwalcha
* Jhimpe
* Jimali
* Kabhrechaur
* Kajeri
* Kalagaun
*Kalimati Kalche
* Kalimati Rampur
* Kavra
* Khalanga
* Korbang Jhimpe
* Kotbara
*Kotmala
* Kubhinde
* Laxmipur
* Lekhpokhara
*Majh Khanda
* Marke
* Marmaparikanda
* Mulkhola
* Nigalchula
* Phalawang
* PipalNeta
* Rim
* Saijuwal Takura
* Sarpani Garpa
* Sibaratha
* Siddheswar
* Sinwang
* Suikot
* Syanikhal
* Tharmare
* Tribeni

Maps

Besides the United Nations/Nepal map of districts and VDCs shown above, their ''Map Centre'' has a downloadable PDF version adding municipalities, roads and water detail:
:

From 1992 to 2002 a definitive series of large scale topographic maps were surveyed and published through a joint project by Government of Nepal Survey Department and Finland's Ministry for Foreign Affairs contracting through the ''FinnMap'' consulting firm. Japan International Cooperation Agency substituted for FinnMap in Lumbini Zone.
Topographic sheets at 1:25,000 scale covering 7.5 minutes latitude and longitude map the Terai and Middle Mountains. Less populated high mountain regions are on 15 minute sheets at 1:50,000. JPG scans can be downloade
here:
ref> These sheets cover Salyan District:

*2881 08D ''Bajedichaur'' (1999)
*2881 11D ''Chisapani Mulatati'' (1997)
*2881 12A ''Mehelkuna'' (1999)
*2881 12B ''Botechaur'' (1999)
*2881 12C ''Ghuiyabari'' (1998)
*2881 12D ''Baluwa'' (1998)
*2881 16A ''Dhakeri'' (1997)
*2881 16B ''Dhobaghat'' (1997)
*2882 05A ''Karkigau'' (1999)
*2882 05C ''Salli Bajar'' (1999)
*2882 05D ''Swikot'' (1999)
*2882 06C ''Pharulachaur'' (1999)
*2882 06D ''Simruth'' (1999)
*2882 09A ''Kubhinde Daha'' (1999)
*2882 09B ''Khalanga'' (1999)
*2882 09C ''Suketal'' (1999)
*2882 09D ''Shitalpati'' (1998)
*2882 10A ''Tharmare'' (1999)
*2882 10B ''Sukhaodar'' (1999)
*2882 10C ''Luham'' (1998)
*2882 10D ''Nerpa'' (1999)
*2882 13A ''Hamsapur'' (1998)
*2882 13B ''Panchakule'' (1998)
*2882 14A ''Tulsipur'' (1999)
*2882 14B ''Dubrin'' (1999)

References

External links

*

{{Coord, 28, 22, N, 82, 10, E, type:adm2nd_region:NP_source:enwiki, display=title

*
Districts of Nepal established during Rana regime or before
Districts of Karnali Province